Yadda ƙasashen yamma ke taimakon Rasha a yaƙinta da Ukraine
Asalin hoton, Getty Images
- Marubuci, Vitaly Shevchenko
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, Russia editor, BBC Monitoring
- Lokacin karatu: Minti 4
Har yanzu Rasha na cigaba da samun biliyoyi wajen sayar da makamashinta ga ƙasashen waje, kamar yadda alƙaluma suka nuna, wanda hakan ke taimakon ƙasar wajen samun kuɗaɗen yaƙinta da Ukraine - wanda yanzu ke cikin shekara ta huɗu.
Tun farkon yaƙin a watan Fabrailun 2022 zuwa yanzu, Rasha ta samu kuɗin shiga daga sayar da makamashi da ya kai ninki uku na tallafin da Ukraine ke samu daga ƙawayenta.
Alƙaluman da BBC ta samu ya nuna ƙawayen Ukraine na yammacin duniya sun ba Rasha kuɗi ta hanyar sayen makamashi sama da tallafin da suka ba Ukraine ɗin.
Masu suka suna ganin akwai buƙatar gwamnatocin turai da arewacin Amurka su ƙara ƙaimi wajen daƙile ɓangaren man fetur da gas domin kawo ƙarshen yaƙin ƙasar a Ukraine.
Nawa Rasha ke samu?
Kuɗin da Rasha ke samu wajen sayar da makamashi na taimaka mata a yaƙin da take yi da Ukraine.
Albarkatun man fetur ne na uku a cikin abubuwan da suke samar wa ƙasar da kuɗin shiga.
Bayan fara yaƙin a watan Fabrailun 2022, ƙawayen Ukraine sun ƙaƙaba wa Rasha takunkumin makamashi. Amurka da Birtaniya sun ƙaƙaba mata takunkumi, sannan tarayyar turai ta hana shigo da man fetur daga ƙasar, amma ba ta hana gas ba.
Amma duk da haka, zuwa ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, Rasha ta samu sama da fam biliyan 883 (dala biliyan 973) a kuɗin shiga ta hanyar fitar da makamashi tun daga lokacin da aka fara yaƙin, ciki har da fam biliyan 228 dag ƙasashen da suka ƙaƙaba mata takunkumin, kamar yadda alƙaluman cibiyar Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) suka nuna.
Yanzu za ku iya samun labaran BBC Hausa kai-tsaye a wayoyinku.
Latsa nan domin shiga
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Ƙasashen tarayyar turai suka fi kasuwanci da Rashan, inda ta samu dam biliyan 209.
Ƙasashen tarayyar turai sun cigaba da sayen gas kai-tsaye daga Rasha har zuwa lokacin da Ukraine ta katse bututun jigilar gas ɗin a watan Janairun 2025, amma har yanzu Rasha na tura man fetur zuwa Hungary da Slovakia.
Haka kuma har yanzu Rasha na tura gas zuwa ƙasashen turai ta Turkiyya: Alƙaluman CREA sun nuna cewa an samu ƙarin gas ɗin da ake turawa da kashi 26.77 a tsakanin Janairu zuwa Fabrailun 2024.
A shekarar 2024, kuɗin shiga da Rasha ta samu daga makamashi ya ƙaru da kashi 5, idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 2023, kamar yadda alƙaluman CREA suka nuna.
A shekarar da ta gabata, an samu ƙarin kashi 6 a kuɗin shiga da Rasha ke samu daga fitar da ɗanyen mai, da kuma kashi 9 daga gas.
Rasha ta ce gas da take fitarwa zuwa turai ya ƙaru da kusan kashi 20 a 2024.
Shugaban kwamitin harkokin ƙasashen waje na tarayyar turai, Kaja Kallas ya ce tarayyar "ba ta ƙaƙa ba Rasha takunkumi masu tsauri ba," a ɓangaren fetur da iskar fas saboda wasu ƙasashen fargabar faɗaɗar yaƙin da kuma "samun sauƙi."
Alƙaluman sun nuna cewa kuɗin da Rasha ke samu daga sayar da makamashi ya haura kuɗin da Ukraine ke samu na tallafi daga ƙawayenta.
Mai Rosner, wani mai sukar yaƙin na ƙungiyar Global Witness, ya ce ƙasashen yamma da dama na fargabar dakatar da sayen makamashi daga Rasha ne domin fargabar tsada.
'Matatun ɓoye'
Bayan sayar da man kai-tsaye, akwai wasu albarkatun man da Rasha ke tura su ƙasashen yamma bayan tacewa a wasu ƙasashe.
CREA ta ce ta gano wasu matatun mai guda uku a Turkiyya da wasu guda uku a India da suke tace ɗanyen man Rasha, sai su riƙa sayarwa ga ƙasashem yammacin duniya. Alƙaluma sun ce sun sayar da makamashin kusan fam biliyan 6.1 ga ƙasashen da suka ƙaƙa ba Rasha takunkumi.
Ma'aikatar man fetur ta India ta soki rahoton CREA, inda ta bayyana shi da "yunƙurin ɓata sunanta."
Asalin hoton, Getty Images
"Ƙasashen nan da suke tace ɗanyen man na Rasha suna sane suke sayar makamashin ga ƙasashen. Kowa ya san haka, amma ba a yin komai domin hanawa,"in ji Vaibhav Raghunandan na CREA.
Tsohon mataimakin ministan makamashi na Rasha, Vladimir Milov, wanda yanzu masoyin Vladimir Putin ne, ya ce akwai hanyoyin da suka kamata a bi wajen ƙaƙaba takunkumi ga Rasha, ba yadda aka yi ba, wanda Mr Milov says "ba ya aiki".
Mr Raghunandan na CREA ya ce abu mai sauƙi ne tarayyar turai su dakatar da sayen makamashi daga Rasha.
Yunƙurin Trump na kawo ƙarshen yaƙin
Masana da BBC ta zanta da su ba su amince da shawarar Trump cewa za a kawo ƙarshen yaƙin Ukraine ne kawai idan Opec suka rage farashin man fetur.
"Ƴan Moscow dariya suke yi idan suka ji wannan saboda Amurka ce za ta fi shan wahala," in ji Mr Milov a zantawarsa da BBC.
Mr Raghunandan ya ce kuɗin da Rasha ke kashewa wajen tace ɗanyen man fetur y yi ƙasa da na ƙasashen ƙungiyar Opec, kamar Saudiyya, don haka za su fi shan wahala sama da Rasha idan aka rage farashin man fetur ɗin a duniya.
"Babu yadda za a yi Saudiyya ta amince da wannan. An taɓa kwatanta hakan a baya, wanda a lokacin ya kawo saɓani tsakanin Saudiyya da Amurka," in ji shi.
