Menya ibi birwa byo muri Caraïbes biguha 'passport' iyo uguzeyo inzu

Inzu zigurishwa zo mu birwa bya Caraïbes (Karayibe) by'iburasirazuba ntabwo gusa ziguha ubwiza bwo kuba witegeye inyanja ahubwo ubu zishobora no kuguha ubwenegihugu.

Inzu nyinshi zirimo kugurishwa ziratanga na 'passport' – kandi impungenge za politike n'imibereho muri Amerika zirimo gutuma benshi bifuza kugura aho hantu.

Ibihugu bitanu, bigizwe ahanini n'ibirwa, ari byo; Antigua & Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St Kitts & Nevis, na St Lucia – birimo guha umuntu ubwenegihugu buzwi nka 'citizenship by investment (CBI)' guhera ku ushoyeyo nibura $200,000 (ni hafi miliyoni 300 Frw).

Ubu kugura yo inzu iri muri ako gaciro birahagije ugahabwa na 'passport' yemerera abayihawe ubwenegihugu busesuye.

Muri Antigua, abagurisha amazu bagowe n'umubare munini w'abarimo kwifuza kugura, nk'uko bivugwa na Nadia Dyson nyiri kompanyi ya Luxury Locations.

Yabwiye BBC ati: "Hejuru ya 70% by'abaguzi bose ubu barifuza ubwenegihugu, kandi benshi muri bo ni abo muri Amerika.

"Ntituvugana na bo politike, ariko kuba bitifashe neza muri politike [muri Amerika] nta kabuza ko ari impamvu.

"Igihe nk'iki umwaka ushize, byari abaguzi basanzwe na bacye ba CBI. Ubu bose baravuga ngo 'Ndashaka inzu n'Ubwenegihugu'. Ntitwigeze tugurisha nyinshi gutya mbere".

Dyson avuga ko bamwe mu bifuza kwimuka bihoraho, ndetse ko bamwe bamaze kwimukira muri iki gihugu.

Abanyamerika ni bo benshi mu bakora ishoramari rigendana n'ubwenegihugu muri Karayibe mu gihe cy'umwaka gishize, nk'uko ikigo kizobereye mu ishoramari rijyana no kwimuka Henley & Partners kibivuga.

Ukraine, Turkiya, Nigeria n'Ubushinwa ni ibihugu bifite abandi baturage benshi basaba bene buriya bwenegihugu muri biriya bihugu by'ibirwa nk'uko Henley & Partners ibivuga.

Iki kigo kivuga ko kuva mu mpera z'umwaka wa 2024 abaguzi bifuza n'ubwenegihugu muri Karayibe biyongereyeho 12%.

Ikindi abaguzi bishimira ni uko 'passport' za biriya bihugu abazifite boroherwa mu ngendo ku isi kubera uburyo politike z'ibihugu byazo zituje kandi zitabonwa nk'iziteje ibibazo ku isi, nk'uko inzobere Dominic Volek abivuga.

Robert Taylor, wo muri Halifax muri Canada, yaguze inzu muri Antigua aho ateganya kujya gutangirira ikiruhuko cy'izabukuru muri uyu mwaka.

Yashoyeyo $200,000 mbere y'uko igipimo fatizo kizamurwa kikagezwa ku 300,000$ mu mpeshyi ishize

Uretse kubona ubwenegihugu binamuha amahirwe yo gukora ibindi bikorwa na business nk'uko abivuga.

Ati: "Nahisemo Antigua kuko ifite amazi meza, abantu baho ni abantu beza kandi hari n'ikirere cyiza gikenewe mu buzima bwanjye busigaye".

Gahunda nk'izi ariko na zo ntizibura ibibazo bizivugwamo.

Ubwo guhabwa ubwenegihugu ku ishoramari byatangiraga mu 2012 leta ya Antigua yabikoze igira ngo izamure ishoramari, ariko bamwe barayinenze.

Abigaragambya bagiye mu mihanda bamagana "kugurisha ubwenegihugu bwacu", nk'uko Gisele Isaac wahoze ari umukuru w'inteko ishingamategeko abivuga.

Abategetsi bo mu bindi bihugu bya Caraïbes bidafite ziriya porogaramu za CBI, barimo Ralph Gonsalves Minsitiri w'intebe wa St Vincent & Grenadines wavuze ko ubwenegihugu budakwiye kuba "igicuruzwa".

Mu baza kugura no gushaka ubwenegihugu hari ubwoba ko kudakurikirana neza bishobora gutuma hinjira abagizi ba nabi.

Ubumwe bw'Uburayi bwaburiye ko bushobora gukuraho kudasaba visa abaturage b'ibi bihugu byo muri Caraïbes bifite porogaramu ya CBI.

Umwe mu bakomiseri mu muryango w'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi yabwiye BBC ko barimo "gukurikirana" biriya bihugu bitanu bya Caraïbes, kandi bakomeje kuganira n'abategetsi babyo kuva mu 2022.

Avuga ko barimo kureba niba 'citizenship by investment(CBI)' itabyara "gukoresha nabi kudasaba visa ibyo bihugu byemererwa n'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi kandi niba bidashobora guteza ikibazo cy'umutekano Ubumwe bw'Uburayi".

Ku ruhande rwabo, biriya bihugu bya Caraïbes byanenze abavuga ko bitagenzurana ubwitonzi abasaba buriya bwenegihugu.

Minisitiri w'intebe wa Dominica, Roosevelt Skerrit, avuga ko igihugu cyabo kigenzura bikomeye iriya gahunda ya CBI.

Leta ye ivuga ko iri shoramari rigendanye no kubona n'ubwenegihugu ryinjirije iki gihugu hejuru ya miliyari imwe y'amadorari ya Amerika kuva ryatangira mu 1993, bigafasha igihugu kubaka ibikorwa-remezo birimo n'ibitaro bikomeye.

Umwaka ushize, Dominica n'u Rwanda byagiranye amasezerano akuraho visa ku baturage b'ibihugu byombi.

Philip J Pierre, Minisitiri w'intebe w aSt Lucia na we avuga ko iki kirwa gishyira imbaraga nyinshi mu gucunga neza ko gahunda yabo ya CBI ikorwa neza kandi ntiteze ibibazo.

Gaston Browne, Ministiri w'intebe wa Antigua avuga ko amafaranga iki gihugu cyavanye muri gahunda ya CBI yatumye kiva mu kaga ko kugwa mu gihombo mu myaka 10 ishize.

Uretse kugura inzu, ubundi buryo bwaguha ubwenegihugu muri Karayibe harimo guha impano ikigega cy'igihugu cyangwa ibindi bisa na cyo. Izo mpano ziratandukanye mu gaciro, zihera ku 200,000$ muri Dominica ku muntu umwe, na 250,000$ ku muntu umwe n'abe bagera kuri batatu.

Muri Antigua abifuza ubwenegihugu bashobora guha impano ya 260,000$ kuri University of the West Indies bakabubona.

Mu gihe hari igitutu cy'amahanga, ibi birwa byiyemeje gukaza ingamba zo gukurikirana izi gahunda zabyo kugira ngo ntizibemo ibinyuranyije n'amategeko.