Inzu ndangamurage yo muri Ghana igamije kwibutsa amateka ya Africa

Mu ruhererekane BBC ibagezaho rw'amabaruwa y'abanditsi b'abanyafurika,  Joseph Warungu, impuguke mu itangazamakuru akaba anatanga amahugurwa, yanditse k'umugambi wo kubaka inzu ndangamurage nini cyane muri Ghana igamije kwibutsa amateka ya Afurika n'umurage w'abanyafurika.

Abanyafurika bagiye kongera kwimuka.

Aba Maasai bo muri Kenya na Tanzania, aba Himba bo muri Namibia, aba Somali bo mu ihembe rya Afurika, aba Zulu bo mu majyepfo ya Afurika n'aba Mbenga bo mu burengerazuba bw'ikibaya cya Congo - hamwe n'andi moko - bashobora gutangira kwimukira muri Ghana.

Ukwimuka gukomeye kw'abantu imbere muri Afurika kwatangiye hashize imyaka irenga ibihumbi bine igihe abantu benshi bavuga indimi z'iki Bantu bavaga aho bari batuye mu majyepfo y'uburengerazuba bwa Afurika maze bakajya gutura mu tundi duce twa Afurika.

Aba bimukira bashya rero bo bazafata ikindi cyerekezo.

Kimwe n'abasogukuruza babo, nabo ntabwo bazakenera kwaka impushya za visa zo kwinjira mu kindi gihugu cyangwa se ngo bakenere udutabo tw'inzira.

Ntabwo bo bazava aho batuye, ahubwo ni umuco wabo n'ukwemera kwabo bizimuka. Amateka yabo, imitekerereze yabo, imyemerere yabo y'idini n'amateka yabo nibyo bigiye kwimuka.

Ahantu hashya bagiye kwimukira hubatse ahitwa Pomadze Hills muri Winneba. Aha hantu hafite ubuso bwa acre icumi ni rwagati muri Ghana ku birometero 60 uvuye mu murwa mukuru Accra.

Ni ahantu habereye amaso hari ubutaka butwikiriwe n'ibimera bitoshye cyane.

Gahunda nigenda uko yateganijwe, mu kwezi kwa munani k'umwaka utaha, aha hantu hazaba hamaze kuzura inyubako y'amagorofa atandatu; ikazaba ari Inzu ndangamurage nyafurika yibutsa umurage wa Afurika.

Aho hantu hari ahitwa Winneba, abo "bimukira" bazanyura binjira mu nzu yabo nshya, hari urugendo rw'isaha mu modoka werekeza ahitwa Door of No Return (umuryango winjiramo ntugaruke) i Cape Coast Castle niho abanyafurika babarirwa muri za miliyoni banyujijwe bavanwa ku ngufu muri Afurika bakinjizwa mu bucakara.

Iyi nzu ndangamurage irimo kubakwa ifite intego imwe ikomeye - gukusanyiriza hamwe no kuvuga amateka ya Afurika hakoreshejwe amajwi nyafurika, ibikoresho n'umuco nyafurika.

Abari inyuma y'uyu mushinga bavuga ko ibi ari ngombwa cyane ngo kubera ko hashize igihe kinini cyane amateka ya Afurika abantu bayabarirwa n'abatari abanyafurika.

Babisobanura bavuga ko iyo umuntu wundi avuze inkuru ikureba, ayibara we uko abyumva kugirango bamwunve neza.

Iyi nzu ndangamurage rero irashaka kwibarira ubwayo amateka ya Afurika iziba icyuho abagize igitekerezo cyo kuyubaka bavuga ko cyabaye kinini mu bantu bafite inkomoko y'abanyafurika mu myaka 400 ishize.

Perezida wa Ghana Nana Akufo-Addo avuga ko iyi nzu ndangamurage izaba "uburuhukiro bw'ibihangano ndangamuco byose byasahuwe muri Afurika ubu bibitswe mu nzu ndangamurage zo mu mahanga kandi tuzasubizwa."

Iyi nzu ndangamurage ije ikurikira izindi zo muri Senegali, Repubulika ya demokarasi ya Congo na Nigeria, kandi ije mu gihe hari ubushake mu Burayi bwo kwemera ko ibihangano byasahuwe muri Afurika mu gihe cya gikolonize byagombye gusubizwa.

Urebye uko igishushanyo cyayo mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga kimeze, iyi nzu ndangamurage izaba ari inyubako ndende abantu bazajya batangira kubona bakiri kure yayo.

Nanjye - nk'umuntu ukunda Afurika - narayisuye mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.

Iyo ukinjiramo, uhita ubona ibihangano bya kino gihe byiza cyane byakozwe n'abahanzi bafite inkomoko nyafurika.

Amajwi meza y'igikoresho cy'umuziki cya Saxophone aherekejwe n'amanota ya piano biguha ituze.

Nahise nkunda iki gishushanyo kiza cyane cyakozwe n'umuhanzi wo muri Nigeria, Doba Afolabi.

Iki gihangano kitwa 'Nite Voltron' cyerekana umunyamuziki wabyitangiye arimo kumarira umwuka w'ibihaha bye muri saxophone.

Mu gukomeza nigira imbere nahise mbona Tangled Trikster - igihangano bigoye kumva icyo gishatse kuvuga cy'umuhanzi w'umunyamerika, Aisha Tandiwe Bell uzwi cyane mu gukoresha uburyo bunyuranye mu bijyanye n'imihango inyuranye ndetse n'inkuru z'impimbano umuco wemera ko harimo ukuri.

Asobanura ko umugore uboneka muri iki gihangano akora ibitangaza bya 'magie', yerekana ukuntu "mu isi y'ubu harimo imyirondoro itandukanye kandi yacitsemo ibice, hakabamo kandi n'imitekerereze itagira ingano."

Igitekerezo cyo kwibanda ku mwirondoro n'amateka abanyafurika bahuriyeho, hakizihizwa kandi hagahurizwa hamwe umuco nyafurika bigashyirwa byose mu nzu ndangamurage nyafurika, cyavutse muri 1994.

Umugabo uri inyuma yabyo ni Kojo Acquah Yankah, wahoze ari umwanditsi mukuru w'ikinyamakuru Daily Graphic cyo muri Ghana kandi wigeze no kuba umudepite na minisitiri muri leta ya nyakwigendera Jerry Rawlings.

Yambwiye ko igitekerezo cyamujemo igihe yari yitabiriye isabukuru igira 375 yo kwibuka igihe abanyafurika 20 ba mbere bagezwaga ku ngufu ku nkombe za Jamestown muri leta ya Virginia muri Amerika - akaba ari naho havukiye ubucakara bwakorewe abirabura.

Bwana Yankah avuga ko "uwo muhango wari witabiriwe n'abantu barenga ibihumbi bitanu bafite inkomoko nyafurika bavuye hirya no hino ku isi, barimo bibuka amateka yabo."

"Ibi byampaye imbaraga zo gushinga inzu ndangamurage nyafurika ihuriza hamwe abanyafurika n'abantu bose bafite inkomoko nyafurika no kongerera ikizere abanyafurika mfatiye ku bukire bafite mu mateka n'umurage wabo."

Ariko se iyi nzu ndangamurage hari icyo irusha izindi nyinshi muri Afurika?

Uyu mugabo wanashinze kaminuza nyafurika yigisha itumanaho muri Ghana (the African University College of Communications ) agira ati: "Hari inzu ndangamurage ziri munsi y'ibihumbi bibiri muri Afurika mu gihe muri Amerika no mu Burayi hari izirenga ibihumbi mirongo itatu."

"Iyi nzu ndangamurage ntisanzwe kubera ko niyo yonyine ihuriza hamwe umurage nyafurika."

Rwiyemezamirimo uzayubaka ni James Inedu-George, umunyanijeriya uzwi cyane ho kwinjiza umuco nyafurika mu bwubatsi bwe.

Ikimenyetso cyatoranyijwe gushyirwa kuri iyo nzu ndangamurage ni ihembe, akaba ari igikoresho cy'itumanaho kibwira abantu ko ubuhanzi, ubuvanganzo n'umuco n'amateka bya Afurika bigiye kongera guhabwa agaciro.

Uyu mushinga uterwa inkunga n'impano z'abagiraneza kandi uzatwara amadolari abarirwa kuri miliyoni 50.

Abantu bakomeye bawushyigikiye cyane, barimo Perezida Akufo-Addo, batekereza ko ayo mafaranga atazaba apfuye ubusa.

Usibye ibihangano n'ibikoresho byifashishwa mu bushakashatsi, iyi nzu ndangamurage izaba kandi ifite ubusitani burimo ibihangano bikozwe mu biti, ubusitani burimo ibyatsi n'ahantu hakorerwa iminsi mikuru, ibitaramo by'umuzika, sinema n'amamurika-gurisha byose bifitanye isano na Afurika.

Igice cyahariwe ukwihangira udushya cy'iyi nzu ndangamurage kizaba ari ahantu urubyiruko ruzunguranira ibitekerezo bishya kuri ejo hazaza nyuma yo kuyisura.

Iyi nzu ndangamurage izateganya ahantu hafite ubuso bwa acre ebyiri hazashyirwa ibisa na bumwe mu bwami bwa Afurika bwatoranijwe bwo mu gihe cya kera ndetse nubu.

Izerekana amateka yabwo, ubuhanzi n'umuco byabwo kandi abantu bavane amasomo mu buhanga, ubugeni n'ubumenyi abari batuye muri ubwo bwami bari bafite byaranze abanyafurika kugeza iki gihe.

Aha rero niho aba "bimukira b'abanyafurika" benshi nababwiye haruguru bazatura.

Bwana Yankah yizeye ko iyi nzu ndangamurage izakosora ibidasobanurwa neza mu murage wacu.

"Umurage wacu warasahuwe, ukwiha agaciro kwacu kuragabanuka kubera ko amateka yacu ndetse nuko tubayeho ubu bidasobanurwa neza, ugasanga rero tudaha agaciro imigani ya kera irimo ubwenge ndetse n'ubumenyi bw'abasogokuru bacu tukabwirengagiza; ahubwo ugasanga mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi dushyira imbere, n'ishema ryinshi, ibyavuzwe n'abantu b'abanyamahanga kuri twe."

Ahubwo, nkuko nyakwigendera umwanditsi Chinua Achebe wo muri Nigeria yabivuze: "Kugeza igihe cyose intare zizaba zitifiye abanyamateka bazo, amateka y'ubuhigi azahora ashimakaza umuhigi."

Rero, twe abanyafurika ubu dufite ikaramu, uburoso busiga irangi n'ikibaho kinini cyo gushushanyirizaho - ubu igihe kirageze kugira ngo tubare inkuru yacu.