Writing about the past – WJECMixing tenses

Being able to use the past tense correctly is very important when you learn a language. It enables you to speak, write and read about past events and to understand when people talk about the past.

Part ofWelsh Second Language (WJEC)Writing

Mixing tenses

Sometimes, you may need to mix tenses. For example, you may want to use some of the roedd tenses with the short form past tense. Do you remember the roedd tense?

WelshEnglish
Roeddwn i'n...I was/used to...
Roeddet ti'n...You (singular) were/used to...
Roedd e'n/o'n...He was/used to...
Roedd hi'n...She was/used to...
Roedden ni'n...We were/used to...
Roeddech chi'n...You (plural) were/used to...
Roedden nhw'n...They were/used to...
Roedd y bobl yn...The people were/used to...
Roedd fy ffrindiau i'n...My friends were/used to...
WelshRoeddwn i'n...
EnglishI was/used to...
WelshRoeddet ti'n...
EnglishYou (singular) were/used to...
WelshRoedd e'n/o'n...
EnglishHe was/used to...
WelshRoedd hi'n...
EnglishShe was/used to...
WelshRoedden ni'n...
EnglishWe were/used to...
WelshRoeddech chi'n...
EnglishYou (plural) were/used to...
WelshRoedden nhw'n...
EnglishThey were/used to...
WelshRoedd y bobl yn...
EnglishThe people were/used to...
WelshRoedd fy ffrindiau i'n...
EnglishMy friends were/used to...

Use the roedd tense:

  • when you want to express an ongoing action or situation in the past (eg was, were or used to)

mewn ac roedden ni'n cael amser gwych.We were camping in a tent and we were having a fantastic time.

  • when you want to describe in the past

Roedd hi'n noson dywyll. Roedd hi'n bwrw glaw ac roedd hi'n wyntog iawn tu allan. – It was a dark night. It was raining and it was very windy outside.

  • when you want to express opinions or feelings in the past

Roedden ni'n hapus achos roedd popeth yn grêt.We were happy, because everything was great.

Set the scene

In these sentences, the roedd tense has been used to set the scene, but then, all of a sudden, something happened – read on!

Roedden ni'n gwersylla mewn pabell ac roedden ni'n cael amser ffantastig. Roedd hi'n noson dywyll. Roedd hi'n bwrw glaw ac roedd hi’n wyntog iawn tu allan. Roedden ni'n hapus achos roedd popeth yn grêt. Yn sydyn, cawson ni sioc ofnadwy. Cododd y gwynt y babell a . Neidiodd i fyny . "Bobl bach!" dywedodd Sam. "Beth nawr?" gofynnodd Jake.

Why not finish off this story?

Exercise

Write a short piece about a holiday or a journey.

In the piece:

  • say where, when and who you went with
  • say how you travelled
  • say where you stayed – and describe this place, using roedd; express an opinion as well
  • say what you did – and express an opinion using roedd
  • end the piece effectively

Here is an example:

Es i i Ffrainc ym mis Mehefin gyda'r band. Teithion ni mewn bws i ac yna dalion ni'r trên i Baris.

Arhoson ni mewn hostel ym Mharis. Roedd e'n ofnadwy! Roedd chwe gwely mewn ystafell fach iawn ac roedd yr ystafell yn . Roedd yr ystafell ymolchi yn frwnt hefyd – roedd gwallt yn y sinc ac roedd i'r bath yn frown. !

Chwaraeodd y band mewn ar y nos Sadwrn. Enillon ni ddim, ond roedden ni'n hapus iawn achos roedd hi'n noson wych!

Ym Mharis, cerddon ni i fyny Tŵr Eiffel - roedd edrych i lawr dros Baris yn ! Yna, aethon ni mewn ar yr afon ac aethon ni i'r Louvre i weld y Mona Lisa. Ces i sioc achos roedd y llun yn fach!

Roedd y daith yn wych achos gwelais i , ces i a gwnes i lawer o ffrindiau newydd. Dw i eisiau mynd eto nawr! Pryd y trip nesa?