Manyan attajiran Rasha da ke fuskantar takunkuman kasashen duniya

Gwamnatocin kasashen Birtaniya da Amurka, da Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai sun mayar da martani kan kutsawar da Rasha ta yi kasar Ukraine da munanan takunkumai kan manyan attajirai 'yan kasuwa da ake musu kallon na kusa da gwamnatin Shugaba Vladimir Putin.

Mista Putin ya gargadi aminansa na shekaru da dama cewa ya kamata su kare kansu daga irin wadannan matakai, musamman ma saboda dangatakar da ta yi tsami da Amurka da kasashen Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai bayan karbe yankin Crimea.

Amma a yayin da na hannun-daman nasa suka bi shawararsa kana suka cigaba da zuba jari a kasar ta Rasha, sauran sun ajiye kudadensu a cikin wasu manyan wurare a kasashen waje da kungiyoyin wasan kwallon kafa, kana kamfanoninsu suna cigaba da kasancewa a cikin jerin kamfanoni da kasuwannin hannayen jarin kasashen waje.

Yanzu sun samu kansu cikin fafutikar yadda za su alkinta kadarorinsu a yayin da ake cikin tsaka-mai-wuya na takunkumai kan tattalin arzikin da aka garkama wa kasar.

Ga wasu daga cikin abubuwan da muka sani game da su:

TAKUNKUMAI DAGA AMURKA, DA KUNGIYAR TARAYYAR TURAI, DA BIRTANIYA

Baya ga kasancewa daya daga cikin manyan attajirai kuma dan gaban goshin Mista Putin, har ila yau Alisher Usmanov shi ne mafi arziki da aka kididdige cewa dukiyarsa ta kai dala biliyan 17 da miliyan shida, kamar yadda mujallar kasuwanci ta Amurka Forbes ta bayyana.

Tsohon dan wasan takobin, Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai EU na bayyana shi a matsayin "gogaggen dan kasuwa" wanda ke taimaka wa shugaban kasa shawo kan matsalolin kasuwanci da suka shige masa duhu.

An haife shi a kasar Uzbekistan lokacin da take cikin Kungiyar Tarayyar Soviet, kuma ya rike kamfanin USM, wani katafaren kamfani da ke gudanar da ayyukan hakar ma'adinai da harkokin sadaarwa, da suka hada da kamfanin sadarwa na biyu mafi girma MegaFon a kasar Rasha.

A ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu ne Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta sanar da garkama masa takunkumai, kana sai Amurka da Birtaniya suka biyo baya.

Ya bayyana takunkuman a matsayin abubuwan da ba su dace ba, yana mai cewa zarge-zargen da ake yi masa duka karya ne.

Kamfanin USM ya cika da fatan ganin ya kauce wa takunkuman na Kungiyar ta EU saboda yana da kashi 50 bisa dari na hannun jarin.

Yanzu haka babban jirgin ruwansa mai suna Dilbar, da ya saka wa sunan mahaifiyarsa, da ake yi wa gyara a birnin Hamburg na fuskantar barazanar kwacewa.

A Birtaniya, galibin zuba jarinsa da aka fi sani harkar kadarori ne a Birtaniya. A birnin London ya mallaki ginin Beechwood House, wani katafaren gida mai hawa-hawa a tsakiyar birnin da aka kiyasta kudinsa ya kai fan miliyan sittin da biyar, kana a Surrey da ke wajen birnin na London, yana da wani babban gida mai suna Tudor, a titin Sutton Place. Kuma gwamnatin Birtaniya ta kwace dukkanninsu.

Abokin huddar kasuwancinsa Farhad Moshiri na da kungiyar wasan kwallon kafa ta Everton, kana kamfanonin Mista Usmanov - USM, da MegaFon da kuma Yota su ne manyan masu tallafa wa Everton din.

A ranar Laraba ne Everton ta dakatar hulda da kuma yarjejeniyar tallafawar, kana Mista Moshiri ya fita daga zama mamba.

BABU WANDA YA SAKA MASA TAKUNKUMI

Daya daga cikin hamshakan attajiran kasar Rasha ne saboda irin nasarorin da ya samu a cikin kungiyar wasan kwallon kafa ta Chelsea FC, har yanzu ba a saka wa Roman Abramovich takunkumi ba, mai yiwuwa saboda irin ficen da ya yi fiye da sauran aminan Shugaba Putin.

Ana dai tafka muhawara kan irin girman tagomashin da yake da shi.

Wasu na da ra'ayin cewa Shugaba Putin yana dan kulawa da shi ne kawai, a yayin da wasu ke cewa dangantakarsu ta wuce haka.

Misa Abramovich ya fito ya musanta cewa yana da alakar kud-da-kud da Mista Putin ko kuma fadar Kremlin, amma kuma kadarorinsa da aka kiyasta darajarsu ta kai dala biliyan 12 da biliyan hudu na fuskantar barazana muddin aka aza masa takunkumai.

A ranar Laraba ya sanar da cewa yana son ya sayar da kulob din na Chelsea kan fan biliyan uku, kana an bayar da rahoton cewa ya saka gidansa da ke Kensington Palace Gardens a birnin London a kasuwa kan fan miliyan dari da hamsin.

Mista Abramovich ya samu kudinsa ne a shekarar 1990 kuma daya daga cikin kasaitattun masu kudi ne lokacin mulkin Shugaba Boris Yeltsin. Babbar nasararsa ita ce sayen kamfanin hakar mai na Sibneft a farashin da aka karya.

Kadarorinsa sun hada da jirgin ruwa na uku mafi girma a duniya mai suna Eclipse, wanda a ranar Jumma'a yake gudu a kan tekun tsibirin British Virgin Island, da kuma daya babban jirgin ruwan mai suna Solaris, a birnin Barcelona.

A cikin shekarun baya ne ya fara janyewa daga Birtaniya. A shekarar 2018 ya yanke shawarar cewa ba zai sake neman sabunta takardar izinin shiga Birtaniya ba, kana a maimakon haka ya cigaba da amfani da sabon fasfon kasar Isra'ila da aka yi masa, wajen ziyarar birnin London.

Kuma a yayin da ya saba zuwa ko wane buga wasan cikin gida na kulob din Chelsea, yanzu ba kasafai ake ganinsa a filin wasa na Stamford Bridge ba.

TAKUNKUMI DAGA: AMURKA

Lokacin da Shugaba Putin ya hau karagar mulki, Oleg Deripaksa ya riga ya zama attajiri wanda dukiyarsa ta kai kusan dala biliyan ashirin da takwas - amma yanzu ana tunanin ba ta fi dala biliyan uku kacal ba.

Ya yi fafutikar samun arziki a shekarar 1990, inda ya zamo zakakuri bayan faman da ya sha a masana'antar karfen gorar-ruwa.

Amurka ta bayyana cewa ya aikata laifin halarta kudin haram, da cin hanci da rashawa, da kwace, da kuma kasuwancin zamba, kana aka bayar da rahoton zargin cewa ya "bayar da umarnin hallaka wani dan kasuwa, kana yana da alaka da wata kungiyar masu aikata muggan laifuka a kasar Rasha." Amma ya yi ta musanta zarge-zargen.

Ya sha matukar wahala a matsin tattalin arzikin shekarar 2008, inda ya nemi Shugaba Putin ya agaza masa. A shekarar 2009, Shugaba Putin ya tozarta shi ta hanyar bayyanawa a bainar jama'a cewa ya saci wani alkalami.

Tun daga wancan lokacin ne ya mayar da hankalinsa wajen neman alfarma, kana an bayyana shi a rahoton Mueller - wani binciken Amurka kan yunkurin kasar Rasha na yin katsalandan a zaben shugaban kasa na shekarar 2016 - a matsayin "mai alakar kud-da-kud" da shugaban kasa.

Ya kafa kamfanin makamashi da karafa En+ Group, wanda aka sake shi a cikin kasuwar hada-hadar hannayen jarin birnin London, amma ya rage yawan jarinsa zuwa kasa da kashi hamshin bisa dari lokacin da ya fada cikin takunkuman Amurka a shekarar 2018.

A lokacin ne, daya daga cikin kamfanonin Mista Deripaska Basic Element ya fitar da wata sanarwa mai cewa takunkuman "maras tushe, maras makama da kuma rashin tunani".

Ya mallaki kadarar katafaren gidan gona na Hamstone House a birnin Weybridge, da ke Surrey a Ingila, wanda ya yi ta kokarin sayarwa kan fan miliyan sha takwas tun lokacin da dangantakar kasashen Turai da Rasha ta fara tsami, bayan da aka saka wa Sergei Skripal tsohon jami'in sojan kasar Rasha guba.

Ya kuma mallaki babban jirgin ruwa, Clio, wanda a ranar Laraba yana kasar Maldives.

Ba kamar sauran hamshakan attjiran da aka garkama wa takunkuman ba, Mista Deripaska ya kasance mai yawan magana a kan yakin, yana mai yin kiran neman zaman lafiya a shafukan sada zumunta.

"Ya kamata a fara zaman sansantawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba!," ya rubuta.

TAKUNMUMI DAGA: AMURKA A KUNGIYAR TARAYYAR TURAI EU

Alakar Igor Sechin Vladimir Putin ta dade sosai, kamar yadda Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai EU wacce ta sanar da takunkuman kan shi a ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu ta bayyana.

An bayyana shi a matsayin daya daga cikin mutanen da Mista Putin ya fi amincewa da su, kana masu ba shi shawara na kusa-kusa, kana abokinsa na kud-da-kud, kuma an bayyana cewa su duka biyun suna magana da juna a kullum.

Ya samu cigabansa ne ta hanyar ture 'yan adawa gefe daya - kafafan yada labaran kasar Rasha na yi masa lakabi da su Darth Vader.

Mista Sechin ya shafe shekarun aikinsa tsakanin siyasa da kasuwanci, a wasu lokutan ya rike manyan mukamai a duka biyun a lokaci guda.

Lokacin da Putin ke matsayin firaminista, shi ne matamakin firaminista, kuma yanzu yana jagorantar kamdanin hakar main a kasar Rosneft.

Mista Sechin ya yi aiki da Mista Putin a ofishin magajin gari a birnin St Petersburg a shekarar 1990, kana an bayyana cewa yana cikin hukumar leken asiri da aka fi shakka - KGB, duk da cewa bai fito fili ya gaskata batun ba.

Yana zaune ne a kasar Rasha, kuma babu wanda ya san irin adadin kudin da Mista Sechin ya mallaka ba.

Amma kasar Faransa ta kwace babban jirgin ruwa mai suna Amore Vero da ake dangantawa da shi, da maidakinsa Olga Sechina ta rika wallafa hotunanta a cikinsa. Sun dade da rabuwa.

Baya ga haka, akwai alama kadan da ta nuna cewa yana da dukiya mai tarin yawa a kasashen waje da za a iya bankadowa cikin sauki, kana zai yi matukar wahala a iya kwace sauran kadarorinsa.

TAKUNKUMI DAGA: AMURKA

Alexey Miller daya daga cikin tsofaffin abokan Vladimir Putin ne.

Shi ma ya fara samun hanyoyinsa ne ta hanyar kasancewa mai nuna goyon bayan mataimakin Mista Putin kan kwamitinnharkokin kasashen waje na ofishin Magajin birnin St Petersburg a shekarar 1990.

Ya jagoranci kamfani iskar gas mafi girma na kasar wato Gazprom tun a shekarar 2001, kuma mukamin ba-zata ne da aka ba shi, kuma an yi ta tsammanin cewa yana bin umarnin tsohon shugabansa ne kawai.

A shekarar 2009, Jakadan Amurka a Moscow ya danganta kamfanin na Gazprom a matsayin "wanda ba ya aiki sosai, cin hanci da rashawa, da kuma saka siyasa."

Ba a saka wa Mista Miller takunkumi bayan karbe yankin Crimea a shekarar 2014 ba, amma a lokacin da aka saka shi a cikin jerin sunayen a Amurka ya ce yana mai alfahari.

"Kasancewata a ba a jerin sunayen farko ba. Har da na rika wasu-wasi - me yuwiwa akwai wata matsala ne? Amma daga karshe an saka ne a ciki. Hakan na nufin muna yin komai yadda ya kamata," ya ce.

Babu alamun yana da wasu kadarori da za a iya ganowa a wajen kasar Rasha, kana babu wasu bayanai game da arzikin da yake da shi.

TAKUNKUMI DAGA: KUNGIYAR TARAYYAR TURAI

Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta bayyana Pyotr Aven (a hoto da ke hagu) a matsayin daya daga cikin hamshakan attajirai na hannun daman Shugaba Putin, MIkhail Fridman a matsayin mai fada a ji a cikin harkokin Putin. Dukkaninsu biyu sun kafa bankin Alfa-Bank, banki mai zaman kansa mafi girma a kasar Rasha.

Rahoton Mueller kan katsalandan din Rasha a zaben shugaban kasar Amurka ya bayyana cewa Mista Aven ya hadu da Putin a fadar Kremlin har sau hudu a cikin shekara.

A haduwar tasu ya ce ya "fahimci duk wani batu ko suka da Putin ya yi lokacin wadannan ganawa umarni ne kai-tsaye, kana akwai matsaloli ga Aven muddin bai bi su daki-daki ba."

Mista Putin ya gargade su a shekarar 2016 da su kare kan su daga irin takunkuman da ka iya bIyo baya a gaba.

A cikin wannan makon duka mutanen biyu sun yi murabus daga cikin hedkwatar kamfanin LetterOne investment group mai mazauni a birnin London da suka kafa shekaru 10 da suka gabata saboda takunkuman kungiyar EU sun rufe hannun jarinsu a ranar 28 ga watan Fabrairu.

Mista Aven ya kuma yi murabus daga kasancewa cikin amintattu na cibiyar baje-kolin kayayyakin al'adun gargajiya da zayyane-zayyen ta Royal Academy of Arts a birnin London.

'Yan kasuwar biyu sun ce za su kalubalance takummkuman da ba su da tushe ko ma'ana - ta duk hanyar da karfinsu zai iya kai wa.''

An bayyana cewa Mista Fridman, na da kadarorin da suka kai dala biliyan sha biyu, yana zaune a birnin London a wani gida kusa da Lord's Cricket Ground, kana ya mallaki babbar kadara ta ginin Athlone House a arewacin birnin London, da ya saye kan fan miliyan sittin da biyar a shekarar 2016.

A wani taron manema labarai a birnin London ranar Talata, ya bayyana cewa yakin kasar Ukraine ''babban abin bakin ciki ne'' amma ba zai soki fadar Kremlin kai tsaye ba, yana mai cewa yin hakam ka iya sai aikin dubban mutane a cikin barazana.