Uganda: Gutanga no gutera ingingo vyahaye icizere benshi

Na Patience Atuhaire

BBC News, Kampala

Inama nshingamateka ya Uganda iriko yihweza neza integuro y’itegeko ryotuma abantu bashobora guhabwa no guterwa ingingo z’umubiri (zivuye ku wundi muntu – transplants), ivyo akaba ari ubwa mbere bizoba bibaye muri ico gihugu aho vyitezwe ko bizohindura ubuzima bw’abantu benshi barindiriye gukorwa (kubagwa). 

Annita Twongyeirwe yari yizigiye kazoza keza.

Ariko kuva aho apimwe agatorwa indwara y’amafyigo haraheze imyaka itatu, uwo mugore w’imyaka 28 ubu arajwe ishinga ro kugirirwa dialyse canke kwibaza igikurikira.

Avuga ati “yarantwaye ubuzima”, asa n’uwaneshejwe.

Iyo umuntu ariko aragirirwa dialyse, imashini ikora ivyategerezwa gukorwa n’amafyigo, ikayungurura amaraso iyavanamwo ibidakenewe mu mu mubiri hamwe no gusohora ibitembabuzi vy’umurengera.

Kugorerwa dialyse imwe bifata amasaha hafi ane kandi ategerezwa kuja kwa muganga kabiri mu ndwi.

Hagati y’izo ncuro zibiri, umwanya munini awumara muhira- ku ncuti – afasha mu dukorwa ashoboye, youngera agumiza ijisho ku mugwi wa Whatsapp yashinze aho abagenzi n’abandi bantu b’umutima mwiza bamuha amafaranga y’intererano.

Avuga ati: “Nari umukobwa w’ishaka. Nashaka gushika kure mu mashure. Hari aho nari kuba umugenzi canke umugore w’umuntu akomeye, ivyo vyose ubu ntibigishobotse. Yantwaye [indwara] indoto zanje zose nari mfise.“

Aronse ifyigo aterwa, izo ndoto zishobora kugaruka.

Ariko kuja gukorwa hanze, kandi gushika ubu nta guhitamwo afise, vyomusaba ama dorari 30.000 (arenga 60.000.000 mu mafaranga y’Uburundi)- kandi ayo si benshi bashobora kuyaronka.

Amajana y’abanya-Uganda, badashobora kuronka ayo mafaranga nk’uko kwa Twongyeirwe, babayeho kuri dialyse umwanya biba bigishobotse, ariko no ku giciro cunganiwe ca $100 (200.000 mu mafaranga yUburundi) ku ndwi y’iyo dialyse n’imiti, arenga incuro zitanu amafanga umuntu yinjiza muri Uganda muri rusangi, vyumvikana ko abantu imparurwa ari bo bonyene bashobora kuyaronka.

Ibitaro bikuru vya Kirrudu ku nkengera z’umurwa mukuru, Kampala, nivyo vyonyene vya reta bikora dialyse.

Abarwayi bashika 200 nibo bitura ivyo bitaro batararanya, benshi bakaba bakora ingendo ndende kugira bashikeyo.

Ariko abo ni bake cane ugereranije n’abari mu gihugu babayeho bafise amafyigo adakora neza kandi bakeneye ubuvuzi budasanzwe.

Dr Daniel Kiggundu, umuganga umwe rudende w’umuhinga w’amafyigo kuri ivyo bitaro, yabwiye BBC ko “baca baheba imiryango yabo bakaja kuba hafi y’ibitaro.

“Uko siko bategerezwa kubaho.”

Ico cumba cuzuye urwamo rw’amamashini abaforoma baguma bakurakuranya bariko baritaho abarwaye.

Bamwe mu bariko barakorerwa iyo dialyse bafise amagara make cane, baja baratwarwa n’agatiro bongera bikangura, mu gihe abandi bicaye batera inkuru.

Abavurwa bashirwa mu igwi ibiri ku munsi, umugwi umwe umwe ukaba urimwo abantu bashika 30.

Uburyo bw’ico gisata buhakwa gato kurengerwa, bitagutuma ata mwanya munini uboneka wo gutegura umurwayi aba ashikiriwe.

Iyo Twongyeirwe yimirije kujayo, aca arara ku bitaro kugira ntazocererwe.

Yatanguye kumenya ko atameze neza igihe umubiri wiwe wose watangura kuvyimba mu 2018 aca amara amezi umunani ava ku bitaro aja ku bindi imbere y’uko atorwa ico arwaye. Ubuzima bwiwe bwaciye bucurama.

Yaciye aheba kaminuza aho yariko ariga amategeko yongera atakaza akazi yari afise.

Yaciye kandi yimuka ava iwabo mu burengero bwa Uganda aja ku murwa mukuru Kampala, kugira abe ahegereye ibitaro.

I muhira, uwo mugore avuga bukebuke aroza ivyombo neza, ku buryo, uretse pansuma ku kuboko, utomemenya ko avuye muri dialyse.

'Numva umengo ndi umuzigo'

Avuga ati: "Iyo mvuye kwa muganga ndaruhuka kuko umubiri wose uba wajegenyutse. Mu nyuma ndakora udukorwa tumwe tumwe hafi y’inzu kugira singume nicaye.”

 Madame Twongyeirwe araterereza mu ncuti n’abagenzi amafaranga akenewe buri ndwi.

“Numva umenga ndi umuzigo ku bantu bamfasha kuriha dialyse. Igihe cose umuntu abonye umuhamagaye, aba azi ko ukeneye kumusaba amafaranga.”

Yaranabajije abaryango ko hari uwokwemera kumuha ifyigo.

Avuga ko hari muvyarawe yari yemeye ariko mu nyuma arabivamwo.

N’aho uwo yamwemereye atari kubivamwo, Madame Twongyeirwe yobanje guterereza amafaranga hanyuma akarondera uruhusha rwo kwa muganga kugira agende hanze kwibagisha.

Hamwe iryo tegeko ryokwemezwa, imwe mu ntambamyi yoba ihavuye.

Uganda kizoba kibaye kimwe mu bihugu bike vyo muri Afrika, birimwo Afrika y’Epfo, Tunisia na Kenya, bifise amategeko hamwe n’ibitaro vyo gutera abantu ingingo batiriwe barajabuka imbibe z’ibihugu vyabo.

Gushika ubu Turkia na n’Ubuhindi nivyo bihugu abanya-Uganda barwaye amafyigo bakunda kuja kwivuzamwo.

Abantu bo mu muryango wa hafi nibo bonyene bemerewe gutanga ingingo kandi kuja kwivuza hanze bibanza kwemerwa n’urwego rw’abaganga rwa Uganda – kugira ntihagire abatangura gucuruza ingingo canke ngo hagire abantu bahatirwa gutanga ingingo zabo.

Ariko hamwe inama nshingamateka yokwemera iyo nteguro, ibintu vyoca vyoroha kandi amafaranga yo kubagwa no kwivuza yoca amanuka gushika ku $8.000 (hafi miriyoni 16.000.000) z’amafaranga y’Uburundi).

Abashikigiye uwo mugambi bavuga ko Uganda ikeneye amategeko adasanzwe kugira hashirweho urwego rugendera ku ngingo zikomeye kugirango ntihagire ababikoresha nabi.

Iyo nteguro irimwo ishingwa ry’urutonde rw’igihugu rw’abarindiriye guhabwa ingingo hamwe no gushiraho ibigo vy’ubuhinga bwo gutera ingingo mu gihugu.

Icumba co kubaga kiza caramaze gutegurwa mu bitaro bikuru vy’igihugu vya Mulago ku murwa mukuru, Kampala.

Muganga Dr Fualal Jane Odubu, umukuru w’urwego rw’abaganga muri Uganda, avuga ko “bategekanya kandi gutera uduce two mu maso hamwe no gushiraho ububiko bw’urukoba/urusato ku bantu baba bahiye”

Abakozi bo kwa muganga bashika 100, barimwo abaganga babaga, abaforoma hamwe n’abakurikirana ababazwe barahejeje kwiga hanze, cane cane ibijanye no gutera amafyigo.

Uretse icizere iyo nteguro ishobora kuzana, urutonde rw’ababikeneye ruzoguma ari runini, kandi bizosaba gutegerereza amafaranga.

Twongyeirwe avuga ko kwihebura bitigera bibura.

Avuga amosozi ari hafi gukoroka yagize ati: “Bagenzanje b’abarwayi ubu twaramaze kugira umuryango. Iminsi igorana cane n’iyo ugiye kwa muganga ugasanga hari uwapfuye. Ejo bundi twarabuze umwana w’umuhungu kandi vyaratugoye cane kuvyifatamwo”.

Ariko ku bwiwe, iryo tegeko ryohindura ibintu.

“Ryofasha abantu nkatwe kuronka ingingo. Gutanga ifyigo n’uguha umuntu ubuzima bushasha.

“Abantu benshi baratinya amafaranga yo gufata ingendo zo kuja hanze, kandi ushobora gushikayo , hanyuma uwari agiye kuguha ingingo akabivamwo. Urumva ko ivyo vyose bikorewe ngaha mu gihugu ingorane zogabanuka.”