Abantu bamaze imyaka 12.300 bakoresha itabi - ubushakashatsi buheruka

Imbuto zine z'igiterwa c'itabi zacitse amakara zaratowe mu gicaniro ca kera mu ntara ya Utah bikerekana y'uko abanye Amerika ba kera cane bakoresha ico giterwa haraciye imyaka 12.300.

Gutorwa kw'izo mbuto kwerekana yuko gukoresha itabi ubwa mbere vyabaye imyaka 9000 imbere y'igihe cari gisanzwe kizwi.

Abashakashatsi bemeza yuko abantu bari batunzwe no guhiga hamwe no gutora hirya n'ino ivyo bafungura mu karere ya Great Salt Lake Desert, bashobora kuba baranunuza canke bagasogota (kunywa itabi) amababi y'ico giterwa.

Gushika ubu, ikimenyetso cari kizwi c'ikoreshwa ry'itabi ni inkono y'itabi imaze imyaka 3.300 yatowe i Alabama.

Abahinga muri kahise kanyegeje mu kuzimu (archaeologists) batoye izo mbuto z'ubwaguke bwa milimetero imwe mu kibanza ca kera cane kizwi nka Wishbone, mu buraruko bwa Utah.

Muri ico kibanza, bahanze ibisigarira vy'iciganiro ca kera cari gikikujwe n'ibisharizo bikozwe mu magufa n'amabuye.

Harimwo amagufa y'imbata, udutebe dukozwe mu mabuye, hamwe n'isonga ry'icumu ririko amaraso yavuye ku gikoko kizwi nka mammoth co mu bwoko bw'inzovu za kera.

Ibi vyatowe vyerekana yuko abanye Amerika ba kera bari batunzwe no guhiga hamwe no gutoratora ivyo bafungura, bakoresha itabu bariko barateka canke bahingura ibikoresho, nk'uko bigaragara mu kinyamakuru c'ubuhinga Natural Human Behaviour.

Igiterwa c'itabi camuka ku migabane ya Amerika kandi kirimwo inkabuzo iborera kandi icitsa ingeso izwi nka nicotine.

Itabi ryararimwe cane kandi rikwirakwizwa hose kw'isi nyuma y'umuzo w'abanye Buraya ku migabane ya Amerika mu mpera z'ikinjana ca 15.

Daron Duke wo mu kigo c'ubushashashatsi Far Western Anthropological Research Group, yabwiye ikinyamakuru New Scientist ati: "Izi mbuto z'itabi ni ikintu cadutangaje cane. Ni ntoyi cane kandi kuba zaribitse uko ni ibinti bidasanzwe.

"Ibi bisigura yuko abantu bari bazi ubushobozi bw'itabi bwo kuboreza (gusindisha) kera cane imbere y'uko batangura gutunga ibikoko hamwe no kurima, vyashitsweko imyaka ibihumbi mu nyuma."

Mur iki gihe, akarere ka Great Salt Lake Desert ni ikiyaga kinini cakamye. Ariko imyaka 12.300 mbere, iki kibanza cari cuzuye ubwatsi bwarengewe n'amazi.

Avuga ku bari batunzwe no guhiga hamwe no gutoratora ivyo bafungura bahaba, Bwana Duke agira ati "Tuzi bikeyi cane ku vyerekeye umuco wabo. Ikintu kinteye ubwira cane muri ibi twatoye ni kuba tubonye ikintu kimwe cagirwa mu kibano cabo muri kahise kazwiko bikeyi. Mu mutwe wanje haca hazamwo vyinshi cane."