UK, US na Australia byatangaje ko byagiranye amasezerano yo guhangana na China

Ubwongereza, Amerika na Australia byatangaje ko byagiranye amasezerano yihariye yo mu rwego rw'umutekano yo gusaraganya ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu bya gisirikare, mu muhate wo guhangana n'Ubushinwa.

Ubu bufatanye buzatuma ku nshuro ya mbere Australia ishobora kubaka amato (ubwato) yo munsi y'inyanja akoreshwa n'ingufu za nikleyeri.

Ubu bufatanye, buzitwa AUKUS, buzaba buri mu rwego rw'imashini zikoresha ubuhanga bwo kwigana imikorere ya muntu (artificial intelligence/intelligence artificielle), ubuhanga buzwi nka quantum ndetse n'ibijyanye n'umutekano wo kuri mudasobwa.

Ibi bihugu bitatu bihangayikishijwe n'ingufu z'Ubushinwa zikomeje kwiyongera, ndetse no kuba buri mu karere k'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'inyanja ya Pacifique.

Ubushinwa bwamaganye ayo masezerano buvuga ko arimo "kudashyira mu gaciro gukomeye cyane".

Zhao Lijian, umuvugizi wa minisiteri y'ububanyi n'amahanga y'Ubushinwa, yavuze ko "abangamiye bikomeye amahoro n'ituze mu karere kandi ko akajije kurushanwa mu kwibikaho intwaro".

Ambasade y'Ubushinwa i Washington yavuze ko ibihugu "bidakwiye kubaka inkuta zigira abo ziheza [zikumira]".

Aya masezerano yanateje ubushyamirane n'Ubufaransa, bwatakaje kontaro bwari bufitanye na Australia yo kuyubakira amato 12 yo munsi y'inyanja.

Minisitiri w'ububanyi n'amahanga w'Ubufaransa Jean-Yves Le Drian yabwiye Radio France Info ati: "Rwose ni ugusogotwa [guterwa icyuma] mu mugongo".

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo ishize ubu ari bumwe mu bufatanye bunini bubayeho bwo mu rwego rwa gisirikare hagati y'ibi bihugu bitatu.

Banavuga ko ashobora kuba ari yo masezerano ya mbere akomeye cyane yo mu rwego rw'umutekano abayeho hagati y'ibyo bihugu kuva intambara ya kabiri y'isi yarangira.

Nubwo Amerika, Ubwongereza na Australia bimaze igihe kirekire ari inshuti, aya masezerano ashyize mu nyandiko ndetse ashimangira ubufatanye bisanganywe mu bya gisirikare.

Ubu bufatanye bushya buzibanda ku kongera ubushobozi mu bya gisirikare, bukaba butandukanye n'ubusanzweho bwo guhanahana amakuru y'ubutasi mu itsinda rizwi nka Five Eyes (cyangwa amaso atanu) ririmo na Canada na New Zealand.

Ku wa gatatu, Perezida w'Amerika Joe Biden, Minisitiri w'intebe w'Ubwongereza Boris Johnson na mugenzi we wa Australia Scott Morrison, basohoye itangazo bahuriyeho ritangiza ubu bufatanye bushya bwo mu rwego rw'umutekano.

Iryo tangazo rigira riti: "Nk'intambwe ya mbere muri AUKUS... twiyemeje intego ihuriweho yo gushyigikira Australia mu kubona amato yo munsi y'inyanja akoreshwa n'ingufu za nikleyeri agenewe igisirikare kirwanira mu mazi cya Australia".

"Ubu bushobozi buzatuma habaho ituze mu karere k'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'inyanja ya Pacific kandi buzafasha indangagaciro n'inyungu duhuriyeho".

Aba bategetsi bavuze ko intego ari ugutuma "ubushobozi bwa Australia butangira akazi ku itariki ya vuba cyane hashoboka", bongeraho bati:

"Australia ikomeje kwiyemeza kuzuza inshingano zayo zose nka leta idakoresha intwaro za nikleyeri".

Muri iryo tangazo, banavuze ko ayo masezerano mu bya gisirikare azanibanda ku bushobozi bujyanye n'umutekano wo kuri mudasobwa, ubuhanga bw'imashini zigana imikorere ya muntu ndetse n'"ubushobozi bw'inyongera bwo munsi y'inyanja".

Isesengura rya Jonathan Beale

Umunyamakuru wa BBC mu bya gisirikare

Leta y'Ubwongereza ivuga ko aya ari amasezerano akomeye cyane yo mu rwego rwa gisirikare - ingingo yashimangiwe no kuba abategetsi b'Ubwongereza, Amerika na Australia bagaragaye bari hamwe mu nama yo mu buryo bw'amashusho batangiza ubu bufatanye. Binashimangira akamaro gakomeje kwiyongera akarere k'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'inyanja ya Pacifique gafite kuri Amerika no ku Bwongereza.

Buzagira ingaruka ku bindi bihugu bibiri. Mbere na mbere Ubufaransa, buri mu muryango w'ubwirinzi bw'Uburayi n'Amerika (NATO/OTAN), bwari bwaragiranye amasezerano na Australia yo kuyubakira amato yo munsi y'inyanja akoreshwa n'ingufu za diesel. Ayo masezerano ubu akayo karangiye.

Icya kabiri ni Ubushinwa. Nubwo abategetsi b'Ubwongereza bashimangira ko aya masezerano mashya mu bya gisirikare atabayeho kubera guhagurukira igihugu runaka, Ubwongereza buvuga rwose ko agamije gutuma habaho uburumbuke, umutekano n'ituze muri ako karere ndetse no gushyigikira uburyo bwo mu mahoro "bwo gusubiza ibintu mu buryo hashingiwe ku mategeko". Kandi si ibanga ko Ubwongereza, Amerika na Australia bihuriye ku guhangayikishwa no kuba Ubushinwa buri kongera abasirikare mu karere k'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'inyanja ya Pacifique.

Bwana Johnson yavuze ko ibi bihugu bitatu ari inshuti kamere kandi ko aya masezerano "azaduhuza kurushaho mu buryo butari bwarigeze bubaho mbere".

Yagize ati: "Ubu bufatanye buzarushaho kuba ingenzi mu guharanira inyungu zacu, no... kurinda abaturage bacu mu rugo".

Mu byumweru bya vuba aha bishize, ubwato bw'Ubwongereza HMS Queen Elizabeth, bufite ubushobozi bwo kuba indege zabugwaho zikanabuhagurukiraho, bwoherejwe mu karere k'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'inyanja ya Pacifique, hamwe n'abasirikare n'ibikoresho bivuye muri Amerika.

Muri iryo tangazo rihuriweho, abo bategetsi bavuze ko akarere k'inyanja y'Ubuhinde n'inyanja ya Pacifique gashobora kubamo ubushyamirane, burimo nko kuba hari amakimbirane atarakemuka ashingiye kuri nyir'aho hantu, inkeke zitewe n'iterabwoba ndetse n'ubugizi bwa nabi buteguwe.

Bagize bati: "Kari ku murongo wa mbere w'ingorane nshya ku mutekano, harimo no ku mutekano wo kuri mudasobwa".

Kubera iki amato yo munsi y'inyanja y'ingufu za nikleyeri?

Aya mato yo munsi y'inyanja arihuta cyane kurushaho kandi biragoye cyane kuyatahura kurusha amato akoreshwa n'ingufu zisanzwe. Ashobora kumara igihe cy'amezi ari munsi y'inyanja, akagenda intera ndende kurushaho kandi atwara (yikorera) abantu n'ibintu byinshi kurushaho.

Abasesenguzi bavuga ko kuyashyira muri Australia ari ingenzi kuri Amerika ku kugira ijambo muri ako karere.

Ku nshuro ya mbere mu myaka 50 ishize, Amerika igiye gutanga ku ikoranabuhanga ryayo rijyanye n'amato yo munsi y'inyanja. Mbere, Ubwongereza gusa ni bwo yari yarahaye kuri iryo koranabuhanga.

Australia igiye kuba igihugu cya karindwi gusa ku isi gikoresha amato yo munsi y'inyanja akoreshwa n'ingufu za nikleyeri, nyuma y'Amerika, Ubwongereza, Ubufaransa, Ubushinwa, Ubuhinde n'Uburusiya.

Ariko bivuze ko Australia yaciye amasezerano yari ifitanye n'Ubufaransa yo kubaka amato yo munsi y'inyanja.

Mu 2016, Ubufaransa bwatsindiye kontaro ifite agaciro ka miliyari 50 z'amadolari ya Australia (angana n'ama-Euro miliyari 31) yo kubaka amato 12 yo munsi y'inyanja agenewe ingabo zirwanira mu mazi za Australia.

Ayo masezerano ni yo yari kontaro ya mbere y'amafaranga menshi Australia yari itanze mu rwego rwa gisirikare.

Ariko, uwo mushinga waranzwe no gukerererwa, ahanini kubera ko leta ya Australia yasabaga ko byinshi mu bikoze ayo mato biva muri Australia.

Australia yongeye gushimangira ko nta bushake ifite bwo gutunga intwaro za nikleyeri.

Ubu bufatanye bwakiriwe gute?

Ku wa gatatu, umuvugizi w'ambasade y'Ubushinwa i Washington yashinje ibyo bihugu kugira "imyumvire yo mu gihe cy'intambara y'ubutita n'imitekerereze idashingiye ku gushyira mu gaciro".

Hagati aho, New Zealand (Nouvelle-Zélande) yavuze ko izabuza amato ya Australia yo munsi y'inyanja kugera mu mazi yayo, yisunze gahunda isanzweho ireba amato akoreshwa n'ingufu za nikleyeri.

Minisitiri w'intebe wa New Zealand Jacinda Ardern yavuze ko igihugu cye kitabwiwe iby'ayo masezerano ngo kibe cyayajyamo.

Ibihugu by'i Burayi n'Amerika bimaze igihe bitewe impungenge n'ishoramari ry'Ubushinwa mu bikorwa-remezo mu birwa (amazinga mu Kirundi) byo muri Pacifique, ndetse byananenze Ubushinwa ku bihano byo mu bucuruzi bwafatiye ibihugu nka Australia.

Mu bihe byashize, Australia yari yakomeje kugirana umubano mwiza n'Ubushinwa, iki gihugu kiba ari cyo cya mbere ikorana na cyo ubucuruzi bwinshi. Ariko mu myaka ya vuba aha ishize uwo mubano warasenyutse kubera ubushyamirane muri politiki.

Ariko ubu hari n'ubushyamirane hagati ya Australia n'Ubufaransa, nyuma yuko amasezerano yo kubakira amato Australia aciwe n'ubwo bufatanye bushya.

Minisitiri Le Drian yagize ati: "Twari twaragiranye umubano na Australia ushingiye ku cyizere, iki cyizere cyashegeshwe".