Tarihin ranar 12 ga Yuni da kuma yadda aka yi Abiola ya zama gwarzon dimokuraɗiyya a Najeriya

Zaɓen shugaban ƙasa na ranar 12 ga watan Yunin 1993, shi ne na farko a Najeriya bayan juyin mulki na 1983.

Zaɓen ya ƙunshi jam'iyyu biyu; Social Democratic Party (SDP) da National Republican Convention (NRC) sakamakon Najeriya na amfani ne da tsarin jam'iyyun siyasa biyu.

Moshood Kashimawo Abiola (MKO) ne ɗan takarar shugaban ƙasa na SPD, yayin da Bashir Tofa ya yi wa NRC takara.

Masu sa ido na ciki da wajen Najeriya na ganin zaɓen 12 ga Yuni a matsayin mafi inganci, amma sai aka yi watsi da shi.

Abubuwan da suka faru da kuma tasirinsu sun ci gaba da zama a zukatan 'yan Najeriya.

Yana cikin abubuwan da suka mamaye tarihin Najeriya, sannan ranar ta 12 ga Yuni za ta ci gaba da zama ta musamman.

Me ya faru a ranar 12 ga Yunin 1993?

A ranar 12 ga wata Yunin 1993, ɗan takarar SDP Abiola ya fafata da ɗan takarar NRC Bashir Tofa a zaɓen shugaban ƙasa. Abokin takarar Abiola shi ne Baba Gana Kingibe, inda Sylvester Ugoh ya zama mataimakin Tofa.

Duk da cewa masu sharhi na ganin zaɓen na 12 ga Yuni ya fi kowanne inganci, sai dai gwamnatin mulkin soja ta Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida ta soke shi bisa zargin maguɗi.

Matakin ya jawo ce-ce-ku-ce kuma daga baya Babangida ya sauka daga mulki a 1993. Ernest Shonekan, wanda ɗan garin su Abiola ne, ya zama shugaban ƙasa na riƙo.

A ranar 11 ga Yunin 1994, Abiola ya ayyana kan sa a matsayin shugaban ƙasa a Legas, jihar da ke kudu maso yammacin ƙasar. Matakin nasa ya sa gwamnatin Sani Abacha ta soja ta zarge shi da cin amanar ƙasa kuma aka kama shi a ranar 23 ga Yunin 1994.

An tsare Abiola tsawon shekara huɗu, har ma wasu rahotanni na cewa ban da Ƙur'ani da Bibble masu tsarki ba shi da wata hanyar samun wasu bayanai.

Abiola ya rasu ranar 7 ga watan Yulin 1998, ranar da ya kamata a sake shi daga gidan yari.

Wane ne Abiola kuma ya aka yi ya shahara?

Abiola ɗan kasuwa ne, ɗan jarida kuma ɗan siyasa wanda ya fito daga Jihar Ogun da ke kudu maso yammacin Najeriya.

Abiola ya fara tsayawa takarar shugaban ƙasa a 1983; lokacin da aka kifar da gwamnatin farar hula ƙarƙashin Shugaba Shehu Shagari, inda Muhammadu Buhari ya maye gurbin sa kuma aka ƙi gudanar da zaɓen.

Wata mai sharhi kan al'amuran yau da kullum, Damilola Agbalajobi, ta rubuta cikin wata maƙala da ta rubuta wa mujallar 'The Conversation' cewa a lokacin da Abiola ya fara yin takarar shugaban ƙasa a 1983 "Najeriya ta sha fama da hatsaniyar siyasar da aka dinga yi tun bayan samun 'yancin kai a 1960".

"A wannan lokacin, kan 'yan Najeriya ya rarrabu bisa ƙabilunsu da harsuna da addinai da kuma ɓangaranci," in ji ta.

"Yankin Arewa ne ya mamaye siyasa da ɓangaren soja."

12 ga Yuni - Ranar Dimokuraɗiyya a Najeriya

Lahadi, 12 ga watan Yuni ce Ranar Dimokuraɗiyya a Najeriya.

A yanzu, Najeriya na yin bikin ne a wannan rana tun bayan da tsohon shugaban ƙasar Muhammadu Buhari ya sauya ta a shekarar 2018, daga 29 ga watan Mayu - ranar da Najeriya ta koma kan mulkin farar hula a 1999 - domin karrama Moshood Abiola, wanda ake da yaƙinin cewa shi ne ya lashe zaɓen na 12 ga watan Yunin 1993.

Kafin yanzu, jihohin Yarabawa na kudu maso yamma na yin bikin ranar ce a matsayin 'Ranar Abiola' don tunawa da yadda gwamnatin soja ta hana ɗan yankinsu zama shugaban ƙasa ta hanyar soke zaɓen da ya lashe.

Abiola ya rasu ne lokacin da yake fafutikar dawo da mulkin dimokuraɗiyya a Najeriya, kuma dalilin da ya sa ke nan Shugaba Buhari ya sauya ranar zuwa 12 ga watan Yuni.

Mazauna yankin sun yaba wa Buhari kan matakin, suna masu cewa ya kyauta da ya fito da gwagwarmayar da Abiola ya yi ƙarara a fili.

Me ya sa 12 ga Yuni ke da muhimmanci ga Yarabawa?

Duk da cewa wasu na ganin 12 ga Yuni ce ranar da 'yan Najeriya suka haɗa kai don kawo ƙarshen mulkin soja, al'ummar Yarabawa na kallon ranatr a matsayin ta tunawa da gwarzon Bayerabe da kuma dimokuraɗiyyar Yarabawa.

Sai dai kuma, bikin na wannan shekarar na zuwa ne a daidai lokacin da kiraye-kirayen kafa ƙasar Yarabawa zalla ke ƙaruwa a tsakanin mazauna yankin.

Wasu sun sha shirya zanga-zangar lumana a yankin na kudu maso yamma don neman kafa ƙasar tasu, suna masu iƙirarin matsalolin tsaro da kuma zalintarsu a matsayin dalili.

Fafutikar kafa 'Yoruba Nation' (Ƙasar Yarabawa)

Wani ɗan gwagwarmaya mai suna Sunday Adeyemo - wanda aka fi sani da Sunday Igboho - shi ne ke kan gaba a fafutikar kafa 'Yoruba Nation' wato Ƙasar Yarabawa.

Maganar kafa ƙasar ta fara zafafa ne sakamakon ƙaruwar matsalolin tsaro a jihohin Yarabawa, musamman kan matsalar rikicin manoma da makiyaya da ke faruwa a jiharsa ta Oyo.

Igboho ya sha zargin Fulani da ke da asali daga arewacin Najeriya cewa su ne ke kai wa mazauna yankunan hare-hare, har ma ya yi yunƙurin korar su daga yankin Ibarapa da kuma sauran yankuna.

Sai dai kundin tsarin mulkin Najeriya ya bai wa kowane ɗan ƙasa damar zama a dinga yake so.

'Sauya fasalin ƙasa'

Sai dai kuma ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin ƙungiyar raya al'adun Yarabawa ta Afenifere bai aminta da tunanin su Igboho ba.

Cikin wata hira da BBC Pidgin, Pa Ayo Adebanjo ya ce ba ya goyon bayan ba wa Yarabawa ƙasarsu ta kansu.

"Mu 'yan Afenifere ba mu yarda da raba ƙasa ba," in ji shi. "Matsalarmu ta kundin tsarin mulki ce kuma muna roƙon gwamnati ta sauya fasalin ƙasar nan zuwa cikakkiyar tarayya."

Najeriya ta fara da tsarin mulki na tarayya ne tun bayan samun 'yancin kai a 1960, inda aka raba gwamnatoci zuwa Yamma da Gabas da Arewa, kafin daga baya kuma gwamnatin soja ta soke shi tare da ƙirƙiro tsarin jihohi.

Daga wannan lokacin ne ɓangaren Gabas - yankin Igbo - ya so ya ɓalle tare da kafa ƙasar Biafra, abin da ya jawo yaƙin basasar da aka tafka har zuwa 1970.

Pa Adebanjo ya ce Shugaba Buhari ya amince a sauya fasalin ƙasar a yanzu "za mu rufe bakin masu neman a raba ƙasa".

A gefe guda kuma, don yin bikin ranar 12 ga Yuni na wannan shekara, Sunday Igboho ya yi kira ga magoya bayansa da su fito don gudanar da maci a ranar.