Abubuwa huɗu da ke haddasa rikici tsakanin Boko Haram da ISWAP

Rikici na baya- bayan nan tsakanin manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu masu ɗauke da makamai a yankin tafkin Chadi - Boko Haram da ISWAP - ya yi sanadiyyar kashe kimanin mutum 150 zuwa 200, kamar yadda kamfanin dillancin labarai na AFP ya ruwaito.

Bayanai sun nuna cewa faɗan ya ɓarke tsakanin ɓangarorin biyu ne a yankin Dogon Chiku a ranar Lahadin da ta gabata, kuma wasu hotunan bidiyo da BBC ba ta iya tantancewa da kanta ba sun nuna yadda mayaƙan ke musayar wuta a cikin ruwa.

"Daga bayanan da muka samu, kimanin mayaƙa ƴan ta'adda 200 ne aka kashe a rikicin," in ji wani mutum mai taimakawa wajen tattara bayanan sirri kan ayyukan ƙungiyoyin masu iƙirarin jihadi a yankin tafkin Chadi.

Mutumin wanda ya zanta da kamfanin dillancin labarai na Faransa (AFP) ya ce Boko Haram ma ta rasa mutane, sai dai ba kamar ISWAP ba.

Masani kan tsaro a yankin Sahel Audu Bulama Bukarti ya bayyana wa BBC cewa "rahotannin da muke samu na nuna cewa zubar da jinin da aka samu a makonnin nan, kusan ya fi duk zabar da jinin da aka samu a baya tsakanin waɗannan ɓangarori na Boko Haram guda biyu."

Haka nan Bukarti ya ƙara da cewa bayanai sun nuna cewa mayaƙan da ke ɓangaren tsohon shugaban Boko Haram Abubakar Shekau ne ke samun galaba a kan na ISWAP.

Babu wani bayani daga rundunar haɗin gwiwa da ke yaƙi da matsalar tsaro a yankin kan rahotannin artabun tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu.

Sai dai wannan ba shi ne karon farko da ake samun ƙazamin fada tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu ba.

Tun a shekara ta 2016 ne ake samun irin wannan artabu tsakanin ISWAP da Boko Haram a yankin tafkin Chadi.

Bulama Bukarti ya ce faɗace-faɗace tsakanin waɗannan ɓangarorin Boko Haram biyu sun yi sanadiyyar rayuka aƙalla 900 daga shekarar 2016 zuwa yanzu.

Tafkin Chadi ya kasance wata mahada tsakanin ƙasashen Najeriya da Nijar da Chadi da kuma Kamaru, inda ya zama tamkar wata mafaka ga mayaƙan Boko Haram da ISWAP, kuma suke amfani da shi wajen ƙaddamar da hare-hare kan ƙasashen.

To amma mene ne manyan dalilan da ke haifar da rikici tsakanin ƙungiyoyin biyu?

Bambancin aƙida

Masana kan tsaro a yankin Sahel na ganin cewa babban abin da ke kawo rashin jituwa tsakanin Boko Haram da ISWAP shi ne bambancin aƙida.

Mai bincike kan tsaro, Bulama Bukarti ya ce: "Tun asali shi shugaban Boko Haram da aka kashe Abubakar Shekau na ganin cewa duk wanda bai shiga ƙungiyar ba, ko da yana sallah, yana azumi yana zakka kuma ya yi Imani da Allah, to a kashe shi.

"Su kuma mayaƙan ISWAP na ganin cewa duk da cewa sun ɗauki wanɗanda ba su shiga ƙungiyar ba a matsayin kafirai, to amma sai an yi musu wa'azi, sai dai shi Shekau yana ganin ba sai an yi musu wa'azi ba," a cewar Bukarti.

A ƙarin bayanin da ya yi, shugaban kamfanin Beacon Consulting mai nazari kan tsaro, Kabiru Adamu ya ce "Dalilin ma da ya sa suka rabu shi ne saboda bambancin aƙida. Bayan Shekau ya yi mubaya'a ga ƙungiyar IS, daga baya sai suka ce aƙidarsa ta yi saɓani da tasu, sai suka kore shi, wannan ne ya fara haifar da saɓani a tsakaninsu."

Nuna ƙarfi

Kungiyoyin biyu ”na zaune ne a wuri ɗaya kuma kowa na buƙatar nuna iko, shi ya sa za ka ga ana gasa" tsakaninsu, a cewar Kabiru Adamu.

Sai dai ya bayyana cewa ISWAP a yanzu ta fi ƙarfi a yankin tafkin Chadi, yayin da Boko Haram ta fi ƙarfi a dajin Sambisa.

Ya bayyana cewa kungiyoyin kan yi gasa wajen kankane wurare ko kuma wurin samun abubuwan masarufi.

Mulkin yankuna

Masanin tsaro Bulama Bukarti ya ce tun bayan darewar ƙungiyar Boko Haram aka samu saɓani kan ɓangaren da zai shugabanci garuruwan da ke yankin da kuma harkar tattalin arziƙi.

"Akwai rikici a kan wane ne zai gudanar da iko kan manyan garuruwa da ƙauyuka da ke a tafkin Chadi musamman wajen karɓar haraji, da wanda ke da iko kan masunta, wane ne kuma ke da iko da manyan hanyoyin da ake amfani da su wajen shigar da abinci da makamai ga ƙungiyar?" kamar yadda Bukarti ya yi ƙarin bayani.

A nasa ɓangaren Kabiru Adamu ya ce "Suna son nuna iko da ƙauyuka ko wuraren da suke da buƙata a kai… ko dai domin yaɗa aƙidarsu ko kuma kuɗaɗen shiga, saboda sukan sanya waɗannan ƙauyuka su biya su haraji," a cewar Adamu.

Gamsar da manyan ƙungiyoyin 'ta'addanci'

Kabiru Adamu ya ce dukkanin ƙungiyoyin na gasar nuna ƙarfin iko domin burge manyan ƙungiyoyin da suke wa mubaya.

"Irin wadannan faɗace-faɗace da hare-haren na gamsar da ƙungiyoyin da suke yi wa mubaya'a, ta yadda za su samu ƙarin taimako."

Yadda ISWAP da Boko Haram suka fafata a baya

ISWAP, wadda ke iƙirarin yin mubaya'a a ƙungiyar IS, ta riƙa haɓɓaka ne tun bayan ɓallewar ta daga Boko Haram a shekarar 2016.

Tun wancan lokaci ƙungiyoyin biyu ke fafatawa domin neman yin kakagida, lamarin da ya kai ga kashe jagoran Boko Haram Abubakar Shekau a maɓoyarsa da ke dajin Sambisa a watan Mayun 2021.

Wasu daga cikin mayaƙan Boko Haram sun koma cikin ISWAP domin kauce wa fuskantar mummunan hukunci, yayin da wasu kuma suka miƙa wuya ga sojojin Najeriya, wasu kuma sun tsallaka zuwa wani tsibirin tafkin Chadi a Jamhuriyar Nijar wanda ke ƙarƙashin ikon magajin Shekau, Bakura Buduma.

A wani artabu da aka yi watan Satumban 2021, samamen da Boko Haram ta kai a sansanin ISWAP a tsibirin Kirta-Wulgo ya haifar da arangama ta tsawon makonni.

Boko Haram ta samu nasarar kora ƙungiyar ISWAP daga mafi akasarin yankin tafkin Chadi, wurin da ƙungiyoyin biyu ke amfani da shi a matsayin mafaka, kuma wurin samun kudaɗen shiga daga ayyukan kamun kifi da kiwo da kuma saran itatuwa.

“Tsawaitar rikici a tsakaninsu” zainiya raunana kungiyar ta yadda zai “yi wa sojoji sauki su murkushe su,” kamar yadda wani mai sharhi a birnin Maidiguri, Khalifa Dikwa ya shaida wa AFP.

Ya kara da cewa “fada tsakanin bangarorin biyu zai sanya fararen hula su samu sa’ida”.

Rikicin masu ikirarin jihadi a Najeriya ya yi sanadiyyar rayuka sama da 40,000 da tarwatsa mutane kimanin miliyan biyu, tun daga lokacin da rikicin ya kazance a arewa maso gabashin Najeriya a 2009.

Rikicin ya yadu zuwa kasashen Jamhuriyar Nijar da Chadi da kuma Kamaru, abin da ya sanya aka kirkiri wasu dakaru na hadin gwiwa tsakanin kasashen.

A baya-bayan nan shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya yi barazanar daukar matakin soji kan kasar ta Najeriya bisa ga abin da ya bayyana a matsayin kisan gillar da masu ikirarin jihadi ke yi wa kiristoci.