Cuba 'ntiyigeze igera habi' nk'aha - Uko ibihano bibabaje bya Trump bigejeje abatuye iki kirwa ahakomeye cyane

Abaturage ba Cuba bari mu kaga batigeze babamo kuva mu myaka hafi 100 ishize aho kubura ibitoro kuva mu kwezi kwa mbere byatumye iki gihugu kigenda kibura amashanyarazi, imodoka zitwara ibiribwa n'abagenzi nyinshi zarahagaze, leta yafunze amashuri yisumbuye na za kaminuza, ibitaro birakora mu bushobozi bucye... ubuzima buragana ku guhagarara, buri wese aribaza ngo Cuba ishobora kwihangana kugeza ibindi byumweru bingahe?

Ni gute byageze aha?

Ikigo S&P Global Commodities kivuga ko ubusanzwe 60% by'ibitoro bya Cuba byavaga muri Venezuela, 25% bikava muri Mexique, 10% bikava mu Burusiya. Byose bikahagera bizanywe n'amato y'ubwikorezi.

Kimwe no mu bindi bihugu byinshi ku isi, ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'ibikorwa by'ingenzi by'ubuzima muri Cuba bicungira ku bitoro. Kugira ngo ubyumve, ku kwezi kumwe Cuba yazanaga mu gihugu utugunguro miliyoni 1.2 tw'ibitoro, hejuru y'utugunguru miliyoni 13 ku mwaka.

Cuba, ni umuturanyi uri kuri kilometero zigera ku 150 gusa uvuye i Florida muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ariko urebwa nabi cyane na Washington kuva Ubutegetsi bwa gikomunisti bwafata ubutegetsi bw'iki kirwa mu 1959.

Kuva icyo gihe Washington yakomeje kugenda ifatira ibihano La Havana, ariko iki kirwa kigakomeza kubaho kubera inshuti nka Venezuela, Uburusiya, Mexique, Ubushinwa n'izindi.

Ariko kuva mu mpera z'Ukuboza(12) gushize ubwo Perezida Donald Trump yategekaga abakomando kikajya Caracas bagafata Perezida Maduro bakamujyana muri Amerika, agahinda gakomeye katashye i La Havana kuko bari bazi icyo iki gitero gisobanuye:

Ibitoro bya Venezuela mu maboko ya Amerika.

Bamwe bibwiraga ko Trump ashobora gukomereza no ku butegetsi bwa Cuba, ariko yavuze ko afite ubundi buryo bwo "kurangiza Cuba".

Yabwiye ibihugu byose ko ikizagerageza koherereza ibitoro Cuba agishyiriraho imisoro iri hejuru cyane ku bicuruzwa byacyo bijya ku isoko rutura rya Amerika.

Mexique niyo ahanini yabwirwaga, nk'igihugu cya kabiri cyohereza ibitoro byinshi ku isoko rya Cuba.

Uburusiya bwagenje macye kuko butifuza kwishora mu ntambara ya kabiri butarasoza n'iya mbere bumazemo imyaka hafi itanu.

Izindi nshuti zose za Cuba nazo zagenje macye, izindi ziratinya.

Ibintu byifashe bite ubu muri Cuba?

Kuva mu ntangiriro z'ukwezi kwa mbere, buhoro buhoro ibintu byagiye bigorana kuri iki kirwa cy'abaturage hafi miliyoni 11.

Uko ibitoro byagiye bibura ni ko amashanyarazi agabanuka, ni ko ingendo zihagarara, ni ko ubucuruzi, ubuvuzi, ubukerarugendo, n'imirimo y'ibanze bigenda bihagarara.

Kompanyi y'indege ya Air Canada hamwe n'izindi ebyiri zo mu Burusiya zahagaritse ingendo zijya n'iziva muri Cuba kuko nta bitoro bizivanayo. Canada n'Uburusiya ni byo bihugu bya mbere bivamo abakerarugendo benshi bajya muri Cuba.

Uko ibintu bigenda bikomera, leta yahagaritse imirimo y'ingenzi, itegeka abantu gukorera mu rugo, amashuri menshi kuba afunze. Imihanda mu mijyi ya Cuba muri iki gihe imodoka ziyicamo ziba ari mbarwa.

Mu bice byinshi by'iki kirwa amashanyarazi ashobora amasaha 18 ku munsi yabuze, nk'uko ibinyamakuru byaho bibivuga. Ibi bigira ingaruka uretse no ku buzima busanzwe ahubwo no ku kuvura n'indembe, n'abarwayi bakenera nka 'dialysis' n'ibindi.

Perezida Claudia Sheinbaum wa Mexique – inshuti ya Cuba – mu cyumweru gishize yaburiye isi ko Cuba iri mu kaga gakomeye cyane.

Gusa nawe kubwo gutinya ibihano bya Trump aho kohereza ibitoro yoherereje Cuba ubwato bunini butwaye toni 800 z'imfashanyo irimo ifo y'amata, ibishyimbo, ibikoresho by'isuku, n'ibindi.

Amafoto ava muri Cuba yerekana abantu bicaye ku mihanda bakora ubusa kandi bari mu kababaro kubera uko ibintu byifashe mu gihugu.

Nta bitoro, nta bakerarugendo, nta cash, nta mibereho. Icyumweru gishize inzobere zivuga ko Cuba yari igeze habi kurusha ibindi bihe byose mbere.

Iserukiramuco rikomeye Festival del Habano ribera La Havana buri mwaka mu kwezi kwa kabiri ryo kmurika itabi rya Cuban Cigar – abarinywa bavuga ko riri mu matabi meza cyane ku isi - abaritegura batangaje ko uyu mwaka ritakibaye "kubera ibibazo by'ubukungu".

Ishami rya ONU riharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ryatangaje ko ibihano ubu Washington yafatiye Cuba "bikabije" kandi binyuranyije n'amahame mpuzamahanga y'uburenganzira bwa muntu.

Trump arashaka iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo Perezida Trump yavuze mu byumweru bishize, yumvikanishije ko Cuba idafite ibitoro izaba "irangiye", kandi bisa n'aho ari ko bimeze kuko azi neza intege nke z'iki kirwa.

Ubutegetsi bwa gikomuniste bwa Havana ku myaka 68 bumaze ubu buri mu bihe by'intege nke butigeze bugira mbere.

Abasesenguzi ba politike bavuga ko Trump ashaka gukuraho ubu butegetsi muri Havana adakoresheje ingufu za gisirikare.

Amateka yerekana ko abantu bashonje kandi barakaye nta kindi bakora uretse kwivumbagatanya bagahirika ubutegetsi. Benshi bemeza ko ari yo ntego ya Trump, maze byabaho Amerika ikinjira.

Perezida Trump yabwiye abategetsi ba Cuba ko bagomba kwemera "deal" na we cyangwa iki kirwa kigahura n'ingaruka mbi cyane.

Ku gihe butegetsi bwa Barack Obama diplomasi ya Havana na Washington yahawe umurongo mwiza ariko ibintu byasubiye inyuma kubwa Trump, ubu bigeze ahabi bitigeze bigera mbere nk'uko inzobere muri politiki mpuzamahanga zibivuga.