Ko za a iya kamo Putin a kai shi kotun duniya kan laifin yaƙi?

Duk da yake, Kotun Hukunta Manyan Laifuka ta Duniya (ICC) da ke birnin Hague ta ba da sammacin a kamo mata Shugaba Vladimir Putin na Rasha, wannan wani matakin farko ne kawai, na wani tsari mai tsayin gaske.

Kotun ƙarara, ta yi imani cewa akwai isassun shaidu da za a iya tuhumar shugaban na Rasha kan laifukan yaƙin da ya tafka a Yukren.

Sai dai, matsalolin zahiri da tsare-tsaren aiki masu sarƙaƙiya wajen bin kadin irin wannan shari'a, suna da matuƙar yawa.

To ko yaya tsarin kamowa da gurfanar da Putin a gaban shari'a zai kasance? Amma da farko ma....

Wane ne zai iya kamo Putin?

A yanzu, shugaban Rashan yana cin moriyar wani gagarumin ikon da ba mai iya ja da shi a ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, don haka babu yiwuwar fadar Kremlin za ta kama Putin ta damƙa shi hannun kotun duniya.

Kuma matuƙar ya ci gaba da zamansa a Rasha, ba ya fuskantar wani hatsari na kamu.

Amma fa ana iya kama Putin, a tsare shi matuƙar ya bar ƙasar ya fita waje.

Sai dai kasancewar da ma tuni 'yancin shugaban na tafiye-tafiye, ya yi matuƙar taƙaita, sakamakon takunkuman da ƙasashen duniya suka lafta masa.

Ba abu ne mai yiwuwa ba, ya je wata ƙasa da za ta iya kama shi, ta kai shi gaban shari'a.

Tun lokacin da dakarun Rasha suka mamaye ƙasar Yukren a watan Fabrairun 2022, ƙasa takwas kawai Shugaba Putin ya kai ziyara.

Bakwai daga ciki, yana ɗaukarsu ne a matsayin wani "ɓangaren ƙetare na kusa" da Rasha - wato dai wani sashen ƙasar Tarayyar Sobiyet da ta wargaje a ƙarshen 1991.

Wani wuri da ya kai ziyara a baya-bayan nan wanda bai shiga cikin wancan lissafi ba, shi ne ƙasar Iran.

Ya kai ziyara ne a watan Yulin bara don ganawa da Babban Jagoran addinin ƙasar, Ali Khamenei.

Tuni dai Iran take taimaka wa Rasha a yaƙin da take yi, ta hanyar samar mata da jirage marasa matuƙa da sauran kayan aikin sojoji.

Kuma ko da Putin ya sake kai irin wannan ziyara birnin Tehran, ba abu ne mai yiwuwa ba, masu masaukin nasa su kama shi.

Amma da gaske za a iya gurfanar da Putin gaban shari'a?

A nan, akwai manya-manyan tarnaƙi a ƙalla guda biyu. Na farko, Rasha ba ta yarda da hurumin kotun ICC ba.

An kafa kotun ta duniya ne a shekara ta 2002, ta hanyar wata yarjejeniya da aka fi sani da suna Daftarin Roma.

Wannan daftari ya gindaya sharaɗin cewa alhakin kowacce ƙasa ne, ta yi aiki da hurumin kundin hukunta manyan laifukanta a kan mutanen da aka samu da hannu wajen aikata laifukan da suka shafi ƙasashen duniya.

Kotun ICC za ta iya shiga cikin wani batu ne kawai, idan wata ƙasa ba za ta iya yin bincike kuma ta gurfanar da mutanen da suka akata laifi a gaban kotu ba.

A ciki duk, ƙasashe guda 123 sun amince su yi biyayya da wannan ƙa'ida, sai dai akwai wasu muhimman ƙasashe da aka yi wa togaciya, ciki kuwa har da Rasha.

Wasu ƙasashe, cikinsu har da Yukren, sun sa hannu a kan yarjejeniyar, amma ba su kammala amincewa da ita a hukumance ba.

Kun ga tun daga nan, matsayin wannan shari'a tuni ya fara tangal-tangal.

Abu na biyu kuma, ko da yake, ba sabon abu ba ne a gudanar da shari'a, ba tare da wanda ake ƙara ya tsaya a gaban kotu ba, to a nan ma, ba zaɓi ne mai yiwuwa ba.

Kotun duniya ba ta yin shari'o'inta a bayan idon wanda ake tuhuma, don haka ita ma wannan ƙofar a rufe take ɓam.

To wane ne ya taɓa fuskantar irin wannan shari'ar?

Maganar yi wa mutane shari'a a kan laifukan take 'yancin ɗan'adam, tsohon abu ne, don kuwa ta faro ne da daɗewa, tun ma kafin a kafa kotun ICC.

Abin ya faro ne a 1945 bayan Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, da Shari'o'in Nuremberg, waɗanda aka yi don hukunta manyan jami'an gwamnatin Nazi ta ƙasar Jamus saboda kisan kiyashi da suka yi wa Yahudawa (Holocaust) da sauran miyagun laifuka da suka aikata.

Waɗanda aka yi wa shari'ar sun haɗar da mataimakin jagoran Nazi Rudolf Hess, wanda aka yanke wa hukuncin ɗaurin rai-da-rai kafin ya kashe kansa da hannunsa a 1987.

Haƙiƙanin gaskiya ma dai, ba a tuhumi Mista Putin da laifukan tauye 'yancin ɗan'adam ba, ko da yake Mataimakiyar Shugaban Amurka tana cewa a ganinta ya kamata a yi hakan.

Kuma idan aka yi masa, nan ma za a shiga halin gaba kura, baya sayaki ne a shari'ance.

Domin kuwa, Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya ta ce, "laifukan keta haƙƙin ɗan'adam har yanzu ba a kai ga tsara su a cikin kundi na wata tabbataciyyar yarjejeniya ta dokokin ƙasashen duniya ba.

Saɓanin laifukan kisan kiyashi da laifukan yaƙi, duk da yake ana ta ƙoƙari don yin hakan."

Akwai kuma wasu hukumomi na musamman da suka so hukunta wasu mutane da aka zarga da laifukan yaƙi.

Cikinsu har da Kotun Duniya ta Musamman mai Hukunta Manyan Laifukan da aka tafka a tsohuwar Yugoslabiya, wata cibiya ce ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da ta wanzu daga 1993 zuwa 2017.

A wancan lokacin, kotun ta samu mutum 90 da laifi kuma ta yanke musu hukunci.

Sai dai, ga alama mutumin da za a iya cewa shi ne mafi ƙaurin suna a cikin waɗanda aka samu da hannu, tsohon Shugaban Yugoslabiya Slobodan Milosevic ne, wanda ya mutu sakamakon bugun zuciya lokacin da yake tsare a shekara ta 2006.

Amma kotun ICC fa?

Zuwa yanzu a hukumance ta tuhumi mutum 40 ne da laifi, baya ga Putin, dukkansu kuma daga ƙasashen Afirka.

Daga ciki, ta tsare mutum 17 a birnin Hague, 10 a cikinsu ta same su da laifi, sannan ta sallami mutum huɗu waɗanda ba ta samu da laifi ba.

Me hakan ke nufi ga yaƙin Yukren?

Ana kallon sammacin kama Putin a matsayin wata manuniya daga ƙasashen duniya cewa abin da ke faruwa a Yukren, ya saɓa da dokokin ƙasashen duniya.

Kotun ta ce dalilin da ya sa ta fito bainar jama'a ta sanar da irin wannan sammaci shi ne, laifukan da ake aikatawan ana ci gaba da yin su.

Kuma yin haka, ƙoƙari ne na hana ci gaba da aikata laifukan.

Sai dai, babban martanin da aka ji daga Rasha zuwa yanzu shi ne, ta sa ƙafa ta shure sammacin, wanda ta bayyana a matsayin wata shiririta kawai.

Alal haƙiƙa ma, fadar Kremlin ta musanta cewa dakarun ƙasar sun aikata wasu miyagun laifuka a Yukren.

Har ma mai magana da yawun Shugaba Putin ya bayyana matakin kotun ta duniya ( ICC ) da cewa "ya shallake hankali kuma ba za a amince da shi ba".

A lokacin da take fuskatar irin wannan turjiya, ga alama ba abu ne mai yiwuwa ba matakan kotun duniya, su iya yin wani tasiri kan yaƙin da Rasha take yi a Yukren - yayin da "ayyukan musamman na sojin" Rasha a Yukren ke ci gaba da murƙushe rayukan al'umma ba tare da tausayawa ba.