Tarihin yaƙin basasar Kano a 1894 -1895

    • Marubuci, Usman Minjibir
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, Journalist, Abuja
  • Lokacin karatu: Minti 8

Shekaru 131 kenan tun bayan da al'ummar Kano suka tsinci kansu a yaƙin basasa sakamakon rikicin sarauta tsakanin gidan Sarkin Kano Abdullahi Maje Karofi da gidan Sarkin Kano Muhammadu Bello waɗanda dukannin su ’ya’yan Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo ne.

Masana tarihi sun ce yaƙin basasar shi ne rikici mafi muni da birnin ya taɓa fuskanta, inda "wani bature da ya zo Kano a lokacin ya ce Kanon na ƙarnin jinin mutane saboda irin jinin da aka zubar," in ji Dr Raliya Zubair Mahmour, masaniyar tarihi kuma malama a tsangayar tarihi da ke kwalejin Kumbotso College a Kano.

Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da yaƙin ya haifar shi ne samun sabon sarki da ake kira Sarki Alu a 1895, wanda Turawan mulki mallaka suka karɓe iko daga hannunsa a 1903.

Abin da ya janyo rikicin

Dakta Raliya, ta shaida wa BBC cewa rikicin ya faru a tsakanin zuriyar Sarkin Kano Ibrahim Dabo.

"Bayan rasuwar Ibrahim Dabo, ɗansan Usman ya gaje shi. Kuma shi ma bayan rasuwarsa sai ƙanensa, Abdullahi Maje Karofi ya gaje shi. Bayan shi ma ya mutu sai ƙanensa Bello ya gaje shi. Wato kenan ƴaƴan Sarkin Kano, Ibrahim guda uku sun yi mulki a jere.

"To lokacin da Allah ya karɓi ran Sarkin Kano Bello a watan Disamban 1893, sai Allah ya sa wazirin Sokoto Buhari ya kasance a Kano a lokacin yana kan hanyarsa ta tafiya Misau.

"Hakan ne ya sa Wazirin na Sokoto, Buhari ya aike da labarin rasuwar Sarki Bello ga Sultan Abdurrahman wanda shi ne mahaifin Sultan Attahiru da Turawa suka karɓe iko daga hannunsa." In ji Dakta Raliya.

Tsakanin Tukurawa da Yusufawa

Bisa ƙa'ida a duk lokacin da wani sarki ya rasu ake ƙoƙarin naɗa sabon sarki to dole ne majalisar sarki ta aike da sunayen mutum uku ga fadar Sarkin Musulmi sai majalisar zaɓen Sarkin Musulmi ta zaɓi wanda zai yi sarkin.

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"To gaskiya a wannan shekarar hakan ba ta samu ba saboda da aka aike wa da Sarkin Musulmi sunayen mutum uku daga Kano, sai Sultan Abdurrahman ba tare da tuntuɓar majalisar zaɓen sarki ba, ya ce a je a naɗa Tukur ɗan gidan Sarki Bello wanda shi matashi ne mai shekaru 26 zuwa 28." In ji dakta Raliya.

Shi kuma Sultan ya zaɓi Tukur ne bisa wani tsohon alƙawari da ya yi masa sakamakon irin bajintar da Tukur ɗin ya nuna a lokacin da aka yi wani yaƙi tsakanin Sokoto da Argungu. Wannan abu ya burge Sultan sosai har Sultan Attahiru ya faɗa masa cewa duk ranar da Kano ta faɗi to taka ce. Don haka mahaifinsa, Bello na cikawa sai ya cika alƙawari.

Shi ma Waziri da ya tura wa Sultan labarin rasuwar Bello ya shaida masa cewa mutanen Kano fa Yusuf suke so.

"Yusuf ya yi Galadiman Kano sannan kuma ya yi Ciroma. Shi kuma ɗan Maje Karofi ne. Ma'ana kakanninsu ɗaya domin iyayensu ƴanuwa ne - Bello da Maje Karofi duk ƴaƴan Ibrahim Dabo ne."

Wannan ne ya sa rigimar ta taso tsakanin gidajen guda biyu to amma mafi yawan al'ummar gari sai suka nuna goyon bayansu ga Yusuf wanda Waziri ya sanar da Sultan labarinsa. Sai kuma sauran mutane da suka amince da naɗin Sultan wato Tukur.

To wannan shi ne musabbabin rikicin nan, abin ya hargitsa garin Kano baki ɗayansa sannan ya raba shi gida biyu wato Tukurawa da Yusufawa," kamar yadda Dakta Raliya ta yi ƙarin haske.

Yusufawa sun yi hijira zuwa Takai

Zuriyar gidan Maje Korafi wato mabiya Yusuf sun haɗu ƙwansu da kwarkwata - ƴaƴansu da matansu da bayinsu da ma masoyansu da makamansu suka bar Kano inda suka yi hijira zuwa garin Takai domin yin sansani yadda za su dawo Kanon da ƙarfinsu.

"Bayan sun tare a Takai sai suka naɗa Yusuf a matsayin Sarkinsu sannan suka rinƙa aikawa da wasiƙu zuwa garuruwan da ke gefen Takai har zuwa Kano suna neman a yi musu mubaya'a wanda ƙin yin hakan na nufin za a yaƙe su." In ji Dakta Raliya.

Da suka tabbatar sun yi ƙarfin da za su iya yaƙi sai suka tunkaro Kano domin yaƙa da ƙwace sarautar Kano daga Sarki Tukur.

"A watan Agusta na 1894 suka taho Kano, sai Allah ya jarrabi Yusuf da ciwon da ya janyo ajalinsa a garin Garko. Wasu ma na cewa Yusuf kashe shi wasu ƴan uwansa suka yi saboda suna son ɗora wani daban. To sai dai an ce kafin rasuwar Yusuf ɗin an ji ya ambaci sunan ɗanuwansa Alu ko kuma Aliyu Babba kamar yadda wasu ke kiran sa.

Shi Alu ya kasance ɗa ne ga ɗiyar Sultan Abdurrahman wani abu da ke ganin idan aka naɗa shi to ba za a sami turjiya daga masarautar Sokoto ba. Ke nan za su haƙura idan aka saka ɗansu maimakon a saka wanda ba su sani ba. Sai dai kuma wasu sun ce an kashe Yusuf ne domin a saka Alu ɗin," kamar yadda Dakta Raliya ta yi ƙarin haske.

Yadda aka naɗa Sarki Alu

Bayan rasuwar Yusuf, sai aka naɗa Alu a matsayin Sarki inda kuma a ranar 18 ga watan Satumba 1894 Sarki Alu ko kuma Alu babba ya jagorancin ayarin Yusufawa suka shiga Kano, inda suka nemi ƙwace mulki daga hannun Sarki Tukur.

To sai dai kuma bayan jin labarin shigar Alu da jama'arsa ne ya sa shi kuma Sarki Tukur da magoya bayansa da iyalansa suka fice daga Kano a watan Maris, inda suka nufi Katsina.

"Sun tsaya a wani gari da ake kira Kamri domin samun mafaka. To shi kuma Sultan Abdurrahman na Sokoto da labari ya je masa cewa an kori Sarki Tukur, sai ya nemi taimakon sarakunan Zazzau da Katsina da Kazaure da su zo su taimaka wa Tukur su mayar da shi kan kujerarsa ta hanyar yaƙar Alu. To amma ba su amince sun kawo ɗauki ba.

A watan Maris 1895 tawagogin Tukur da na Alu suka haɗu a wani gari da ake kira Tafashiya da ke kan hanyar Katsina, inda aka gwabza.

Alu ya samu nasara a kan Tukur bayan illata shi sakamakon faɗuwar da dokinsa ya yi inda kuma ya yi jinya ta wasu kwanaki kafin ya rasu a ranar 16 ga watan Maris ɗin 1895 wanda kuma hakan ne ya kawo ƙarshen yaƙin.

Abu 8 da yaƙin basasar Kano ya haddasa

  • An kashe mutane da dama inda wani marubuci ya ce "Kano ƙarnin jini ta rinƙa yi saboda yadda aka rinƙa yanka jama'a.
  • Masarautar Sokoto ta mayar da Sarki Alu saniyar ware duk da alaƙar da ke tsakaninsu.
  • Iyalai da dama sun yi hijira saboda tsoron ka da a kashe su bayan kammala yaƙi. Wannan ne ya sa wasu iyalai suka koma ƙauyuka wasu kuma daga ƙauyuka suka koma birni saboda gudun bi-ta-da-ƙulli.
  • Mutane da dama sun ɓata sakamakon yaƙin, inda har yanzu ba a san inda suke ba.
  • Daga nan ne aka fara samun matsalar zumunci a tsakanin ƴaƴan sarauta.
  • Wasu waɗanda suka gaji sarauta sun yi watsi da al'amarinta sakamakon jan kunne da tsinuwa da kakanninsu suka yi musu saboda abin da suka gani a lokacin basasar.
  • Tattalin arziƙin Kano saboda ƙauracewa Kano da wasu al'ummomin duniya da ke shiga birnin domin gudanar da harkokin kasuwancinsu.
  • Yaƙin basasar Kano ne ya nuna wa Turawan mulkin mallaka lagon daular Usmaniyya, inda suka gane rashin ƙarfinta da rarrabuwar kai da ke cikinta.

Wane ne Sarkin Kano Alu?

Alu ko Aliyu Babba ko kuma Alu Maisango shi ne wanda ya zamo Sarkin Kano daga lokacin yaƙin basasa a 1895 zuwa lokacin da Turawan mulki mallaka suka ƙwace mulki daga hannunsa a 1903.

"Nasabar Alu ta wajen uba ɗan Sarkin Kano Maje Karofi ne ɗan Sarki Kano Ibrahim Dabo. Hakan na nufin ta wurin mahaifinsa shi Basulluɓe ne. To amma a gefen uwa kuma, Sarki Alu ɗa ne ga Saudatu kuma ƴa ce ga Alu Babba wato Sultan. Shi kuma Sultan Alu Babba ɗan Muhammadu Bello ne ɗan Shehu Usman Ɗanfodio. Kenan ta gefen uwa shi Batoranke ne wato jinin Ɗanfodio ne." In ji Dakta Raliya Zubairu Mahmud.

Shi Sarki Alu ya kasance malami kuma jarumi, inda yake riƙe da wani makami da ake kira da suna Sango wanda ya sa ake yi masa laƙani da Maisango.

Maisango ya yi sarautar Kano har tsawon shekaru takwas kafin zuwan Turawa. Sarki Alu ya shirya tawaga domin zuwa Sokoto ya yi wa sabon Sultan da aka naɗa murna tare da mubaya'a wato Sultan Attahiru wanda ɗanuwan mahaifiyarsa ne.

Kuma a kan hanyar Sarki Alu ta komawa Kano ne daga Sokoto suka samu labarin cewa Turawa sun shiga Kano abin da ya sa suka yada zango a Kwatarkwashi domin tattauna abin yi nagaba.

"Shi Sarki Alu ya kama hanya zuwa Gabas kuma jama'arsa suka bi shi domin guje wa Turawa to amma ƙaddara ta riga fata, inda ya haɗu da Turawa a kan hanyarsa ta zuwa Makka kuma sun kama shi suka tafi da shi inda suka kai shi Adamawa. A nan ya zauna ya samu kamar shekara biyu kafin su mayar da shi zuwa Lokoja inda a nan ya rayu da iyalinsa har zuwa 1926 lokacin da ya rasu." In ji Dakta Raliya Mahmud.

Abbas ya zama Sarki

Lokacin da Sarki Alu da jama'arsa suka tsaya a Kwatarkwashi domin shawarar yadda za a yi.

Wamban Kano na lokacin Abbas ya bayar da shawarar cewa tawagar ta koma Kano domin miƙa wuya ga Turawa kasancewar zamanin ne ya haifar da haka.

To bayan Turawan sun kama Sarki Alu sannan sun kashe na kashewa, sai shi Wambai Abbas da tawagarsa suka koma Kano, inda kuma Turawan suka naɗa shi a matsayin sabon Sarki ƙarƙashin Turawan mulkin mallaka a watan Fabrairu na 1903.