Abin da ya sa Rasha ta dakatar da bai wa Turai iskar gas

Rasha za ta daina bai wa wasu daga cikin kasashen Turai iskar gas, daga bututun North Stream 1. Tuni labarin ya fara ta da hankula da janyo tashin farashin iskar gas a kasuwannin duniya, da fargabar abin da karancinsa zai haifar.

Ana zargin gwamnatin Rasha da amfani da iskar gas a matsayin makamin yaki, da daukar fansar takunkuman da manyan kasashen duniya suka kakaba mata kan mamayar da ta yi wa Ukraine.

Shin wane ne bututun North Stream, wanne adadin iskar gas yake sayarwa?

Bututun Nord Stream 1 dai yana da nisan kilomita 1,200 a karkashin tekun Baltic da ya taso daga kusa da birnin St Petersburg da ke tashar ruwa a Rasha zuwa arewa maso gabashin kasar Jamus.

Shekaru 10 da suka gabata aka bude bututun, sannan ana tura sama da kubik 170 na iskar gas a kowacce rana daga Rasha zuwa Jamus.

Kamfanin Nord Stream AG ne ke gudanar da wannan aiki, wanda mallakin babban kamfanin man Gazprom na Rasha ne.

Jamus na shigar da kashi 55 na gas din da take amfani da shi daga Rasha, kuma yawanci ta bututun Nord Stream 1 yake shigowa, yayin da sauran kashi 49 yake shiga kasar ta sauran hanyoyin kasa.

Jamus ta amince da gina wata hanyar da za a sanya bututun Nord Stream 2 domin samun sauki, amma hakan ba ta samu ba saboda mamayar da Rasha ta yi wa Ukraine.

Ta yaya Rasha ta dakatar da ba da iskar gas, da yadda ya bata wa kasashen Turai rai?

A tsakiyar watan Yuni, Gazprom ya katse iskar gas da take bi ta bututun Nord Stream 1, daga adadin kubic 170 zuwa 40 a kowacce rana.

A farkon watan Yuli kuma, Rasha ta rufe daukacin bututun Nord stream 1 na kwanaki 10, tare da fakewar suna bukatar gyara.

Jim kadan bayan nan, bayan sake budewa, sai Gazprom ya koma tura kashi 20 na iskar gas, sama da rabin abin da yake aikewa tun da fari.

Hakan ya janyo baki dayan gas din da take turawa kasashen Turai ya koma kashi 10 a kowacce rana.

Farashin gas ya tashi da kashi 450, sama da abin da aka gani a bara.

"A yanzu kasuwar ta cushe, duk wani yunkuri na rage yawan gas din da ake samu zai janyo gagarumar matsala da kara farashinsa," in ji Carole Nakhle, shugabar kamfanin da ke sharhi kan makamashi mai suna Crystol Energy.

"Wannan zai janyowa tattalin arzikin Turai tafiyar hawainiya, da fadawa cikin matsin tattalin arziki.

Gazprom ya ce sun dakatar da aikin ne saboda su na bukatar rufe daya daga cikin bututan domin a yi gyaran da aka saba, sai dai kasashen Turai sun ce lamarin ba haka yake ba.

Gwamnatin Jamus ta ce babu wani dalili ko na gyaran da ake yi da zai sanya Gazprom daukar matakin.

Shugaban hukumar makamashi a Trayyar Turai, Kadri Samson, ya kira mataki da na siyasa.

Shi kuwa shugaban Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky, ya ce Rash ana amfani da iskar gas a matsayin makamin yaki da daukar fansa kan matakin kasashen Turai na goyon bayan kasarsa kan mamayar Ukraine.

"Rasha na ci gaba da amfani da gas a matsayin makami," in ji Kate Dourian, ta cibiyar makamashi da ke birnin Landan.

"Tana kokarin nuna har yanzu ita ce sahun gaba a samar da iskar gas a duniya, sannan za ta iya mayar da martini kan takunkuman Turai ta hanyar janye gas din."

Tun bayan barkewar yaki tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, kasar Jamus ke kokarin samar da wata kafa da za ta dinga samun iskar gas daga kasashen Norway da Netherlands.

Har ta yi kokarin sayen tasoshin iskar gas biyar da ke kan ruwa, domin tara gas din da aka tace daga kasashen Qatar, da Amirka, in ji Ms Dourian.

Haka kuma wannan na nufin gina sabbin bututai daga tekun zuwa sassan Jamus, wannan aiki ka iya daukar watanni kafin kammalawa.

"Ba za ka iya gina wani abu kan gas din Rasha, kamar yadda Jamus ta yi ba, da sauya inda kake samun gas cikin sauri," in ji Ms Nakhle.

Kasashen Italiya da Sifaniya na kokarin samun gas daga Algeria.

Jamus ma na kokarin kara amfani da makamashin Kwal, da kara yawan cibiyoyin lantarkinsu, wanda ake shirin rufewa duk da illar da ka iya yi wa muhalli, amma hakan dai ake kokarin aikatawa.

Ms Dourian ta kara da cewa "Mataki ne da zai shafi kowa, kowa na daukar irin na shi matakin domin magance matsalar karancin makamashi, da neman hanyar warware matsalar." 

Ta yaya Turai ke rage bukatar gas da ake fama da shi?

Tarayyar Turai ta na aiki tukuru, domin rage amfani da iskar gas da kashi 15 cikin 100.

Tuni wasu ‘yan kasashen Turai suka fara daukar mataki da kansu.

"A Jamus, mutane sun fara sayan murhu mai amfani da katako, da amfani da makamshin sola domin samun hasken wuta.

Mutane da dama na daukar matakin da suke ganin za su rage dogaro da iskar gas," in ji Ms Nakhle.

Ta kara da cewa ya kamata a gane matsalar ta wuce duk inda ake zato na karancin gas da kasashen Turai za su fuskanta.