Ububiko bw'incanco za Covid-19: Miriyoni 241 z'incanco zirashobora gutabwa?

Prezida Joe Biden asaba abategetsi b'isi kwiyemeza gucandaga abashika 70% y'abantu baba kw'isi gushika mu kwezi kw'icenda mu mwaka uza.

Ariko ubushashatsi bwerekana ko ibihugu bikize cane n'ubu bikibitse umusesekara w'incanco, kandi ko nyinshi zishobora gutabwa vuba.

Igihe yafata indege aja muri Iran muri iri ci, Bahar yaranezerewe cane no gusubira kubona se ubwa mbere mu myaka ine. Ntiyari azi ko indwara ya korona yari hafi yo kwugariza ico gihugu - n'umuryango wiwe - mu mupfunda wa kabiri wahitanye abantu benshi.

Ubwa mbere yahitanye umugenzi w'umuryango, yariko arategura ubugeni bw'umuhungu wiwe igihe yafatwa n'indwara. Nta minsi yaheze aca arapfa. Hanyuma hakurikira se wabo wa se, mu nyuma inasenge yari ageze mu za bukuru. Bahar yaciye atangura kwumva ubwoba bwa inakuru yari amaze kuronka urucanco rumwe gusa, akirindiriye urugira kabiri.

Bahar afise imyaka 20 akaba aba muri Amerika aho yaronse urucanco mu kwezi kwa kane.

N'ubwo we yari azi ko akingiwe, yamaze iminsi ya nyuma yiwe y'urugendo atava mu nzu kwa se aguma yibaza uwakurikira mu kurwara korona. Bamwe bamwe mu muryango wiwe bararonse incanco mu gihugu zisanzwe ari nke cane.

Amaze gusubira muri Amerika, yaciye amenya ko se nawe yafashwe n'iyo ndwara. Aho yari kure yiwe, atangura gukongatazwa n'ubwoba.

Avuga ati: "Umengo ni nk'uwacitse kw'icumu yicuza. Navuye muri Iran meze neza cane, amagara yifashe neza kuko nari naronse incanco zibiri za Pfizer".

Se yarakize ariko abandi batari bake mu muryango bakuze gusumba ntibaronse ayo mahirwe.

"Numvise umenga hari ico niyagiriza".

Ibiharuro bigaragaza ubwo busumbane mu kuronka incanco birateye agahinda.

Abantu barenga 50 kw'ijana kw'isi baracarindiriye kuronka nibura urucanco rwa mbere rwa Covid -19.

Ku bwa Human Rights Watch, 75% z'incanco zagiye mu bihugu 10 gusa. Ikigo Economist Intelligence Unit caharuye ko 50% y'incanco zimaze gukorwa gushika ubu zagiye ku bantu 15% b'ababa kw'isi, ibihugu vya mbere bitunze kw'isi bikaba vyatanze incanco incuro 100 kurusha ibikenye cane.

Mu kwezi kw'indwi, ibihugu indwi vya mbere bitunze cane bigize umugwi G7 - Canada, France,Ubudagi, Ubutaliano, Japan, Ubwongereza na reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika - vyiyemeje guha umuriyardi w'incanco ibihugu bikenye mu kiringo c'umwaka kuva ico gihe.

Agathe Demarais ari mu banditse icegeranyo ca vuba ca Economist Intelligence Unit kw'isabikanywa ry'incanco avuga ati: "Naratwenze igihe nabibona. Nari nsanzwe bene ivyo ndabibona. Womenya ko bitazokwigera bishika."

Ubwongerea bwemeye incanco miriyoni 100 muri izo, gushika ubu bumaze gutanga iziri munsi ya miriyoni imwe. Prezida Biden yemeye miriyoni 580 muri izo Amerika ikaba imaze gutangamwo miriyoni 140. Navyo ibihugu bigize ishirahamwe rya Buraya vyari vyemeye incanco miriyoni 250 gushika mu mpera z'uyu mwaka - bimaze gutanga 8% gusa y'izo.

Co kimwe n'ibindi bihugu vy'ubutunzi buri hagati na hagati, Iran yaraguze incanco ziciye mu mugambi wa Covax, urwego rushigikiwe n'ishami rya ONU rijejwe amagara kw'isi (OMS) kugira rushikane incanco aho zikenewe cane kurusha ahandi.

Covax iragura incanco hanyuma ikazigurisha ku giciro kiri hasi ku bihugu vy'ubutunzi buri hagati na hagati, ikaziha ku buntu ibihugu bikenye.

Ariko Covax yarahuye n'ikibazo gikomeye c'abayikorera izo ncanco.

Yari yiyemeje gutanga incanco zingana na miriyaridi 2 mu 2021 nyinshi zikozwe n'uruganda rwo mu Buhindi, ariko aho umupfunda wa kabiri uhungabanirije ico gihugu mu kwezi kwa gatanu, reta yaciye ifata ingingo yo kubuza gusubira kugurisha hanze.

Kuva ico gihe Covax yikora ku ncanco ziba zitanzwe n'ibihugu bitunze. Ibintu vyaciye vyikwega ku buryo ibihugu vyari kuzihabwa gushika ubu bitarashikana abantu 2 kw'ijana y'abanyagihugu bavyo bamaze gucandagwa.

Aurélia Nguyen, umuyobozi wa Covax, avuga ati: "Muri iki gihe incanco ziboneka ni nke, ziboneka ata mwanya munini wo kwitegura usigaye, kandi zitagifise igihe cazo cose imbere y'uko ziba impfagusa - bigaca bigora cane mu buryo bwo kuzikwiragiza mu bihugu bishobora guca bizikoresha muri uwo mwanya uba usigaye".

Si ingorane y'ingene incanco ziboneka kw'isi. Ibihugu bitunze vyarazegeranije gushika aho bigira n'umusesekara, nk'uko bivugwa na Airfinity, ikigo c'ubuhinga gikora ubushakashatsi ku buryo incanco ziboneka kw'isi.

Ibigo bihingura incanco kw'isi bikora miriyaridi 1,5 buri kwezi, umwaka ukazohera hamaze gukorwa miriyaridi 11.

Dr Matt Linley, umushakashatsi mukuru muri Airfinity avuga ati:

"Bakora incanco nyinshi cane. Barazongereje cane muri aya mezi atatu canke ane aheze". Ibihugu bitunze cane birashobora kuba bifise miriyaridi 1,2 z'incanco bidakeneye -n'ubu vyatanguye gutanga urucanco rwo gukabura ubudahangarwa.

Ica gatanu c'izo ncanco - incanco imiriyoni 241 - zirahakwa kuzotabwa niyo zitatangwa nk'imfashanyo ubu ubwa vuba, nk'uko Dr Linley avuga. Birashoboka cane ko ibihugu bikenye bitokwemera incanco kiretse zisigaje n'imiburiburi amezi abiri imbere y'uko zita agaciro.

Dr Linley agira ati: "Nibaza yuko bitatewe n'uko ibihugu bikize vyagize umururumba, ahubwo ni uko bitari bizi urucanco ruzokora urwo ari rwo. Rero vyategerezwa kugura nyinshi."

Yifashishije ubushakashatsi iherutse gukora, Airfinity yizera kwereka amareta yuko hari incanco zikwiye ku buryo bidakenewe gushingura umurengera wazo mu bubiko. Ahubwo barashobora gutanga izo badakeneye ubu kandi bakizera yuko izindi zizokorwa mu mezi ari imbere.

Agathe Demarais agira ati: "Ntibashaka kugwa mu mutego batiteguye. Bivana kandi n'igitsure ca poritike hagati mu bihugu kuko hari igice c'abatanga amajwi mu matora bashobora gushavuzwa no kubona incanco zitangwa, mu gihe boba bumva yuko zigikenewe iwabo."

Reta y'Ubwongereza ivuga yuko ata murundo w'incanco ifise mu bubiko kandi ko yagiranye amasezerano na Australia yo gusangira incanco imiriyoni zine zizosubizwa mu zigenewe Australia mu mpera z'umwaka.

Umuvugizi wo mu bushikiranganji bujejwe amagara no gushikirana bw'Ubwongereza yagize ati: "Kuronka incanco no kuzitera abantu vyarateguwe vyitondewe mu Bwongereza kugira uwo wese abifitiye uburenganzira ashobore gukingirwa vuba bishoboka".

Aurélia Nguyen wo muri Covax avuga yuko atari ama reta gusa akeneye kugira ico akora.

Agira ati: "Turanakeneye yuko abahingura imiti bashikana ivyo biyemeje kuri Covax kandi bakadushira imbere y'amasezerano n'ibihugu ku giti cavyo bisanzwe binafise incanco zikwiye."

Niba abahingura incanco kw'isi bariko barahingura miriyaridi 1.5 buri kwezi, nk'uko abandanya avuga, ikibazo ni ico kumenya igituma izishikira ibihugu bikenye ari nkeyi cane.

Agira ati: "Mu gihe ivyo Covax ikeneye ari vyo vyinshi, amareta yari akwiye kuyihebera ibibanza vyayo kugira turonke incanco twatumyeko vuba hashoboka."

Kuri Bahar n'umuryango wiwe, izi ncanco si ibitigiri gusa ni ubuzima nyabwo, incuti n'umuryango.

Buri minsi mikeyi ihaciye, arumva iyindi nkuru y'umuntu yapfuye. Iyo abagenzi kuri Kaminuza bavuga yuko badashaka kwicandagisha yaragerageza guharira nabo ariko ubu ntavyo agishobora, biramubabaza cane.

Agira ati: "Ndagerageza kubireka ngo birengane ariko biragoye cane kwihanganira kubona abantu bareka amahirwe bafise akabaca mu myanya y'intoke."