Ico ukwiye kumenya ku cibutso ca GENOCOST ca Congo

Harashize imyaka itatu, Republika ya Demokarasi ya Congo yibuka ubwicanyi yise ubukorwa ku nyungu z'ubutunzi, yahaye izina rya "Genocost". Ukwo kwibuka kuba kw'igenekerezo rya 2 Myandagaro buri mwaka, bakibuka amamiliyoni y'abanye Congo bishwe mu ntambara zasambuye igihugu mu myaka irenga mirongo itatu.

Uyu mwaka, uwo muhango wabereye ku mugaragaro i Kinshasa ku cibutso ca Genocost. Iyo nyubako y'icibutso irimwo amabuye y'agaciro 93, urubeya rutazima rwo kwibuka abapfuye bose, be n'ibintu bimwe bimwe vyabo. Kimwe mu ntumbero z'ico gikorwa co kwibuka ni ukwereka isi urugero rw'ubukari bw'ubwicanyi n'ubundi bugizi bwa nabi bukorwa mu gihugu cose.

Emmanuella Zandi, icegera c'umuyobozi mukuru w'Ikigega c'Igihugu kijejwe gufasha abantu bahuye n'ihohotera rifatiye ku gitsina, rishingiye ku ndyane, hamwe n'abandi bahuye n'amabi ashingiye ku kubangamira amahoro n'umutekano wa kiremwa muntu (FONAREV), yavuze ati: "Uyu musi ni uwuhambaye cane ku bashikiwe n'ivyago. Ni akaryo ko kwemera ko ayo mabi yabaye, ko hakozwe ivyaha bikomeye birenga ku mategeko mpuzamakungu yubahiriza kiremwa muntu, n'ayahungabanya agateka ka zina muntu, ndetse na jenoside."

Ku ruhande rwiwe, umukuru w'igihugu ca RD Congo yasavye inama nshingamateka gutora ingingo yemeza jenoside yabereye muri Republika ya Demokarasi ya Congo.

"Ndasaba cane inzego zishinga amategeko zompi kwihweza, vuba bishoboka, ingingo yo kwemeza ku mugaragaro icemezo kimenyesha, mw'izina ry'Igihugu, ko hakozwe ama jenoside ku butaka bwacu. Ivyo ntibizoba ari ikimenyetso gusa, ariko ni igikorwa c'ubwigenge ku kuri n'ukwibuka", niko Felix Tshisekedi avuga.

Kubera iki batoye igenekerezo rya 2 /08 ?

Iyo tariki niyo yerekana igihe hatangura intambara yiswe iya kabiri ya RD Congo. Muri Myandagaro 1998, umuhari witwaje ibirwanisho wiyita Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie - RCD wateye igisagara ca Goma ushigikiwe n'u Rwanda na Uganda. Ivyo ni vyo vyaciye biba intandaro y'intambara imaze imyaka irenga 30.

Abantu barenga imiliyoni 10 barapfuye, abanye Congo baharugwa muri za miliyoni barafatwa ku nguvu, bacirwa ibihimba vy'umubiri, n'ubundi bubisha butandukanye, nk'uko bigaragara muri raporo nyinshi zasohowe n'abahinga bo muri ico gihugu n'abo mw'ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU.

Ibikomere vy'abahuye n' ingaruka z'amabi ….

Kugeza ubu, abantu barenga 400.000 nibo bamaze kwandikwa ko bahuye n' ingaruka bakeneye gufashwa kuva ibikorwa vyo kumenya abazize izo ntambara bitangura, nk'uko bivugwa na Patrick Fata, umuyobozi mukuru wa Fonarev, mu kiganiro yagiranye na BBC.

Mu gihe bamwe bariko baragerageza gusubira kwubaka ubuzima bwabo, abandi baracari mu kababaro kubera ivyo bibuka. Ivyo ni vyo vyashikiye Neno Luhundela Asani, yacitse kw'icumu ry'ayo mabi y'intambara muri Kivu y'Epfo yiganye ababaye uko vyamugendeye, ati: "Hari ku wa 28 Gitugutu 1996. Twarabonye abagwanyi ba AFDL (urunani rw'imigwi yari irongowe na Laurent Desire Kabila rwitwa Alliance des Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Congo-Zaïre), Abanyarwanda, bashika mu gisagara cacu ca Ngulube, muri Fizi. Batanguye kuturasa maze baturira n'ishengero, ni jewe jenyene narokotse, ariko abana banje indwi n'abagore banje babiri barapfuye, nk'uko nyene umugore wa musazanje, abana babo, n'umukuru w'igisagara bapfuye. Iyo ndavyibutse ndarira, ndasuka amarira, kandi vyarampahamuye cane."

Uwundi muntu yarokotse, wo mu ntara ya Tshopo, yaracitse amaguru yompi mu ntambara y'imisi itandatu yabereye mu gisagara ca Kisangani mu 2000. Iyo ntambara yatumye ingabo z'Urwanda n'iza Uganda zirwanira ku butaka bwa RD Congo.

"Igitigiri c'amabombe yagwa cari giteye ubwoba, hanyuma igisasu kigwa munsi y'igitanda aho twari. Kandi ico gitero caramenaguye amaguru," ni ko yibuka mu mutima.

Amaguru yiwe yompi amaherezo yaraciwe n'abaganga kugira ngo ntabore ngo atere ubwandu ibindi bice vy'umubiri.

"Ku myaka icenda, ubuzima bwanje bwarasenyutse. Nakoze iki kugira ngo mbe nkwiriye ivyo? Ubuzima bwanje bwarasambutse; uno musi, ndacababazwa kubera ivyaturutse ku bantu ataco duhuriyeko. Kandi uno musi, nambara ibikoresho bisubirira ingingo bigurwa amadolari 5.000. Aya mahera azokwama ava hehe?" uko niko yibuka mu gahinda kenshi n'amarira mu maso.

Akamo ku butungane mpuzamakungu

Mu gihugu, hakomeza kwumvikana amajwi menshi asaba ubutungane ku bashikiwe n'ivyaha vyakozwe mu myaka 30 iheze.

Ni nk'umwe mu banyapolitike batavuga rumwe n'ubutegetsi Martin Fayulu, yatanze ubutumwa ku rubuga X (Twitter) ati: "Abagandaguriwe ababo muri Congo baracarindiriye ubutungane n'indishi, naho hari ibimenyamenya vyinshi. Ugucamwo ibice (Balkanisation) kuri mu nteguro kuri RDC, biriko biratuma ubu bugizi bwa nabi bukorwa ku bwinshi budahera. Ntitwoguma tureze amaboko, tuje hamwe mu gihugu catuvyaye: reka tuvyure urugamba duhangane n'ibiduhanze kugirango bene wacu baruguyeko o ntibibagirwe burundu."

Uwatsindiye agashimwe ka Nobel k'amahoro nawe yagiye kwunamira abazize izo ntambara abicishije mu butumwa bwo ku mbuga hwaniro, bwatangajwe mu binyamakuru vyo muri RD Congo. Denis Mukwege yasavye ko "amamiliyoni y'abanye Congo bashikiwe n'ivyago bahabwa ubutungane." Kuri we, ''nta masezerano ashobora gutuma haba amahoro aramba, aciye mu guheba ubutungane no kutubahiriza amategeko mpuzamakungu (...)''.

Abaharanira uburenganzira bwa kiremwa muntu na bo nyene ntibasigaye inyuma. Ku bwa Fred Bauma, umukuru w'ikigo kijejwe ubushakashatsi ku vya politique muri Congo, ivy'uburongozi n'ubugizi bwa nabi -Ebuteli, avuga ko GENOCOST yerekana inshingano yo kutibagirwa imyaka 30 y'intambara, n'abahuye n'izo ntambara "bakirindiriye ubutungane." Asaba abategetsi kwihatira guhagarika intambara.

Ku ruhande rwiwe, umushikiranganji w'agateka ka zina muntu, Chantal Chambu Mwavita, yasavye cane ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu n'ibihugu bigize Ubumwe bwa Afirika ko hoshingwa sentare mpuzamakungu idasanzwe yoshirirwaho RD Congo, nayo itariki ya 2 Myandagaro ikemezwa nk'umusi mpuzamakungu wahariwe GENOCOST, asaba ko ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU ryohimiriza kugirango abagiriwe ayo mabi bahozwe amarira.

Kumenya abahuye n'ingaruka z'ayo mabi

Fonarev ivuga ko iriko irakora uko ishoboye kwose kugira ngo "Genocost", hamwe na jenoside yakozwe muri Congo vyemerwe n'amakungu.

Intumbero y'iryo shirahamwe ni ugushinga uburyo bwo gusubiza abo bantu bashikiwe n'ivyago agateka kabo, haba mu kubashigikira mu vy'imibereho no kubaronsa uburyo bw' amafaranga, kubashigikira mu mategeko no kubavuza.

Fonarev yatanguje ku mugaragaro igikorwa co kwegeranya intonde z'abakozweko n'ubwo bugizi bw nabi, buturutse ku ntambara be n'ivyaha bihungabanya amahoro n'umutekano.

Patrick Fata, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Fonarev, agira ati: "Turafise abantu barenga 400.000 bamenyekanye gushika ubu, ariko tuvuga ko dufise abantu barenga miliyoni 10 bashikiwe n'ivyago. Rero murashobora kwiyumvira ubunini bw'ico gikorwa (kiturindiriye). Ntibizoshika mu mwaka umwe canke ibiri, kuko Fonarev, mu vy'ukuri nta myaka ibiri irarenza itanguye gukora , iyikwiza uku kwezi kwa 8. Haracari vyinhsi vyo gukora, ariko turiko turatera intambwe, biriko bigenda neza."

Fata ati: "Mu kwemera ku mugaragaro imibabaro y'abahuye n' ingaruka z'izo ntambara, Fonarev izoba iriko ishiraho umushinge wo gutanga indishi ziboneka, kandi izoba itanze ubutumwa bwerekeza ku gusomora ibikomere vya kera.

Intambwe zikurikira z'urugendo rwo kumenya no gutanga indishi zizokomeza iyo nzira y'ubutungane n'indishi kugira ngo kazoza kabe kabereye kuri bose kandi karangwe n'amahoro

Ku bwa Patrick Fata, iyo nzira igereranya intambwe ya mbere yo kwemera akababaro abazize izo ntambara babayemwo, kubaronsa indishi y'akababaro ikenewe mu kubomora ibikomere vya kahise. Intambwe zikurikira zo kwegeranya imyirondoro yabo no kubaha impozamarira zizoba zije kwuzuza ico gikorwa co kubaronsa ubutungane no kubirura mu ntumbero yo kwubaka kazoza karangwamwo amahoro.

Urugamba rurondera ko jenoside yo muri RDC yemerwa n'amakungu

Ku bwa Patrick Fata, hariho ingingo zimwe zimwe zitegerezwa kwubahirizwa hakurikijwe ivyanditswe bigenzura ivy'itsembabwoko.

"Twatanguye gutegura ikarata y'inzira biciye mu nama yo guhanahana ivyiyumviro twakoze

Muri Nzero (1), aho twari twaganiriye ku bijanye n'ugufata ingingo (ko twakorewe genocost) n'ukuraba ibisabwa ngo yemerwe n'amakungu nka Genocost, kuko atari jenoside gusa twayise jenoside yakorewe abanye Congo hagamijwe inyungu z'ubutunzi."

Kuri we, si agasesehwarumuri ko ivyo abanye Congo bamaze imyaka mirongo bababariramwo bifise intumbero imwe gusa: gukoresha nabi ubutunzi kama bwaho n'ibidukikije mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko, uno musi ubwo butunzi bukaba bukoreshwa mu buhinga bwose buteye imbere cane, kuva kuri za telefone ngendanwa canke amabateri y'umuyagankuba.

Kimwe mu vyiyumviro vyatanzwe na Fonarev ni ugutangura kwubaka ivyiyumviro bishigikira ukubaho kw'iyo Genocost no kuyigaragaza, nk'uko umuyobozi mukuru wa Fonarev yabivuze mu kiganiro yagiranye na BBC.

Yagize ati: "Muri iyo nzira niho hateguwe inama, itahuza abantu bo muri Congo gusa, ariko n'abahinga bo mu nzego zitandukanye, baba abahinga mu vya kahise, abashingwamanza canke abandi, bafata umwanya wo gusuzuma bimwe bikomeye ivyabaye muri RDC, kugira ngo basigure ingene genocide ikora." Ivyo nivyahera, tuzogira ibiganiro bizotuma ivyo dusaba bikomeza kwumvikana no kurushiriza kwizerwa ku rwego mpuzamakungu kugira ngo ivyo bimaze imyaka mirongo bibera muri RDC vyemezwe ku mugaragaro."