Taliban: Mece ce Shariar Musulunci? Me take nufi ga rayuwar mata a Afghanistan?

A student in Medan, Indonesia reads the Koran

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Ƙungiyar Taliban ta ce za ta yi mulkin Afghanistan bisa ƙa'idojin addinin Musulunci na Shari'a.

A jawabin farko da suka yi bayan ƙwace Kabul, wani mai magana da yawun Taliban ya ce za a mutunta batutuwan da suka shafi aikin jarida da haƙƙoƙin mata bisa abin da shari'o'in addinin Musulunci suka tanada, amma kawo yanzu ƙungiyar ba ta bayyana yadda hakan zai yiwu ba a zahiri.

Lokacin da suke mulki, Taliban sun ƙaddamar ko goyi bayan haukunce-hukunce kamar kisan waɗanda suka kashe mutane da waɗanda aka kama da laifin zina a bainar jama'a.

Mece ce Shari'a?

Dokar Shari'a ita ce ce tsarin shari'ar Musulunci. An samo ta ne daga Al-Ƙur'ani da Fatawar malamai.

Nufin Shari'a a zahiri shi ne "hanya madaidaiciya zuwa ga rayuwa".

Dokar Shari'a ce hanyar rayuwa da duk Musulmai ya kamata su bi, ciki har da sallah da azumi da sadaka.

Tana taimaka wa Musulmai kan yadda za su tafi da duk wani ɓangare na rayuwarsu yadda Allah ya umarta.

Ya ake aiki da Shari'a?

Women wearing a burqa wait to board into a local taxi in Kabul on 31 July 2021

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Shari'a ta ce duka mata da maza su yi shiga ta mutunci, duk da cewa ƙasashe sun bambanta kan yadda suke fassara wannan Shari'ar

Shari'a na iya tafi da ko wane ɓangare na rayuwar Musulmi.

Misali, Musulmin da ke tantama kan idan wani abokin aikinsu gayyace su zuwa wata mashaya na iya neman shawarar malamin Shari'a don tabbatar da haramcin hakan a addini.

Sauran ɓangarorin rayuwa da Musulmi zai iya neman shawara daga Shari'a sun ƙunshi dokokin iyali da kuɗi da kasuwanci.

Waɗanne ne hukunce-hukunce masu tsauri?

Dokar Shari'a ta raba laifuka gida biyu: laifukan "hadd" wanda su ne manyan laifuka masu ɗauke da manyan hukunce-hukunce, sai kuma laifukan "tazir" inda ake bar wa alƙali ya yanke hukunce-hukuncensu.

Laifukan Hadd sun ƙunshi sata wanda ake yi wa hukunci da yanke hannun mai laifin sai laifin zina wanda ake jefe mai laifin har ya mutu.

An Indonesian woman is publicly caned as punishment under Aceh province's Sharia laws for being caught with her boyfriend, in March 2021.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Ana yi wa wata mata ƴar Indonesiya bulala a lardin Aceh bayan da aka kamata da da saurayinta

Wasu ƙungiyoyin Musulunci sun ce amfani da hukunce-hukuncen hadd na bukatar manyan shaidu da hujjoji.

Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta yi magana kan kisa ta hanyar jifa inda ta ce "ya ƙunshi azabtarwa da wulakanci da cin zarafi don haka ya haramta".

Ba duka kasashen Musulmi ne ke amfani da waɗannan hukunce-hukuncen na hadd ba kuma bincike ya nuna cewa ra'ayoyin Musulmi sun bambanta kan waɗannan hukunce-hukunce.

Ana iya kashe Musulmi idan su ka fita daga Musulunci?

Yin ridda ko fita daga addini batu ne mai rikitarwa a Musulunci kuma ƙwararru sun ce mafi yawan malaman addini na ganin hukuncin wanda ya yi haka kisa ne.

Amma akwai wasu Musulmi ƴan ƙalilan, musamman waɗanda suke da alaƙa da ƙasashen Yamma, da ke ganin cewa a bar ko wane irin hukunci ga Allah kuma yin ridda ba ya yi wa Musulunci barzana.

Ƙur'ani da kansa ya ce "babu tilastawa" a addini.

Ya ake samar da dokokinta?

Kamar ko wane tsarin shari'a, Shari'ar Musulunci na da zurfi kuma ta dogara ne kan ƙwarewar masana.

Alƙalan Musulunci na bayar da dokoki ko fatawa.

Judge Nenney Shushaidah, one of Malaysia's first female Sharia high court judges

Asalin hoton, Joshua Paul for the BBC

Bayanan hoto, Alƙali Nenney Shushaidah na ɗaya daga cikin alƙalan shari'a mata na farko a manyan kotunan Malaysia

Akwai mazhabobi biyar na dokar Shari'a. Huɗu daga ciki na Sunni ne: Hanbali da Maliki da Shafi'i da Hanafi sai kuma mazhabar Shi'a wato Shia Jaafari.

Mazhabobin biyar sun bambanta kan yadda suke fassara dokokin Shari'a.