Icukumbura rya BBC Africa Eye: Ijoro baza gutwara abana bacu

Nyuma gato ya saa sita z’ijoro tariki 06 Nzeri(9) 2022, Musah Mustafa yasohotse mu nzu ye y’ibyatsi kugira ngo yitunganye maze abona imodoka ebyiri zihuta ziza zigana mu mudugudu wabo muto.

Mogyigna yari umudugudu muto cyane. Yari ituwe n’abantu batarenze mirongo mu nzu zitageze ku icumi, yari nk’akadomo mu gice kinini cy’ubuhinzi mu majyaruguru ya Ghana.

Imodoka cyari ikintu kidasanzwe hano, reka noneho kuzihabona nijoro. Musah yihishe inyuma y’igiti arareba. Abonye mu modoka havuyemo abagabo bane bafite imbunda yarasakuje mu kugerageza gukangura abaturanyi.

Ariko mbere y’uko hari ugira icyo akora, ba bagabo bari binjiye mu nzu nkeya basohoramo abana bane, Fatima umukobwa w’imyaka 11 bamusohoye bamufashe amaboko n’amaguru bamuvanye mu cyumba yari aryamyemo na nyirakuru.

Nyirakuru Sana bamushyize imbunda ku ijosi, asaba imbabazi. Ntabwo yumvaga impamvu barimo gutwara abana gutya. Ba nyirarume babiri ba bariya bana nabo barabatwaye. Sana yari afite ubwoba ko atazongera kubabona ukundi.

Mu mboni y’abaturage ba Mogyigna, uku ni ugushimuta gukomeye kwari kubaye. Ariko si ugushimuta.

Mu buryo bw’amategeko, ni igikorwa cyo gutabara cyakozwe na polisi ya Ghana, bashingiye ku itegeko ryo kurwanya icuruzwa ry’abantu. Aba bana boherejwe mu kigo kibitaho.

Iki gikorwa cyo kubatwara cyatekerejwe n’ikigo gifasha cyo muri Amerika, International Justice Mission (IJM) gifite n’ishami muri Ghana.

IJM ni kimwe mu bigo bikomeye ku isi mu kurwanya icuruzwa ry’abantu, giterwa inkunga ya miliyoni zigera ku $100 ku mwaka mu myaka ibiri ishize.

Ariko iperereza rya BBC Africa Eye, ryabonye ko IJM yavanishije abana mu miryango yabo ku bimenyetso bicye cyane cyangwa nta nabyo byerekana ko baba baracurujwe.

Amakuru yacu agaragaza ko ubu buryo bwo kuvana abana aho bari ku ngufu bifite imizi ku muco wo kugera ku ntego runaka uri muri IJM.

Twabonye inyandiko ebyiri ku bikorwa bibiri byo gutabara aho abana batwawe mu buryo buteye ubwoba, ku ngufu, kandi bitari byo, ndetse benewabo w’abo bana bagakurikiranwa nk’abanyabyaha. Umwe muri abo bana ni Fatima.

Muri Ghana, IJM yibanda ku gutabara abana batwawe gukoreshwa imirimo nk’abacakara ku kiyaga cya Volta, kimwe mu biyaga binini ku isi byakozwe n’abantu.

Abantu bagera ku 300,000 babeshejweho n’iki kiyaga, abana bakoreshwa mu burobyi: bamwe bafasha imiryango yabo kuroba, abandi bakoreshwa na ba nyiri amato bakabahemba ubusabusa cyangwa ntibanabahembe.

Hari amakuru macye cyane yigenga ku mibare y’abana bakoreshwa kuri iki kiyaga Volta. Inyigo ya IJM yo mu 2016 ivuga ko hejuru ya 1/2 cy’abana bakoreshwa kuri iki kiyaga ari abacurujwe.

Mu 2015, IJM yatangije gutabara abana basangaga mu twato tw’imbaho muri icyo kiyaga, ariko mu 2018 ibi babihinduyemo ibitero bya nijoro ku ngo ziri hafi y’ikiyaga aho byavugwaga ko abana babaraza.

Igitero muri ririya joro i Mogyigna ni kimwe muri ibyo. Bagihaye izina rya Operation Hilltop.

Africa Eye yatangiye guperereza IJM nyuma yo kumenya ko hari impungenge kubyo ikora muri Ghana maze ishakira akazi umunyamakuru aba umukozi muri icyo kigo.

Mu gihe Operation Hilltop yatangiraga, twashoboraga kugenzura ibyo abakozi baganiraga ku rubuga rwa IJM rya WhatsApp. Twageze kandi ku nyandiko zijyanye n’icyo gikorwa, biha Africa Eye amakuru yimbitse ku mugambi wabo, uko wakozwe n’ibyawukurikiye.

Ibimenyetso byerekana ko mu gihe IJM yabwiraga abakorana nayo muri polisi no ku bigo bindi bifasha ko bariya bana bane bari baracurujwe, imbere muri icyo kigo batabivugagaho rumwe.

Mu butumwa ushinzwe amategeko muri IJM yoherereje abo muri iki kigo kuri iriya ‘operation’ yavuze ko “nta kimenyetso cyo gucuruzwa” kuri Fatima n’abandi bana babiri bakuwe i Mogyigna ririya joro.

Umwe muri bo, mubyara wa Fatima witwa Mohammed, niho harimo ibimenyetso byo gucuruzwa, nk’uko uwo munyamategeko abivuga – umwanzuro nawo ugibwaho impaka n’umuryango wa Mohammed.

Ariko ‘operation’ yo gutwara bariya bana bane, b’imyaka hagati y’itanu na 11, yarakomeje iraba kuko IJM yanzuye ko abo bana bari bageramiwe no gukoreshwa imirimo ivunanye, ikibazo nubwo gikomeye, kitari gikwiye gutuma batwarwa muri buriya buryo buteye ubwoba.

Ubutumwa bw’imbere muri iki kigo buvuga ko kuko abo bana batari bari mu ishuri kandi “bakoreshwa amasaha leta ivuga ko badakwiye gukora, kandi badahabwa imibereho ikwiye bityo byari bikenewe ko batabarwa.”

Fatima n’abandi bana batatu bashyizwe mu nzu ya IJM n’abafatanyabikorwa bayo, batandukanyijwe na bene wabo mu gihe cy’amezi arenga ane, mbere y’uko iperereza ry’urwego rureba imibereho rwa leta ya Ghana rwanzuye ko abo bana batari baracurujwe, ko bityo bakwiye gusubizwa imiryango yabo.

Fatima ubu yasubiye iwabo, aho abana na nyirakuru Sana, naho se wa Mohammed yanzuye ko uyu muhungu ajya kuba ahandi, na se w’abandi bana babiri nawe abyanzura atyo.

Ubwo Africa Eye yasuraga Mogyigna, amezi atanu nyuma ya ya ‘operation’, abaturage baho batubwiye ko bishimiye ko abana bagaruwe, ariko ko ingaruka za kiriya gitero n’ubu bakizifite.

Fatima avuga ko abonye itsinda rya BBC rije yagize ngo ni abaje kumutwara nanone.

Kuri rya joro rya ‘Operation Hilltop’, uyu mukobwa w’imyaka 11 agira ati: “Nagize ubwoba bwinshi ntangira kurira. Nari nzi ko batujyanye kutwica. Ntabwo twari tuzi aho batujyanye.”

Ari aho bamujyanye yari azi ko “nyogokuru, sogokuru, na ba marume bapfuye.”

Yongeraho ati: “Bantwara, nararize cyane kubera gutekereza umuryango wanjye.”

Ba nyirarume wa Fatima, Nantogma Abukari na Sayibu Alhassan, batawe muri yombi muri kiriya gitero.

Bashinjwe gucuruza abana no gukoresha abana imirimo, bakoresha utwo bari barizigamiye twose mu kujya kuburana. Buri rugendo no kugaruka n’ibisabwa byabatwaraga amacedis 1,500 ya Ghana ($132 asanga 150,000Frw) ibyo babayemo hafi amezi abiri.

Amaherezo urubanza rwabo bararutsinze baba abere, ariko n’ubu bikomeza kubakurikirana.

Bamwe mubo mu miryango yabo ntibakibavugisha, nk’uko babivuga, kuko bakeka ko “bakoranye” mu buryo runaka, “n’abantu bari batwaye abana”.

Mu gusubiza ibibazo bya BBC ku kibazo cya Fatima, IJM ishimangira ko igikorwa cyayo cyagenze neza, ikajyana gutuza bariya bana bane na ba se ahantu hizewe.

Mu iperereza rya BBC kuri ‘Operation Hilltop’, twabonye ikindi gikorwa nk’iki kirimo ibibazo. Ni igikorwa cyakozwe mu 2019 aho umwana w’umuhungu n’umuvandimwe we bavanywe mu muryango naho nyina, Mawusi Amlade, akatirwa gufungwa imyaka itanu ku cyaha cyo gucuruza abana.

Icyababaje cyane Amlade ni ugutandukanywa n’abana be agafungwa, atazi uko bamerewe.

Yabwiye Africa Eye ati: “Sinari nzi aho babajyanye, nahoraga mbatekereza, nta kindi natekerezaga.”

Hashize imyaka ibiri, mu buryo butangaje, urubanza rwaciriwe Amlade rwakuweho nyuma y’uko ikindi kigo cyo muri Amerika cyitwa Sudreau Global Justice Institute - gifatanya na IJM – kibigiyemo.

Sudreau ntabwo yafunguje Amlade gusa mu kujurira, ahubwo yanamamaje ibye mu bukangurambaga bwo gushaka abaterankunga mu kurenganura abantu.

Muri ‘post’ bashyize kuri Instagram nyuma bakayikuraho, Sudreau ivuga ko Amlade ari “umubyeyi w’abana babiri warenganyijwe ashinjwa icyaha gikomeye”.

Imyaka ine nyuma yabwo, Amlade n’ubu ntarahuzwa n’abana be.

Sudreau yabwiye BBC ko ikora ukwayo na IJM ukwayo, nubwo bafitanye ubufatanye, kandi ko nta kugongana kw’inyungu guhari.

Mu itangazo, IJM ivuga ko “itagena niba icyabaye cyo gucuruza abana gikurikiranwa mu nkiko cyangwa niba umuntu afungwa akaregwa ibyaha”.

Umunyamakuru wa Africa Eye wigize umukozi wabo, yari mu biganiro byinshi byafasha kumvikanisha ibyagendaga nabi muri iki kigo kivuga ko kigamije gufasha abakene.

Mu biganiro byafashwe amashusho mu ibanga hamwe n’umukozi wa IJM, uyu munyamakuru yabwiwe ko abakozi ba IJM bagomba gutabara umubare runaka bakanakora kuburyo hakurikiranwa umubare runaka mu nkiko.

Undi mukozi yavuze ko abakozi ba IJM bangiwe kuzamurwa umushahara cyangwa se bashoboraga kwirukanwa mu gihe batageze kuri izo ntego.

Mu kiganiro kindi ku ruhande, umunyamakuru yabajije umukozi ukora iperereza wa IJM uko byagenda igihe uwoherejwe gutwara abana bimunaniye. Yaramusubije ati: “Ntitwavuga ngo twabuze n’umwe, tugomba kugira abo tubona.”

Dr Sam Okyere, umwalimu muri University of Bristol wakoreye ku kiyaga Volta akora ubushakashatsi ku bikorwa byo gutabara abana, yarebye amashusho y’ibiganiro byafashwe mu ibanga maze avuga impungenge z’ikiboneka nk’umuco wo kugera ku ntego runaka.

Yabwiye BBC ko akazi ko muri IJM gahemba neza kandi kifuzwa na benshi.

Ati: “Ubwoba bwo kubura akazi kifuzwa busobanuye ko abantu bashobora kurenga imbibi kugira ngo bagere ku ntego.”

Kuri uwo muco wo gukorera ku ntego runaka mu gikorwa nk’iki cyo gutabara, iki kigo kigira kiti: “IJM Ghana ishyiraho intego zigamije kugenzura umumaro wayo mu guha ubufasha bukwiye ubutegetsi mu guhagarika icuruzwa ry’abana.”

IJM ihakana ko abakozi bayo bahanwa iyo bananiwe kugera ku ntego runaka.

Ivuga ko abakozi bayo muri Ghana “bayoborwa kandi ari abanyagihugu bafasha abategetsi ba Ghana kugarura abana bacurujwe no gufasha abo bana kumererwa neza, no guhagarika abakoresha abana mu buryo butemewe.”

Yongeraho ko “Imikorere yacu ishyira imbere kumererwa neza k’umwana. Ibikorwa 76 IJM Ghana yafashijemo abategetsi ba Ghana byatabaye abana amagana bashyirwa ahantu hizewe.”

IJM yasohoye amashusho arata akazi kabo muri Ghana, aho abayirimo bakina mu buryo buteye impuhwe aho umwana ahuzwa na sekuru nyuma yo gutabarwa akuwe kuri cya kiyaga. Iyi video, abayikoze bavuga ko yatumye IJM ibona inkunga zingana na miliyoni $1.25.

Ariko igihe Fatima, umwana wa nyawe ufite abamwitaho, yasubizwaga iwabo, nta kintu nk’icyo cyo kwishimira cyabaye.

Sekuru wa Fatima, warebaga ubwo abagabo bafite imbunda binjiraga ku ngufu mu nzu ye bagatwara umwuzukuru we, yapfuye Fatima ataragarurwa.

Fatima ati: “Sogokuru yaradukundaga, yajyaga aduha impano. Ngarutse ngasanga adahari nararize kandi nkibaza ngo tuzongera kumubona he?”