Halima Aden: Uko umunyamideri w'icyamamare wambara hijab yabiretse bigeze 'aheza'

Halima Aden, umunyamideri wa mbere ukomeye wambaraga umwitandiro uzwi nka Hijab, mu mpera z'umwaka ushize yaretse uyu mwuga avuga ko byari binyuranyije n'idini rye Isilamu. Mu kiganiro cyihariye na BBC yavuze uko byagenze ngo abe umunyamideri kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru, n'uko yaje kubireka.

Halima w'imyaka 23 aba ahitwa St Cloud muri leta ya Minnesota aho yakuriye akikijwe na bene wabo b'aba Somali.

Ati: "Ndi Halima w'i Kakuma", aravuga inkambi y'impunzi iba mu majyaruguru ya Kenya aho yavukiye ahamara imyaka ya mbere y'ubwana.

Abakurikira iby'imideri ku isi bamuzi nk'umunyamideri wa mbere wambara hijab wagiye ku rupapuro rwa mbere rwa Vogue Magazine - ariko yabivuyemo mu mezi abiri ashize, avuga ko kumurika imideri bihabanye n'ukwemera kwe kwa Islam.

Ati: "Iyi niyo 'interview' ya mbere nkoze nisanzuye," araseka. "Kuko ntamaze amasaha 10 nitegura mu myambaro ntashobora kugumamo."

Akiri muri uwo mwuga, Halima n'ubundi yahitagamo ibyo yambara. Akiwutangira yabaga afite hijab nyinshi zuzuye ivarisi ye, amakanzu n'amajipo maremare uko bagiye kumufotora.

Bwa mbere akorana na kompanyi ya Fenty Beauty ya Rihanna yari yambaye hijab ye isanzwe y'umukara.

Nubwo nyuma yagiye yoroshya ku myambaro imwe n'imwe, ariko kwambara hijab ntabwo byari ibyo kuganiraho.

Byari bikomeye kuri we kuko nko mu 2017 ubwo yasinyaga amasezerano na kompanyi y'imideri IMG, imwe mu zikomeye ku isi muri 'fashion', yongeyemo ingingo ye ivuga ko IMG itagomba na rimwe kumubuza kwambara hijab.

Ati: "Hari abakobwa bashobora gupfa kubera amasezerano yo kumurika imideri, ariko njye nari niteguye kubivamo igihe bataretse ibyo nshaka."

Nyamara ibyo byabaga no mu gihe yari umunyamideri utazwi, ariko umwihariko we watumye yamamara vuba muri uru ruganda.

Mu mwaka we wa nyuma muri fashion, hijab ye yagiye iba ntoya buhoro buhoro, ijosi rye n'igituza bikaboneka. Ndetse rimwe na rimwe aho kwambara hijab akambara indi myenda ku mutwe cyangwa ingofero.

Indi ngingo yari mu masezerano ye yarimo kumuha ahantu ho kwambarira imyenda ari wenyine, atari kumwe n'abandi.

Ariko nyuma yabonye ko abandi bakobwa bambara hijab bamukurikiye muri uyu mwuga, bo badahabwa agaciro nka we. Bo bababwiraga kwambarira aho abandi bambarira.

Ati: "Ibyo byatumye numva narahemutse, nkibwira nti 'Mana yanjye! aba bakobwa bari gutera ikirenge mu cyanjye none nabafunguriye umuryango w'intare yasamye'."

Yibazaga ko abazaza inyuma ye bazafatwa nka we, agerageza no gushaka kubarwanirira.

"Benshi muri bo baracyari bato ku buryo uyu mwuga wabagiraho ingaruka mbi. No mu birori twajyagamo nisangaga ari jye mukuru wabo bikaba ngombwa ko nkurura umwe wambaye hijab muvana mu bagabo bari kumutereta. Naribwiraga nti 'ibi ntabwo ari byo, ni umwana'."

Imigirire nk'iyo ayikomora ku mibereho y'umuryango akomokamo w'aba Somali.

Nk'umwana mu nkambi ya Kakuma, mu majyaruguru ashyira uburengerazuba bwa Kenya, yigishijwe na nyina gukora cyane no gufasha abandi. Yarabikomeje bageze na Minnesota afite imyaka irindwi aho yasanze umuryango mugari kurushaho w'abasomali.

Byabaye ikibazo rero ubwo Halima yahabwaga icyubahiro kw'ishuri rye nk'umukobwa umurika imideri urusha abandi uburanga anambara Hijab. Yari abizi neza ko nyina ibi atazabikunda.

Niko byagenze kuko nyina yashanywaguje ikamba ry'ubwiza bamuhaye, amubwira ko atamutumye kumurika imideri n'uburanga mu mashuri.

Ariko Halima yarakomeje, ndetse ajya mu irushanwa rya Miss Minnesota USA 2016. Niwe mukobwa wa mbere wambaye hijab muri iri rushanwa wageze muri bane ba mbere.

Nanone kandi nyina atabishaka, Halima yatangiye umwuga wo kumurika imideri - umwuga nyina yumva uhabanye n'uwo Halima ari we: umwirabura, umusilamu, impunzi.

Yewe no mu gihe yari atangiye gutambuka ahakomeye muri 'fashion' nko muri Yeezy na Max Mara, cyangwa kuba umukemurampaka muri Miss USA, nyina yahoraga amusaba gushaka "akazi gakwiye".

Nyina, nk'umugore wakoze urugendo iminsi 12 n'amaguru ava muri Somalia ahungira muri Kenya, yibutsaga umukobwa we ko we agomba gukora ibigirira neza abantu, ashimira.

Halima ati: "Yarambwiye ati, 'ntabwo wakora kumurika imideri kuko ntacyo ifitemo cyo gushimira.' Mu nama ya mbere nakoranye na IMG nabasabye kunjyana kuri Unicef."

IMG yabimufashijemo, mu 2018 Halima aba ambasaderi wa Unicef. Nk'umuntu wamaze imyaka y'ubuto bwe i Kakuma mu nkambi, mu kazi ke yibandaga ku burenganzira bw'abana.

"Mama ntiyigeze ambona nk'umunyamideri uri ku binyamakuru. Yambonagamo icyizere n'urugero ku bandi bakobwa nka njye."

Halima yifuzaga kubwira abandi bana b'impunzi, no kubera ko niba yarabashije kuva mu nkambi, nabo bizabashobokera bakabaho neza.

Ariko Unicef ntabwo yamugejeje kubyo yatekerezaga.

Mu 2018, hadashize igihe kinini abaye ambasaderi wa Unicef, yasuye inkambi ya Kakuma kuganiriza abaho.

Ati: "Nahuye n'abana baho ndababaza nti 'ibintu biracyari uko byahoze hano, muracyagomba kubyina no kuririmbira abashyitsi? ' Barambwira bati 'Yego, ariko ubu noneho ntitubikorera abandi batuzanira, turi kubikorera wowe."

Halima yararakaye cyane. Aracyibuka igihe we n'abandi bana mu nkambi bagombaga kuririmba no kubyinira abashyitsi b'ibyamamare.

Yabonye ko Unicef yitaye cyane ku kwerekana ibyo ikora kurusha kwita cyane ku burezi bw'abana.

Ati: "Nashoboraga kuvuga neza ijambo Unicef kuva namenya kuvuga izina ryanjye. Nahise nshyiraho X. Minnesota niyo yampaye igitabo cyanjye cya mbere, ikaramu yanjye ya mbere n'igikapu. Si Unicef."

Yibazaga ko nagera i Kakuma azasanga ibyo yasize byarahindutse.

Mu kwezi kwa 11 ubwo yasohokaga muri Video ya Unicef ku bana b'i Kakuma, yahise abona ko atazakomeza. Byari bimubabaje kubona amagorwa yabo hagati mu cyorezo.

Ati: "Nyuma yo kuvugana n'abana baho, nahise mfata umwanzuro.

"Nahagaritse kongera gukorana n'imiryango itegamiye kuri leta ikoresha 'inkuru yanjye nziza y'ikizere' mu nyungu zayo".

Unicef USA yabwiye BBC iti: "Twishimira imyaka itatu n'igice y'ubufatanye na we. Inkuru ye ikomeye y'ikizere ni urugero rw'ejo heza h'isi ku mwana wese. Byari ishema kuri Unicef gukorana na Halima kandi tumwifuriza ibyiza mu mishinga ye iri imbere."

Gushidikanya ku mwuga we wo kumurika imideri nabyo byakomeje kwiyongera.

Uko arushaho gukenerwa n'abakomeye muri uyu mwuga, niko yabonaga umwanya mucye ku muryango we, ndetse yabaga adahari mu gihe cy'iminsi mikuru ya Islam.

Ati: "Mu mwaka wa mbere muri uwo mwuga nibwo nabashije kuba ndi mu rugo muri Ramadhan na Eid, ariko mu myaka itatu ya nyuma nabaga ndi mu ngendo. Hari ubwo nagendaga n'indege gatandatu cyangwa karindwi mu cyumweru. Nta guhagarara kwari kurimo".

Mu kwa cyenda 2019, yagiye ku rupapuro rwa mbere rwa King Kong Magazine, yashyizweho 'make-up' idasanzwe yari imeze nka 'mask' ipfutse ahantu hose uretse izuru n'umunwa.

"Iyo 'style' na 'make-up' byari biteye ubwoba, nari meze nk'umugabo w'umuzungu w'umurozi" - Halima.

Hejuru y'ibyo, muri iyo magazine isohotse imbere yasanzemo umugabo wambaye ubusa.

Ati: "Kuki magazine yatekereza ko byemewe gushyira imbere umukobwa w'umusilamu wambaye hijab mu gihe ku rupapuro rukurikiraho hari umugabo wambaye ubusa?". Byari bihabanye n'ibyo we yemera.

King Kong yabwiye BBC ko "Abahanzi, abafotora, n'abandi bose dukorana biyerekana mu buryo bushimishije bamwe ariko bushobora no kurakaza abandi.

"Turihanganisha Halima ko ubu yicuza akazi twakoranye, kandi hari amashusho muri iyo magazina we atakunze, ariko ntaho yari ahuriye n'ifoto we yari ariho."

Halima avuga ko iyo yabonaga ifoto ye kuri 'cover' y'iyi magazine ari ku bibuga by'indege, ariho agenda ajya gufotorwa ahandi, yabonaga atari we.

Ati: "Uzi uburyo biryana mu mutwe kuba uwo utari we? Mu gihe nakabaye nishimye kandi mbishaka numvaga nicuza.

"Byarabonekaga ko umwuga wanjye ugeze aheza cyane, ariko mu mutwe sinari nishimye."

Kandi hari ibindi bibazo - amategeko ya hijab ye yagendaga ahindurwa, hamwe n'uko abandi bambara hijab bafatwa.

Coronavirus yatumye ibi byose abitekerezaho. Iki cyorezo cyahagaritse ibikorwa bya 'fashion', asubira mu rugo i St Cloud iruhande rwa nyina, uwo akunze kuba hafi cyane.

Ati: "Numvaga ndakajwe na 2021 kuko nishakiraga kwigumira mu rugo n'umuryango wanjye nkongera nkabona inshuti zanjye".

Ibi byose bisobanura impamvu mu kwa 11/2020 yahisemo guhagarika ibyo kumurika imideri no gukorana na Unicef.

Ati: "Nishimira amahirwe yandi Covid yampaye. Twese twibaza ku mwuga dukora tuvuga tuti 'Ese koko umpa ibyishimo nyabyo?"

Amasengesho ya nyina amaherezo yarasubijwe. Yarishimye cyane ku buryo yemeye ko banamufotora ari kumwe n'umukobwa we.

Halima ati: "Igihe nari umunyamideri, Mama ntiyigeze yemera na rimwe ko twifotozanya. Kandi niwe cyitegererezo cyanjye, nishimira ko Imana yampisemo ngo mbe umukobwa we."

Halima ubu yinjiye mu gutunganya film, aheruka kurangiza film ishingiye ku nkuru nyayo y'impunzi yahunze intambara muri Afghanistan yitwa 'I am You' izasohoka mu kwezi kwa gatatu.

Kureka gukorana na Unicef ntibivuze ko yahagaritse ibikorwa bya kimuntu.

Ati: "Sinibaza ko isi inkeneye nk'icyamamare cyangwa umunyamideri, isi inkeneye nka Halima w'i Kakuma - umuntu uzi neza agaciro k'igiceri kimwe n'agaciro nyako k'umuryango w'abantu."