Mariupol: Yadda aka shafe kwana 80 ana lalata birnin da ya bunƙasa

Asalin hoton, Shutterstock
- Marubuci, Daga Paul Adams a London da Hugo Bachega in Dnipro
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC News
Bayan shafe kusan wata uku ana kai hare-hare ba ƙaƙƙautawa, a ƙarshe dai an ƙwace birnin Mariupol. Sojojin Ukraine sun bayyana cewa yaƙin da suke yi a tashar ruwan da aka yi wa ƙawanya ya zo ƙarshe.
Fiye da duk wani birni na Ukraine, Mariupol a yanzu ya zama wani tambari na tsantsar rashin imani da dakarun Rasha suka yi a yunƙurin da Ukraine ta yi na kare birninta.
A ranar Laraba 23 ga watan Fabrairu, Ivan Stanislavsky ya bar kemararsa a cikin jaka a opis. Yana kan hanyarsa ta zuwa ganin yadda ake buga sabon littafinsa kan batun Mariupol a lokacin Tarayyar Soviet a gidan wani abokin aikinsa.
Amma a ranar Alhamis, a lokacin da yake tsaye a kan titi a wajen ofishinsa da ke rufe babu kowa, sai ya soma jin ƙarar fashewar abubuwa daga gabas. Birnin ya kama da wuta.
A daidai lokacin da rikicin ya ƙara ƙamari, kuma ake ƙara jin ƙarar bindiga a yammacin birnin, Ivan sai ya mayar da katifarsa a cikin ɗakin taro. Sai ya kwashe tulin litattafansa har da na kundin waƙe-waƙen Ukraine.
"Bari mu ce wannan ba asarar litattafai bace," in ji mai ɗaukar hoton ɗan shekara 36 wanda kuma ma'aikacin watsa labarai ne a kulob din gasar premier ta Ukraine wato FC Mariupol.

Asalin hoton, Ivan Stanislavsky
A cikin birnin na Mariupol a unguwar Kalmiusky, wani ɗan kasuwa mai suna Yevhen shi ma ya rinƙa ɗaukar matakai. Mutumin mai shekara 47 ya shaida wa iyalansa su tattara kayansa domin su gudu daga birnin.
Amma a lokacin da ta dawo daga ofis, sai ya ga cewa ba a tattara kaya ba. Iyalansa sun ƙi yarda su tafi.
A wani gida da ke cikin rukunin gidajen, masu sarrafa ƙarfe daga wata maƙera da ke kusa wato Nataliia mai shekara 43 da kuma Andrii mai shekara 41 na ƙoƙarin yanka biredi biyu na ƙarshe da suka saya domin su shanya biredin su ci a cikin makonnin da za su zo.

Asalin hoton, Ivan Stanislavky
Volodymyr mai shekara 52 da ke a Kalmiusky wanda shi ma malamin jinya ne, shi ma yana kitchen inda a lokacin ne ya samu wannan labari. A lokacin da ya samu labarin cewa Rashawa na kutsawa cikin ƙauyen Chonhar - a wata muhimmiyar hanya domin fita daga Crimea - sai ya shaƙe. Sai ya gane cewa wannan shiryayyen hari ne.
Mai tura motar kwana-kwana ta marasa lafiya tana cikin waya. Sai ta bai wa Volodymyr umarnin ya bar abin da yake yi ya gano waɗanda suka samu raunuka.
Mariia mai shekara 22 wadda ta kammala karatun injiniya a jami'a ta yi zaton cewa ƙarar fashewar da ta ji a karon farko tsawa ce kawai daga sama. Sai daga baya ta ji ƙarar ta biyu.
"Ba mu san me za mu yi ba," in ji Mariia wadda kamar Ivan, ta zauna a Primorsky. " Ban samu lokacin tunanin abin da zan yi nan gaba ba. Dole na soma tunanin abin da zan ci da kuma sha da kuma yadda zan yi da magunana."
Sai daga baya ta soma tunanin cewa a kwanaki kaɗan da suka wuce, sojoji sun shiga shagon sayar da fenti wanda a nan take aiki inda suke so su sayi salatap launin shuɗi da ruwan ɗorawa. Suna son amfani da su ne domin yin alama ga kayayyakinsu na sojoji.
Kwanaki hudu bayan soma wannan rikici kuma ga rikicin yana ƙara matsowa kusa, Ivan da matarsa sun nemi mafaka a wani wuri na ƙarƙashin ƙasa a wani babban kanti. Sun samu kariya sosai amma Ivan ya gano irin ƙarar da yake ji na tayar masa da hankali.
Gudanar da rayuwar yau da kullum ta zama ta wani lamari.
"Mun koma rayuwa irin ta mutanen farko, " kamar yadda ya shaida wa BBC daga Lviv wanda can ya gudu. " Mun rinƙa sare itatuwa muna haɗa wuta da kuma dafa abinci bisa wutar. Har na ji mutane suna cin tantabaru."
Yana kallo da idonsa komai ya taɓarɓare a inda yake. Ya rinƙa rubuta duk wani abin da ke faruwa wanda ya wallafa daga baya a intanet.
"An dawo rayuwar mutanen farko ta kan dutsina," kamar yadda ya rubuta a ranar 6 ga watan Maris a littafin da yake rubuce-rubuce kan lamarin.
Ya rubuta labari kan yadda a kan idonsa ƴan uwansa ƴan Ukraine suka rinƙa fasa shaguna suna guduwa da abubuwa kamar su kwamfuta da friza da kayayyakin sakawa.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images
A lokacin da rikici ya soma ɓarkwa a wurin a 2014, gwamnatin ƙasar na ɗan wani lokaci ta rasa iko da Mariupol bayan arangama da masu goyon bayan gwamnatin Rasha. A watan Janairun 2015, wani irin hari mai tayar da hankali da ƴan tawaye suka kai a kusrwar gabashin ƙasar ya yi sanadin mutuwar mutum kusan 30.
Duk da cewa daga baya yaƙin ya janye, ƙarar makaman atilare da aka rinƙa harbawa can nesa na daga cikin irin manyan ƙararrakin da aka rinƙa ji a Mariupol.
Sai dai an ci gaba da gudanar da harkoki a birnin. Gwamnatin Ukraine ta mayar da birnin babban birnin yankin Donetsk Oblast.
"Birnin ya soma samun duk wasu albarkatu kuma ya zama wurin da aka saka wa ido," in ji Ivan.

Asalin hoton, Ivan Stanivlasky
An gyara gine-ginen gwamnati, sa'annan aka sake gina wuraren shan shayi da kuma samar da wuraren buɗa ido. A wani shirin redyio a watanm Oktoba, magajin garin birnin Vadym Boychenko ya yi iƙirarin cewa ya samar da ayyuka mafi kyau a ƙasar inda ya buɗe makarantar horar da kwamfuta da kuma ƙara kawo ci gaba a ɓangaren wasanni da fasaha.
Ya bayyana cewa shirye-shirye na kan hanya na gina wani katafaren tafki a wurin yawon buɗe ido. A 2021 ne aka ayyana Mariupol a matsayin birni mafi girma na al'adu a Ukraine.
Sai dai a lokacin da ake samun ci gaba a Mariupol, birnin Donetsk wanda ƴan tawaye ke riƙe da shi ya rinƙa samun ci baya. A lokacin da ƴan tawaye suka koma Mariupol, Volodymyr wanda malamin jinya ne ya ce yana ganin suna so su yi ramuwar gayya ne domin lalata birnin.
"Idan muna zama cikin kashi, su ma za su ci gaba dsa zama a kashi," Volodymyr ya ce sun shaida masa haka a lokacin da suke tserewa ta wani shingen bincike. " Sun kallemu inda suka nuna irin haushin da suke ji kan yadda muke rayuwa."

Yevhen, wanda ɗan kasuwa ne ya rinƙa kamanta Mariupol a shekara biyar da suka wuce a matsayin tatsuniya." An sake gina birnin nan," in ji shi, "an gyara duka hanyoyi, an inganta motocin haya."
Kamfanin gine-ginensa shi ne ya yi wasu ayyuka har da sake gina wata hasumiyar ruwa ta Mariupol a lokacin cikar birnin shekara 240.
"Wannnan birni ne na masu aiki tuƙuru.... abu ne mai wahala a gare ni na yi bayani kan cewa ma'aikatana za su kammala aikinsu da ƙarfe 6:00 na dare - inda suke so su yi aiki fiye da wannan lokacin".

Asalin hoton, Ivan Stanislavsky
Kamar wasu da dama, ana yawan yin hutun ƙarshen mako da iyalai a wuraren yawon buɗe ido na birnin da aka farfado da su ko kuma a gaban teku.











