Yadda ramin black hole mai haɗiye duniyoyi a samaniya ya yi gagarumin aman wuta

Wata gagarumar fashewa da ba a taɓa jin irinta ba ta auku a ramin black hole (ko kuma baƙin rami) mai haɗiye duniyoyi da taurari da ke sararin samaniya, wanda girmansa ya ninka na rana sau miliyan 30.

Masana ilimin samaniya sun gano hasken fashewar bayan wani haske mai cike da tururi ya walƙa kuma ya ɓace nan da nan. Yayin da yake ɓacewar, ƙarfin yanayi ya jawo abubuwa da ƙarfin tsiya zuwa cikin sama da saurin da ya kai gudun kilomita 60,000 cikin daƙiƙa ɗaya.

Binciken da aka wallafa a mujallar Astronomy & Astrophysics, ya nuna cewa akwai iska mai haddasa wuta kamar wadda take kusa da rana.

Mene ne baƙin rami?

Duk da cewa ana kiran su rami, black hole ba ainahin rami ba ne. Wasu ɓurɓushin abubuwa ne manya-manya amma kuma a wurare ƙanana, kamar yadda hukumar kula da sararin samaniya ta Amurka Nasa ta bayyana. Suna manne da juna ta yadda ƙarfinsu ba ya barin wani abu ya tsallake su - hatta haske.

Suna cikin abubuwan da har yanzu ɗan'adam bai gama sani ba a duniyar taurari da ta wata.

Ramukan black holes na da girma ninkin biliyoyi na girman rana. Akwai su a cikin kusan kowane babban wata.

Kewaye suke da fayafayai na iskar gas da ƙura, waɗanda black hole ɗin ke haɗiyewa saboda ƙarfinsa.

Yayin da black hole ke hadiye su, faifan na ƙara zafi sosai tare da fitar da haske mai tsawo da launi daban-daban.

Haka nan, yana fitar da iska mai ɗauke da ɓurɓushin abubuwa masu wuta da ka iya shafar haihuwar sababbin taurari.

"Ba mu taɓa ganin black hole ya haifar da iska mai sauri kamar haka ba," a cewar shugaban masu binciken Liyi Gu na cibiyar Space Research Organisation Netherlands (SRON).

Black hole ɗin da ake ta nazarta yana tsakiyar duniyar taurari ne mai nisan shekaru miliyan 130 daga duniyarmu ta Earth.

Domin gane shi da kyau, masu bincike sun yi amfani da na'urar hangen nesa biyu domin sanin haƙiƙanin abin da ke faruwa.

Daga ciki akwai XMM-Newton telescope na hukumar European Space Agency (ESA).

Ɗayan kuma shi ne X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) telescope, wanda hukumar Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Jaxa) da haɗin gwiwar ESA da Nasa suka samar.

Sashen da ke samun haske daga black hole, ana kiran sa da Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN).

"Da alama iskar da ke kusa da black hole na samuwa ne saboda yadda maganaɗinsu AGN yake juyawa - kamar dai irin harsunan wutar da ake samu daga rana, amma suna da girman da ba za a iya kwatantawa ba," kamar yadda Matteo Guainazzi, mai aiki kan ESA XRISM ya bayyana.

Camille Diez, ɗaya daga cikin masu bincike a ESA, ta ce maganaɗisun AGN masu ɗauke da iska "na taka muhimmiyar rawa" game da girman taurari a tsawon lokaci.

"Saboda girman tasirinsu, samun ƙarin bayani kan maganaɗinsu AGN da yadda suke harbo iska kamar wannan, abu ne mai muhimmanci wajen fahimtar aikin taurari a duniyarsu," in ji ta.

Sirrin duniyoyi

Binciken ya nazarci yadda iskar da ke fitowa daga black hole ke rikiɗewa zuwa fashewar rana, wanda ake kira coronal mass ejections a Turance. Wannan na faruwa ne ta hanyar fitar da ɓurɓushi daga jikin rana wanda kuma yake iya shafar duniyarmu ta Earth.

Sukan faru a lokuta da dama lokaci ɗaya da fitar harasan wuta daga rana - wato lokacin da tururin maganaɗinsun AGN da aka adana ke fantsamowa.

"Bayan sun kusanci babban ramin black hole, na'urorin biyu sun gano abin da ba mu taɓa gani ba a baya: iska mai ɗankaren sauri kuma mai ɗauke da wuta irin waɗanda ke taruwa kusa da rana," in ji Erik Kuulkers, ɗaya daga masu binciken ESA XMM-Newton.