Uko twabonye umuntu uhigwa bikomeye i Burayi ku kwinjiza abimukira

Nicaye mu iguriro rinini muri Iraq, ndarebana mu maso n’umwe mu bantu ruharwa mu kwinjiza abimukira i Burayi mu buryo butemewe.

Yitwa Barzan Majeed, ahigwa na polisi zo mu bihugu byinshi by’i Burayi birimo n’Ubwongereza.

Mu kiganiro cyacu – haba hano no ku munsi wakurikiyeho mu biro bye – yambwiye ko atazi umubare w’abimukira yambukije English Channel/La Manche, itandukanya Ubufaransa n’Ubwongereza.

“Wenda ni igihumbi, wenda ni 10,000. Simbizi, sinigeze mbabara.”

Guhura kwacu kwari iherezo n’umukoro wasaga n’udashoboka kuva mu mezi yari ashize.

Hamwe na Rob Lawrie, wahoze ari umusirikare ubu ukora mu by’impunzi, narahagurutse njya gushaka no kubaza ikibazo uwo mugabo uzwi ku izina rya Scorpion.

Mu myaka itanu, we n’itsinda rye bagenzuraga ubucuruzi bwo gutwara abimukira – mu mato n’amakamyo – bakabinjiza mu Bwongereza.

Kuva mu 2018 abimukira barenga 70 barapfuye barimo kwambuka n’utwato dutoya – mu kwezi gushize, abantu batanu barapfuye bagerageza ibyo, barimo umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka irindwi.

Ni urugendo ruteye ubwoba, ariko ku bakora ubwo bucuruzi bibaha amafaranga menshi.

Baca amapawundi 6,000 (hafi miliyoni 10Frw) ku muntu umwe mu bwato – mu gihe mu 2023 abagera ku 30,000 bagerageje kwambuka, inyungu bashobora kuba bakuramo iragaragara.

Amatsiko yacu kuri Scorpion yatangiye ubwo twahuraga n’umwana w’umukobwa muri imwe mu nkambi z’abimukira iri i Calais mu majyaruguru y’Ubufaransa.

Yari agiye gupfa arimo kugerageza kwambuka English Channel/La Manche ari kumwe n’abandi benshi mu bwato butoya bahaga n’umwuka.

Ako kato ntabwo kagenewe kwambuka inyanja – kari gahendutse, bakaguze n’uwagakoresheje mu Bubiligi – kandi abantu 19 bari bakarimo nta myambaro irinda kurohama bari bambaye.

Ni inde wohereje abantu mu nyanja gutya?

Iyo polisi mu Bwongereza ifashe abimukira batemewe, ifata telephone zabo ngo ikore iperereza.

Kuva mu 2016, hari nimero imwe yakomeje kugaruka.

Umunyamakuru Sue Michell wa BBC, hamwe n’umukorerabushake Rob Lawrie, barahagurutse bajya ku muhigo ukomeye w’umwe mu bagabo bahigwa cyane ukuriye abandi bose bakora buriya bushabitsi bwo kwinjiza abantu bitemewe i Burayi.

Ku gahimbano ka Scorpion, uyu mugabo yinjije abantu ibihumbi mu Bwongereza gusa, kandi ntarafatwa.

Martin Clarke, umukozi mu iperereza ry’ikigo cy’Ubwongereza gikurikirana ibyaha, National Crime Agency (NCA), yatubwiye ko batangiye kubona ko “Scorpion” ashobora kuba ari umu-Kurde wo muri Iraq witwa Barzan Majeed.

Ubwo yari afite imyaka 20 mu 2006, Majeed nawe yinjijwe bitemewe mu Bwongereza ari inyuma mu gikamyo. Nubwo atari yemerewe kuhaguma, yagumye muri icyo gihugu imyaka myinshi nyuma y'icyo gihe – imwe muri yo myaka muri gereza afungiye gutunga imbunda cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge.

Nyuma yaje gusubizwa muri Iraq mu 2015. Nyuma gato yaho, bikekwa ko Majeed “yazunguye” mukuru we mu bucuruzi bwo gutwara abantu bitemewe, mu gihe uwo muvandimwe we yari afungiye mu Bubiligi.

Nibwo Majeed yafashe izina rya Scorpion.

Hagati ya 2016 na 2021, itsinda yari akuriye bikekwa ko ari ryo ryagenzuraga igice kinini cy’ubucuruzi bwo kwinjiza rwihishwa mu Burayi no mu Bwongereza.

‘Operation’ ya polisi yamaze imyaka ibiri yatumye abantu 26 bo muri iryo tsinda rye bacirwa imanza mu nkiko zo mu Ububiligi, Ubwongereza n’Ubufaransa.

Ariko Scorpion ubwe ntibyashotse ko afatwa ni uko akomeza kwihisha.

Adahari, yaciriwe urubanza mu Bubiligi ahamwa n’ibyaha 121 byo kwinjiza abantu rwihishwa. Mu Ukwakira (10) 2022, yakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 10 n’ihazabu ya €968,000 (hafi miliyari 1.5 Frw).

Kuva icyo gihe, nta wigeze amenya aho Scorpion aherereye. Iri niryo yobera twashakaga gukuraho.

Umuntu uziranye na Rob Lawrie yaduhuje n’umugabo wo muri Iran uvuga ko yakoranyeho na Scorpion ubwo yariho agerageza kwambuka La Manche.

Scorpion yari yarabwiye uwo munya Iran ko we akorera muri Turkiya, aho yagenzuriraga ubwo bushabitsi bwe n’abamukorera bari hirya no hino.

Mu Bubiligi, twabashije kugera kuri mukuru wa Majeed – ubu wavuye muri gereza.

Nawe yavuze ko Scorpion ashobora kuba ari muri Turkiya.

Ku bimukira benshi berekeza mu Bwongereza, Turkiya ni ahantu h’ingenzi ho guhagurukira, kubera ko amategeko yaho ugereranyije yorohera abimukira, kandi urebye byoroshye kubona visa yo kwinjirayo uvuye muri Africa, Asia cyangwa uburasirazuba bwo hagati.

Undi muntu yaturangiye Café iri i Istanbul ihuriramo kenshi abantu bakora buriya bucuruzi bwo kwambutsa abantu.

Barzan Majeed yari aherutse aho.

Igerageza ryacu rya mbere ntiryagenze neza. Twabajije ‘manager’ w’aho niba yatubwira kuri ubwo bucuruzi – ibintu birahinduka.

Nyuma gato, umugabo yaciye iruhande rw’ameza yacu afungura ijaketi ye atwereka ko afite imbunda. Byari ukutuburira ko turimo gushakisha abantu bateye ubwoba.

Aho twakurikijeho havuye umusaruro utanga ikizere. Twabwiwe ko Majeed yari aherutse kuzana €200,000 (hafi miliyoni 300Frw) ku nzu ikora ivunja iri hafi aho. Twasize nimero yacu aho, maze hagati mu ijoro ryakurikiyeho, telephone ya Rob irasona.

Uwahamagaye yari yanditseho “Number withheld” – maze uri ku murongo avuga ko ari we Barzan Majeed.

Hari nijoro cyane kandi bitunguranye, uburyo nta mwanya wabonetse wo gufata amajwi intangiriro y’icyo kiganiro.

Rob yibuka uko bavugaye, ati: “Yarambwiye ngo, ‘Numvise ko urimo kunshaka.’ Ndavuga nti, “Uri inde? Scorpion’ ati, ‘Ha, urashaka kunyita gutyo? Nta kibazo.’”

Nta buryo wamenya niba koko uyu yari Barzan Majeed nyawe, ariko ibyo yarengejeho bihura n’ibyo twari tuzi. Yavuze ko yahoze aba i Nottingham kugeza mu 2015 ubwo yavanwaga mu Bwongereza. Ariko yahakanye ko akora business yo gutwara abantu bitemewe.

Ati: “Ibyo si ukuri! Ni itangazamakuru gusa.”

Umurongo wakomezaga gucika, kandi n’ubwo twakomeje kugerageza, nta kintu twagezeho cyatuma tumenya aho aherereye.

Nta gitekerezo cy’igihe cyangwa se niba azongera agahamagara. Hagati aho, undi muntu w’aho uziranye na Rob yatubwiye ko Scorpion ubu yari mu bikorwa byo kwinjiza abimukira mu Bugereki n’Ubutaliyani bavuye muri Turkiya.

Ibyo twumvise byari bibabaje. Abantu barenga 100, abagabo, abagore n’abana, bashyirwaga mu mato yagenewe gutwara abantu 12.

Ayo mato kenshi yatwarwaga n’abambutsa abantu badafite inararibonye mu gutwara amato, kandi bafataga inzira mbi cyane zo hagati y’ibirwa mu nyanja birinda kubonwa n’abarinda inkombe.

Aha harimo amafaranga menshi yo gukorera. Abagenzi bivugwa ko bishyuraga €10,000 (agera kuri miliyoni 14 Frw) ku muntu umwe ngo abone umwanya mu bwato.

Mu myaka irenga 10, abantu barenga 720,000 bivugwa ko bagerageje kwambuka inyanja ya Méditerranée binjira i Burayi – muri abo hafi 2,500 barapfuye, benshi barohamye.

Julia Schafermeyer, wo mu kigo SOS Mediterranean, avuga ko abambutsa abantu babashyira mu kaga gakomeye. “Sinibaza ko baba babyitayeho niba aba bantu bapfa cyangwa barokoka”.

Nk’icyo gihe, twagize amahirwe yo kubaza Scorpion icyo kibazo imbona nkubone. Mu buryo butunguranye nanone, yarongeye arahamagara.

Nanone yahakanye ko akora ubwo bucuruzi bwo gutwara abantu bitemewe. Ariko, uko asobanura ibi bikorwa wumvaga ari nkaho we ari umukozi aho kuba umukoresha.

Yagize ati: “Ugomba kuba uhari. Ariko n’ubu, si ho ndi.”

Yavuze ko we ari “urebana n’iby’amafaranga” gusa.

Majeed kandi wumvaga iby’abarohama bagapfa ntacyo bimubwiye.

Ati: “Imana iba yaranditse igihe uzapfira, ariko rimwe na rimwe hari igihe biba ari ikosa ryawe. Imana ntijya na rimwe ivuga ngo ‘Jya mu bwato’.”

Aho twakurikijeho ni ahantu hitwa Marmaris, polisi ya Turkiya ivuga ko bibaza ko Scorpion ahafite inzu ya villa. Twagiyeyo turabaza maze umugore araduhamagara kuri telephone atubwira ko yahoze ari inshuti ye.

Yari azi neza ko Majeed ari mu bikorwa byo gutwara abantu rwihishwa, kandi ko nubwo bimutera umujagararo ariko icyo yitayeho ari amafaranga aho kuba amaherezo y’abimukira.

Uyu mugore ati: “Ntabwo aba abitayeho – birababaje, sibyo? Ni ikintu ntekerezaho kikantera isoni kuko numvise ibintu kandi nari mbizi ko atari byiza.”

Yongeyeho ko adaheruka kubona Majeed muri Marmaris, nubwo hari umuntu wamubwiye ko ashobora kuba ari muri Iraq.

Ibyo byemejwe n’undi muntu, wavuze ko koko yabonye Scorpion ku nzu ivunja amafaranga i Sulaymaniyah, umujyi wo muri Iraq y’Abakurde.

Nuko turahaguruka. Iyo tutamusangayo twari kubivamo.

Ariko umuntu uziranye na Rob yabashije kumuvugisha. Bwa mbere, yari afite amakenga menshi, atinya ko dushaka kumucakira tukamusubiza i Burayi.

Hakurikiyeho uruhererekane rw’ubutumwa bugufi, bwa mbere biciye kuri wa muntu uziranye na Rob, noneho no kuri Rob ubwe. Scorpion yemeye ko dushobora guhura, ariko ari uko gusa ari we uhisemo aho duhurira.

Ibyo twarabyanze, dutinya ko yaba ari kutugusha mu mutego.

Nuko nyuma ubutumwa buraza, bubaza gusa buti: “Muri hehe?”

Nuko dusubiza ko turi kwerekeza ku iguriro. Scorpion atubwira ko tuhahurira muri Café iri kuri ‘etage’ ibanza.

Nuko, amaherezo turahura.

Barzan Majeed yasaga n’umukinnyi wa golf. Yari yambaye neza cyane, ikoboyi nshya, umupira w’ubururu na ‘gilet’ y’umukara.

Ashyize intoki ze kumeza nabonye ko inzara ze zisize neza.

Hagati aho, abagabo batatu bicaye ku meza yari iruhande rwacu. Twaketse ko ari itsinda rimurindira umutekano.

Nanone yongeye kuduhakanira ko ari umuntu w’ingenzi mu itsinda ry’abagizi ba nabi. Yavuze ko abantu bo muri iryo tsinda bashatse kumukwegeramo.

Ati: “Hari abantu iyo bafashwe bavuga ngo ‘Dukorana na we’. Bashaka kugabanyirizwa ibihano.”

Wabonaga kandi arakajwe n’uko hari abandi bambutsa abantu bitemewe babonye pasiporo z’Ubwongereza kandi bagakomeza ibyo bikorwa.

Ati: “Mu minsi itatu ishize, hari umuntu wohereje abantu 170 cyangwa 180 bava muri Turkiya bajya mu Butaliyani, kandi aracyafite pasiporo y’Ubwongereza! Ndashaka kwigira mu kindi gihugu gukora business.”

Tumuhase ibibazo ku ruhare rwe mu mpfu z’abimukira, yasubiyemo ibyo yavuze kuri telephone – ko we afata amafaranga agafatira imyanya abagenzi.

Kuri we, uwambutsa abantu ni ubashyira mu bwato no mu makamyo akabatwara. “Nta muntu nigeze nshyira mu bwato kandi nta muntu nishe.”

Ikiganiro cyararangiye, ariko Scorpion atumira Rob kureba ibikorwa byo kuvunja amafaranga yakoraga i Sulaymaniyah.

Byari ibiro bitoya – hari inyandiko ziri mu cyarabu ku idirishya na nimero nkeya za telephone. Abantu baza hano kwishyura ingendo. Rob yavuze ko ubwo yari ahari yabonye umugabo utwaye isanduku yuzuye cash.

Kuri iyi nshuro, Scorpion yamubwiye uko yagiye muri iyi business mu 2016, ubwo abantu ibihumbi bariho berekeza i Burayi.

Yagize ati: “Nta muntu ubibahatira. Ni ubushake bwabo. Bingigaga ababatwara ngo ‘nyabuneka, nyabuneka, nimudufashe.’ Rimwe na rimwe abatwara abantu baravuga bati ‘Kubw’Imana, reka mbafashe.’ Maze nyuma bakinuba ngo ‘ohh iki, ohh kiriya…’ Ibyo si byo.”

Hagati ya 2016 na 2019, Scorpion yavuze ko yari umwe mu bantu b’ibanze bakuriye ibyo bikorwa mu Bubiligi n’Ubufaransa, kandi yemeye ko icyo gihe yagenzuraga miliyoni z’amadorali.

Ati: “Nabakoreye ibitandukanye. Amafaranga, ahantu, abagenzi, ababambutsa…Nari hagati yabo bose.”

Yahakanye ko tuganira yari akiri muri ibi bikorwa, ariko ibikorwa bye binyuranye n’ibyo avuga.

Scorpion ntiyabibonye, ariko uko yazamuraga ibintu areba muri telephone ye, Rob yabashije kubona ifoto.

Icyo Rob yabonyeho ni urutonde rwa nimero za pasiporo. Nyuma twamenye ko abatwara abantu izo nimero bazoherereza abategetsi muri Iraq. Bakabaha ruswa kugira ngo babahe visa mpimbano zijyana abo bimukira muri Turkiya.

Aho niho duheruka kubona Scorpion.

Aho twageraga hose, twabwiraga abategetsi bo mu Bwongereza n’i Burayi ibyo twagezeho.

Ann Lukowiak, umugenzacyaha mu Bubiligi wagize uruhare mu guhamya ibyaha Scorpion, yizeye ko rimwe Iraq izamwohereza.

Ati: “Amaherezo tuzamucakira.”