Ingene kuvana ingabo za SADC muri Mozambique bishobora gutuma akarere kizizirwa n'intagondwa z'aba Islam

“Iyo bamenya ko ndi umukozi wa reta, bari guca banca umutwe,” Tomas Alberto, umukozi wa reta mu buraruko bwa Mozambique, niko yabwiye BBC.

Avuga ko yagize imana akarusimba.

Mu kwezi guheze, arandamutse aho yari aryamye mu gicugu, Tomas yarabiye mw'idirisha abona abagabo bane bahagaze imbere y'inzu yiwe. Yaciye atekerwa n'ubwoba aca ahungira mw'ishamba aho yamaze iminsi itatu yinyegeje atunzwe n'imyumbati.

"Nagize amahirwe kuko barantutse gusa igihe nariko ndiruka,'' niko avuga.

Kw'itariki 10 z'ukwezi kwa gatanu, abantu bo muri Macomia, igisagara co mu ntara ya Cabo Delgado, bavyuwe n'urwamo rw'ibigwanisho bikomakomeye.

Intagondwa z'aba Islam zifitaniye isano na Islamic State bateye inyubakwa n'ibirindiro vya reta hanyuma basahura amazu y'ubudandarizo n'ayo ububiko. Abo bagwanyi bamaze iminsi ibiri bugarije ako karere, gasigara karangwa n'ubwoba n'akajagari mu bantu.

Abo bagwanyi barateye kandi ivuriro ry'ishirahamwe 'Médecins Sans Frontières' (MSF), batwara imiduga, imiti n'ibindi bikoresho vyo kwa muganga. Iryo shirahamwe rivuga ko ata kundi ryari rifise ryogira atari ukwimura abakozi baryo no guhagarika ibikorwa muri Macomia.

Alfane Mussa, umugabo w'abana batanu, yabwiye BBC ko yafashwe agasambishwa n'abagabo batanu bafise inkoho.

''Bari bambaye imyambaro ya gisirikare bafise ibigwanisho biremereye,'' niko avuga.

''Bambwiye ngo niruke mw'ishamba canke naho banyice hamwe noguma mu gisagara.'' Mussa avuga ko vyafashe iminsi ibiri kugira ingabo za reta zishike kwunganira izihasanzwe, ariko ico gihe abo bagwanyi bari bamaze kuhava.

Abantu barenga 700 barahunze iyo ntambara ya vuba, nk'uko bivugwa n'ishami rya ONU riraba abimukira OIM/IOM. Abasigayeyo, nka Mussa na Alberto, ntibagira aho bivuza, nta matara bagira, kandi bamana ubwoba bwo gusubira guterwa.

Ingabo ziriko zirasubira iwabo

Ishirahamwe ry'ibihugu vya Afrika yo mu bumanuko (SADC ) ryarungitse abasirikare muri Mozambique bava mu bihugu 8, ryavuze ko gushika itariki 15 Mukakaro (7) izo ngabo zizoba zavuyeyo, aho rikaba rihagaze ku kiringo ryari ryihaye c'imyaka itatu.

Ariko abihweza ibibazo vy'umutekano mu karere bashikiriza amakenga ko ivyo bishobora kuba bigira bikorwe hataragera - imbere y'uko ako karere karonka amaragamo.

Botswana na Lesotho vyo bija vyaramaze kuvanayo abasirikare bavyo, mu gihe Angola na Namibia navyo biri mu nzira yo kubatahana. Ariko ikinyamakuru c'abikorera ku giti cabo 'Zambeze' i Maputo canditse ko Tanzania, ihana urubibe na Mozambique mu buraruko, izogumizayo abasirikare 300.

Dastan Kweka, umuhinga mu vy'intwaro akorera Dar- e s-Salaam, yabwiye BBC ko abategetsi bafise impungenge ko umutekano uzoca usubira inyuma kuruta uko vyari.

Afrika y'Epfo, ubu ifise abasirikare 1000 muri izo ngabo za SADC ivuga ko izogumiza ingabo zayo muri Mozambique gushika mu mpera za 2024, ariko bitari mu rwego rw'ubutumwa bwa SADC.

Uruhara rw'Urwanda

Muri Ndamukiza (4), Urwanda rwamenyesheje ko ruzorungika abandi basirikare 2000 muri Mozambique.

Brigadier General Ronald Rwivanga, umuvugizi w'ingabo z'Urwanda, yabwiye BBC ko 'ari ukwongereza' inguvu zabo gusa. Iyo ngingo ntaho ihuriye no kuba SADC iriko iravanayo ingabo zayo canke n'ivyo bitero vya vuba, nk'uko yabivuze.

Igihe Urwanda rwarungika abasirikare barwo 1000 ba mbere muri Mozambique mu 2021, reta yari yavuze ko yari igamije gushigikira utwigoro two kugarukana ubutegetsi bwa reta ya Mozambique biciye mu bikorwa vyo kurwana no gucungera umutekano, hamwe no gusubiramwo itunganywa ry'igisata c'umutekano.

Ivyo vyakurikiye amazerano atari make yumvikanyweko n'ivyo bihugu bibiri mu 2018.

Abo basirikare Urwanda rwongeyeko bazokwuzuza igihengeri kizoba gisizwe n'ingabo za SADC mu buraruko bwa Mozambique.

Meron Elias, umuhinga w'ikigo ICG yihweza ibibazo vy'umutekano mu buseruko n'ubumanuko bwa Afrika, avuga ko ubutumwa bwa SADC muri Mozambique bufise ikibazo c'uburyo, mu gihe buzera ubushobozi ku ntererano y'ibihugu birigize, kugira bubandanye.

Uwo mugore avuga ko iryo shirahamwe ubu rishimikiye ku gufasha reta ya Repuburika ya Demokarasi ya Congo kugarukana amahoro n'umutekano. Mu kwezi kwa Kigarama (12) umwaka wa 2023, SADC yarungitse ingabo muri ico gihugu kugira zigifashe kugwanya imigwi yitwaje ibigwanisho.

Ibitero bishasha muri Cabo Delgado

Umugwi al-Shabaab wo muri Mozambique - ataho uhiriye n'uwufise izina nk'iryo nyene wo muri Somalia - ugwana muri Cabo Delgado kuva mu 2017. Abagwanyi bawo bamaze kwica abantu baharurwa mu majana, abandi bateshwa ingo zabo, ibisagara n'ibigwati baraturira.

Bagwana kugira bagenzure iyo ntara yuzuye ubutunzi kama burimwo gaz n'ubutare butandukanye. Kubera ibitero, muri Mukakaro (7) mu 2021, kompanyi yo mu Bufaransa yimba ibitoro na gaz 'Total Energies' yarahagaritse umugambi wayo wa miriyaridi 20 z'ama dorari wo gucukura gaz.

Hamaze kuza ingabo za SADC n'iz'Urwanda zashikiye umwaka umwe, amashirahamwe y'abagiraneza hamwe na reta bavuze ko umutekano wateye imbere mu bice bimwe bimwe kandi ko ubuzima busanzwe bwariko buragaruka.

Ariko, ako gahengwe ntikatevye.

Kuva muri Kigarama(12) mu 2023, ibitero vyasubiye kwiyongera. Abantu barenga 110.000 barataye in go zabo nk'uko bivugwa n'ishami rya ONU riraba abimukira.

Tomas Queface, umushakashatsi w'urubuga rukora imyihwezo Cabo Ligado rukurikirana ivy'intureka yo muri Mozambique, avuga ko izo ntagondwa zashoboye gufata Macomia zikayimarana ico gihe cose kuko zinjije abagwanyi bashasha, barimwo abana.

Icegeranyo ca 'Human Rights' kivuga ko hari abantu babiri bo mu muryango umwe bavuga ko babonye umwana wabo w'imyaka 13 ariko arasahura hamwe n'abo bagwanyi muri ico gitero.

Ivyo bivuze iki ku karere?

Mu 2020, abo bagwanyi bo muri Mozambique barateye ibigwati hakurya muri Tanzania, bica abantu hafi 25, barasahura amazu y'ubudandarizo baturira n'ingo.

Kuva ico gihe Tanzania yaciye ikomeza umutekano wayo mu gushinga amasaha y'imikwabu mu bigwati bimwe bimwe, yongereza ibikorwa vyo gukizura inagabanya uruja n'uruza hagati y'ivyo bihugu.

Dastan Kweka yavuze ko n'ubwo uwo mukenyuro uri n'ico washitseko wasavye uburyo bwinshi. Amafaranga Tanzania ikoresha mu kwivuna abansi yiyongeye ku rugero rwa 10% buri mwaka kuva mu 2021.

Hagati aho hari ubwoba ko hamwe izo ntagondwa zo muri Cabo Delgado zosubira gukomera ibindi bihugu bihana urubibe n'uburaruko bwa Mozambique nka Malawi navyo bishobora guhungabana nk'uko bivugwa na Meron Elias.

Avuga ko haja hari urufatangane rw'akarere ruriko rurakomera hagati ya al-Shabab yo muri Mozambique na Allied Defence Forces (ADF) - ifitaniye isano na ISIS - ikorera muri Congo no mu bice vya Uganda.