Muhimman tambayoyi game da shirin Saudiyya na karɓar baƙuncin gasar Kofin Duniya

Matakin da hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya Fifa ta ɗauka na bai wa Saudiyya izinin shirya gasar Kofin Duniya ta 2034 - duk da zargin ƙasar da ake yi da take haƙƙin ɗan'adam - na cikin manyan matakai masu nauyi da hukumar ta ɗauka a tarihi.

Amma duk da cewa masu kushe za su ji ba daɗi, wasu ba za su yi mamaki ba ganin irin kuɗaɗen da ƙasar ta zuba a harkar wasanni.

Don haka shin za a yi amfani da gasar domin sauya yadda ake kallon ƙasar ta Saudiyya? Shin gasar za ta iya zama sanadiyar sauya yanayin rayuwa a ƙasar? Me hakan ke nufi ga hukumar Fifa da harkar ƙwallo baki ɗaya?

Wannan ya sa BBC ta tattaro wasu tambayoyi a game da yunƙurin.

Me ya sa aka tabbatar da ƙasar, ba tare da takara ba?

An sanar da Saduiyya a matsayin mai masaukin baƙi ne bayan taron Fifa a ranar Laraba.

Amma ana ganin duk tarukan da aka yi kawai jan-ƙafa ne saboda a watan Oktoban 2023 aka fara hasashen babu ƙasar da za ta ƙalubalanci Saudiyya wajen neman damar ɗaukar nauyin gasar bayan Australia - wadda ita kaɗai ce ta nuna sha'awarta - ta fjanye daga neman izinin saboda Fifa ba ta bai wa ƙasar isasshen lokaci ba, inda aka ba ta ƙasa da wata ɗaya.

Fifa ta kare matakan da ta bi, waɗanda wasu suka yi zargin an yi ɓoye-ɓoye a ciki, inda wasu suke cewa an shirya wa Saudiyya hanyoyin da za ta samu sauƙin samun izinin karɓar baƙuncin gasar ta hanyar tsara cewa gasar ta 2030 za a yi ta ne a nahiyoyi uku daba-daban. Wannan ke nufin a sabon tsarin, yankin Asia da Ocenia ne kawai suke da alhakin ɗaukar nauyin gasar ta 2034.

Ya kamata a fahimci cewa Saudiyya ta ƙulla alaƙa mai kyau da hukumar Fifa a ƙarƙashin shugabancin Gianni Infantino. Ƙasar ce ta karɓi baƙuncin gasar kofin duniya na zakarun ƙungiyoyi ta 2023, sannan hukumar ta shiga yarjejeniya da babban kamfanin man ƙasar na Aramco.

Haka kuma akwai zargin da ake yaɗawa cewa hukumar zuba jari ta Saudiyya wato Public Investment Fund (PIF) za ta zuba jari a manhajar kallon wasannin kai-tsaye wato DAZN.

Haka kuma a watan jiya aka ƙara gane cewa yunƙurin Saudiyya zai cimma ruwa bayan Fifa ta fitar da rahoton binciken shirye-shiryen ƙasar, inda sakatare janar na hukumar, Mattias Grafstrom, ya fitar da rahoton da ya ba Saudiyya maki 4.5 bisa 5, wanda shi ne maki mafi girma a tarihi.

Sai dai ba a gudanar da taron ƴanjarida ba domin bayyana yadda aka gudanar da binciken, da kuma wanke sauran abubuwan da ake zargi.

Sai dai ita kuma Fifa za ta iya cewa samun ƙasa ɗaya tana neman izinin karɓar baƙuncin gasar, saboda fafatawa tsakanin ƙasashe da dama yana jawo rashawa, sannan kuma hukumar na da alhakin kai gasar zuwa wasu yankunan.

Me wasu ƙasashen suke cewa?

Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Norway ta ce yadda aka bi wajen ba Saudiyya damar, "ya saɓa da yunƙurin Fifa na tabbatar da tsari mai kyau da adalci," sannan "zai rage ƙima da amincin Fifa."

Har yanzu hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ingila ba ta ce komai ba, BBC ta ji daga wata majiya cewa duk da akwai fargabar tauye haƙƙin ɗan'adam, hukumar na tsoron kar a zarge ta da muhafunci idan ta ƙi goyon bayan Saudiyya.

Sai dai yawanci sukar ta fi fitowa daga waɗanda ba sa harkar wasanni. A watan Maris, jaridar The Guardina ta bankaɗo hujjojin da ke tabbatar da mutuwar wasu baƙin haure ƴan Bangladesh a Saudiyya.

A watan Oktoba kuma, wani ofishin aikin lauyanci mai zaman kansa a Saudiyya - wanda yana cikin waɗanda Fifa ta yi amfa ni da su wajen bincike - ya sha suka daga ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin ɗan'adam saboda ba su yi bayani kan zargin take haƙƙin ma'aikata baƙin haure a ƙasar ba.

A watan da ya gabata ma ƙungiyar Amnesty ta buƙaci Fifa ta dakatar da yunƙurin ba Saudiyya izinin karɓar baƙuncin gasar, inda ta yi zargin cewa, "magoya bayan kallon ƙwallon ƙafa za su fuskanci wariya."

Saudiyya na fuskantar ƙalubale duk da ƙoƙarinta da faɗaɗa harkokin wasanni. A watan Oktoba, ƴanƙwallo ƙafa mata sama da 100 ne suka aika wasiƙa zuwa da Fifa suna kira ga hukumar ta soke yarjejeniyar da ke tsakaninta da Aramco.

Wasu kuma suna ganin ƴanwasa da dama sun yi shiru saboda kwaɗayin kuɗaden da ake biyan ƴanwasa a gasar ƙasar, sannan kuma ko da suna da matsaloli da ƙasar, hukumomi da gwamnati na sha'awar shiga harka da ƙasar ta Saudiyya.

Ko a wannan makon, firaministan Burtaniya, Keir Starmer ya ziyarci Saudiyya domin ƙarfafa alaƙar tattalin arziki.

Yaya gasar za ta kasance a Saudiyya?

"Za ta ƙayatar," kamar yadda hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Saudiyya ta bayyana.

Hukumar ta ce za ta yi amfani da filin wasa guda 15 (guda uku da ake ginawa a yanzu haka, da wasu guda takwas da ba a fara ba) a birane biyar, ciki har da birnin Neon da za a gina nan gaba a ƙsar.

Rahoton Fifa ya yaba da "shirye-shiryen ƙasar mai kyau na samar da filiyane wasa ingantttu waɗanda idan aka kammala, za su zama ƙayatattu."

Sai dai akwai tabbacin za a yi gasar ne a hunturu, wanda shi ne zai zama bambaci tsakaninsa da wanda aka yi a Qatar, wadda aka fafata tsakanin Nuwamban zuwa Disamban 2022.

Mahukutan gasar premier league da hukumomin wasu manyan gasanni a turai ba za su amince da gasar kofin duniya a yanayin hunturu ba, kamar yadda kamfanin dillancin labarai na PA ya ruwaito.

Me hakan ke nufi ga harkar wasanni a Saudiyya?

Wasu na cewa wannan matakin zai ƙara bayyana yadda ƙasar take gawurta a harkar wasanni.

Ƙasar ta kashe fam biliyoyi wajen shirya tarukan duniya tun daga shekarar 2021, inda yariman ƙasar ya ce suna cikin tsare-tsaren ƙasar na muradun 2030 wato "Vision 2030' na gyara tattalin arzikin ƙasar. Tuni ƙasar ta shirya gasar tseren motoci ta Formula 1, da gasar dawakai da dambe da na ƙwallo daban-daban.

Hukumar zuba jari ta ƙasar wato PIB ta zuba jari a harkar ƙwallon ƙafa sosai, inda ta mallaki ƙungiyoyi huɗu a gasar cin kofin ƙasar da kuma Newscastle United ta Ingila.

Amma duk da haka, shirya gasar cin kofin duniya a Saudiyya zai kawo sauyi mai girma a harkar wasannin ƙasar, wanda kuma wataƙila zai ba ƙasar damar shirya gasar Olympic a nan gaba.

Da gaske za a yi amfani da gasar ne domin ɓoye wasu laifuka?

Wasu masu suka na cewa za a yi amfani da gasar ne domin ɓoye wasu laifuka, inda wasu ke ganin za kuma a yi amfani da Fifa ne domin gyara yadda ake kallon ƙasar a shekarun baya. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake zargin ƙasar akwai:

Duk da cewa masu goyon bayan ƙasar sun ce an samu cigaba sosai a cikin ƴan shekarun nan, musamman a ɓangaren haƙƙin mata, wasu na ganin har yanzu akwai sauran rina a kaba.

Saudiyya ce ta tabbatar da hukuncin kisa mafi yawa kan fursunoni a duniya a shekarar 2023, inda aka kashe mutum 300.

Ita dai Saudiya tana nanata cewa yunƙurinta na karɓar baƙuncin gasar ba wani abu ba ne illa shirin inganta tattlin arziki da jawo masu buɗe ido domin zamanantar da ƙasar, da kuma ƙarfafa gwiwar matasa.

A bara ne ministan wasannin ƙasar, Abdulaziz bin Turki Al Faisal, ya kare yunƙurin ƙasar, inda ya ce zargin amfani da gasar domin ɓoye wasu laifuka "shashi-faɗi ne."

Ya ce, "mun karɓi baƙunci sama da tarukan duniya 85, kuma mun samu nasara. Muna so ne mu jawo hankalin duniya zuwa ƙasarmu ta hanyar amfani da wasanni."

Da aka tambaye shi ko mata da ƴan luwaɗi za su iya zuwa kallon gasar, sai ya ce, "muna maraba da kowa."

Shin gasar za ta kawo wani sauyi?

Mutane da dama suna ganin duk da cewa Qatar ta samu nasarar shirya gasar kofin duniya da ta ba mutane mamaki, an samu zarge-zargen tauye haƙƙin ɗan'adam da wariya, kuma gasar ta kawo tsaiko a gasanni na duniya, sannan suke fargabar za a iya maimaitawa idan Saudiyya ta shirya gasar.

Kamar Qatar, ita ma Saudiyya yawanci filayen wasanninta baƙi ne za su yi aikin ginawa.

Sai dai a bara ministan wasannin ya tabbatar da cewa za su yi ƙoƙari domin ganin ba a maimaita irin matsalolin da aka samu da leburori a Qatar ba, inda ya ce: "muna da kimanin shekara 10 da za mu yi aiki, kuma tuni mun fara aikin, don muna da lokaci isasshe."

A rahoton Fifa, ta yaba da "shirin Saudiyya na girmma dokokin duniya na haƙƙin ɗan'adam."

Yaya alaƙar gasar da gurɓata muhalli?

Wasu sun daɗe suna zargin ƙasar da taimakawa wajen gurɓata muhalli da kawo cikas wajen ɗaukar matakan rage illolin sauyin yanayi.

Hakan ya sa wasu suke bayyana fargabarsu kan karɓar baƙuncin ɗimbin mutane a ƙasar saboda halartar gasar.

Sai dai gwamnatin Saudiyya ta ce tana faɗaɗa nemo hanyoyin samar da makamashi marasa illa ga muhalli.

Sannan ita Qatar filayen wasa guda bakwai ta gina, ita kuma Saudiyya guda 11 za ta gina, tare da sabunta wasu huɗu.

Sannan a gasar a Qatar, wasa 64 aka buga, amma a gasar ta Saudiyya a shekarar 2034, wasa 104 za a buga, wanda hakan ya sa ake tunanin illolin sauyin yanayi za su fi yawa.

Me hakan ke bayyanawa game da wasanni?

Shirya gasar cin kofin duniya zai ƙara nuna yadda harkokin wasanni ke komawa Gabas ta Tsakiya.

A baya, babu wanda zai yi tunanin ƙaramar ƙasa irin Qatar da maƙwabciyarta Saudiyya za su iya shirya gasar cin kofin duniya a tsakanin shekara 12. Amma duba da irin arzikin ƙasashen, da kuma yadda hukumomin ƙwallon ƙafa ke neman hanyoyin kuɗin shiga, wannan ba zai zama abin mamaki ba a yanzu.

Sanna auren jinsi haram ne a ƙasar Moroko, wadda ke cikin waɗanda za su karɓi baƙuncin gasar a 2030, haka ma a Qatar.

Yanzu dai hukumomin Saudiyya da Fifa suna da kusan shekara goma domin tabbatar wa duniya shirye-shiryensu da kuma fahimtar da masu ruwa da tsaki cewa babu wata matsala da za a samu.