Umuceri, fromage, abakobwa...Ibintu bitanu bitangaje ku ihindagurika ry'ikirere

Twese tuzi ibintu bitandukanye bishobora gufasha kugabanya gushyuha kurushaho kw'isi.

Kugabanya ingendo z'indege, guhindura imodoka zigakoresha amashanyarazi mu mwanya w'ibitoro, no gufata ifunguro ryiganjemo ibihingwa.

Ariko hari ibintu ushobora kuba utarabona neza ingaruka zabyo ku ihindagurika ry'ikirere.

Ibi ni ibintu bitanu bitazwi cyane ko bigira uruhare ku ihindagurika ry'ikirere.

1. Umuceri

Hejuru ya kimwe ya kabiri cy'abatuye isi barya umuceri nk'ikiribwa cy'ibanze, nk'uko Umuryango w'Abibumbye ubivuga.

Ariko ni igihingwa kigorana guhinga.

Bisaba amazi menshi cyane ngo imirima y'umuceri ibone ayo ikeneye kandi ibi bituma ubwo butaka buvamo imyuka ya methane, umwuka ufite ubukana buruta ubwa carbon dioxide.

Guhinga umuceri byihariye hagati ya 1 na 2% by'imyuka yose ihumanya abantu barekura, kandi gutema no gutwika ahari ibimera hagamijwe gukora imirima mishya y'umuceri nabyo byongera imyuka ya carbon dioxide mu kirere.

Abahanga ku isi bari gushakisha amoko mashya y'umuceri adasaba imirima yuzuye amazi ngo umuceri ukure, mu cyizere cyo kugabanya uruhare rw'umuceri mu gutuma isi ishyuha kurushaho..

2. Gushakisha kuri internet

Gushakisha guto kuri internet gutuma hari garama nkeya za carbon dioxide zitumuka, kubera ingufu bisaba kwatsa igikoresho cyawe no guha umuriro inziramugozi (wireless network) ukoresha.

Bishobora kumvikana nk'ibito cyane, ariko imibare mishya ivuga ko hari miliyari 4.66 z'abakoresha internet ku isi, gato gato rero kaba kinini.

Buri munsi kw'isi abantu bareba ibintu bifite amasaha abarirwa muri za miliyari kuri YouTube.

Mugihe Google, ikoresha uru rubuga, yo ikoresha ingufu zidahumanya mu guha amashanyarazi 'servers/serveurs' zayo, kureba izi video bitera imyuka ihumanya ku ruhande rw'abazireba.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2016 na kaminuza ya Bristol mu Bwongereza bwasanze abantu bareba YouTube bakora hafi toni 11.13 z'imyuka ya carbon dioxide.

Iyo myuka ingana n'imyuka ihumanya iva mu mujyi ungana na Glasgow (aho inama ya COP26 iri kubera).

3. Ibidamu

Iyo ubutaka bugomewe kugira ngo hakorwe ikidamu (dam), ibimera n'ibindi bintu byarengewe bitangira kubora bigakora methane - kimwe nk'uko bigenda mu mirima y'umuceri.

Abashakashatsi bo muri Washington State University-Vancouver basanze ku isi ibidamu byihariye ibisaga 1.3% by'imyuka ihumanya ikirere umuntu akora ku mwaka - iyo ingana n'imyuka yose hamwe Canada irekura.

Gusa ariko, byinshi mu bidamu binakoreshwa nk'ingomero zitanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi.

Ibi nibyo bitanga ingufu nyinshi zidahumanya, amashanyarazi adafite carbon nyinshi ashobora gukoreshwa mu mwanya w'akorwa n'ibitoro bityo bikaba byaruta methane iva muri ibi bidamu ubwabyo.

4. Fromage/Cheese

Bishobora kugutungura ko fromage/cheese ari ikintu cya gatatu gikora imyuka ya carbon myinshi mu ruganda rw'inyama n'ibikomoka ku matungo, inyuma y'inyama z'inka n'iz'intama.

Kuri buri kilograma imwe iriwe ya fromage hakorwa imyuka ingana na 13.5Kg ya carbon dioxide, bigatuma iba hejuru ku rutonde rw'ibyangiza ikirere kurusha inkoko, ingurube, ifi cyangwa dindon/turkey.

Litiro zigera ku 10 z'amata zikoreshwa mu gukora 1Kg ya cheese kubera kuvuza, nubwo fromage zoroheje zikoresha amata macye, bityo zikaba zagira ingaruka nke ku bidukikije.

Urwego rw'ibikomoka ku matungo ku isi rwihariye 4% y'imyuka umuntu akora ihumanya igirwamo uruhare n'inka n'andi matungo, kuko ayo matungo arekura ingano nini ya methane, nk'uko tubizi yangiza ikirere kurusha carbon dioxide.

5. Kwigisha abakobwa

Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko iyo abagore n'abakobwa bagiye ku ishuri bakagira amahirwe angana n'aya basaza babo, biha ingufu kurengera ikirere mu nzira zitandukanye.

Umugore warangije amashuri yisumbuye aba afite amahirwe yo kuzabyara abana bari munsi ho umwe ku mugore warangije amashuri abanza gusa.

Uku kugabanya imbyaro bigira akamaro mu kugabanya umubare w'abatuye uyu mubumbe bityo bikagabanya umubare w'abantu bakora imyuka ihumanya ikirere.

Uburezi kandi buha ubumenyi abagore n'abakobwa bakaba abafite ijambo rikomeye mu kurengera ikirere.

Inyigo zinyuranye zerekanye ko ibihugu bifite abagore benshi mu nteko ishingamategeko biba bifite amahirwe menshi yo gusinya amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo kurengera ibidukikije.

Ko ibyo bihugu kandi biba bishobora gushyiraho ubutaka bukomye no gutora amategeko yo kurengera ibidukikije.

Inzobere muri 'sustainability science' Professor Kimberley Nicholas ati: "Kwigisha abagore no kubaha imbaraga mu muryango ni ingenzi kuri uyu mubumbe, ariko ntabwo ari ku ihindagurika ry'ikirere gusa bagomba kubona aya mahirwe - ahubwo kuko ari isi nshaka kubamo."