Yadda raguwar ungulu ta janyo mutuwar mutum 500,000 a Indiya

Tun da daɗewa, angulu ta kasance cikin tsuntsayen da ake samu a ko'ina a faɗin Indiya.

Ana samun tsuntsayen ne a filaye da gonaki, inda suke yawo don neman abinci.

Wasu lokuta suna ɗanewa kan injunan jiragen sama yayin da suke tashi.

Sai dai sama da shekara goma da suka wuce, tsuntsayen angulu sun fara mutuwa sakamakon wani magani da ake amfani da shi wajen yi wa shanu magani.

A tsakiyar shekarun 1990, tsuntsayen na angulu waɗanda suka kai miliyan 50, sun kusa karewa saboda wannan magani da ake yi wa shanu.

Tsuntsayen da suka ci abu daga jikin dabbobin da suka mutu waɗanda aka yi wa jinya da maganin, sun gamu da matsala a koda sannan suka mutu.

Tun bayan da aka haramta amfani da maganin (diclofenac) a 2006, karewar da angulun ke yi ya ragu a wasu yankuna, amma aƙalla dangin halittu uku sun fuskanci asara daga kashi 91-98, a cewar wani rahoto da Indiya ta fitar kan tsuntsaye a baya-bayan nan.

Haka ma, wani bincike da aka wallafa a wata mujalla a Amurka ya gano cewa ƙoƙarin rage tsuntsayen angulu, ya janyo mutuwar kusan mutum 500,000 a cikin shekara biyar.

"Ana ganin angulu masu tsaftar muhalli saboda rawar da suke taka wa wajen cire dabbobin da suka mutu masu ɗauke da kwayoyin bacteria daga muhallin mu - ba tare da su ba, cututtuka za su yaɗu," in ji Eyal Frank, mataimakin farfesa a Jami'ar Chicago.

"Gane rawar da angulu ke taka wa a wajen lafiyar mutane, shi ya sa yake da muhimmanci a kare dabbobin daji. Suna da muhimmanci a rayuwar mu."

Mista Frank tare da wanda suka wallafa binciken Anant Sudarshan, sun kwatanta yawan mutuwar mutane a wasu lardunan ƙasar Indiya waɗanda suka taɓa zama da tsuntsayen angulu da batun raguwarsu.

Sun gano cewa wasu magunguna da ake sayarwa ba daidai ba, sun janyo ƙaruwar raguwar yawan dangin angulu, inda yawan mutuwar mutane ma ya ƙaru da kashi 4 a lardunan da tsuntsaye suka taɓa rayuwa.

Masu binciken sun kuma gano cewa an fi ganin tasirin a cikin birane inda aka fi samun dabbobin da suka a yashe.

Masu binciken sun kiyasta cewa tsakanin shekarar 2000 zuwa 2005, asarar tsuntsayen angulu ya janyo ƙarin mutuwar mutum 100,000 a kowace shekara.

An samu mace-macen ne sakamakon yaɗuwar cutuka da kuma kwayoyin bacteria waɗanda da a ce angulu suna nan za su iya ciresu daga muhalli.

Alal misali, idan babu tsuntsayen angulu, dangin karnuka na ƙaruwa, abin da kuma ke kawo cutuka cikin mutane.

An samu ƙaruwar sayar da magungunan kare kai daga cutuka a wancan lokaci, amma ba su wadatar ba.

Ba kamar tsuntsayen angulu ba, karnuka ba sa iya cire ragowar dabbobin da suka mutu cikin muhalli, abin da ke janyo yaɗuwar kwayoyin bacteria har zuwa cikin ruwan sha.

Cikin dangin tsuntsayen angulu a Indiya, angulu mai kalar fari, angulun Indiya da kuma masu jan kai suna cikin waɗanda suka gamu da raguwa ta tsawon lokaci tun farkon shekarar 2000, inda yawansu ya ragu zuwa kashi 98, 95 da kuma 91.

Angulu ƙasar Masar da kuma irin waɗanda suka ƙaura su ma sun ragu matuka.

Kididdigar dabbobin gida da aka yi a 2019 a Indiya ya kirga dabbobi sama da miliyan 500, wanda shi ne alkaluma mafi girma a duniya. Tarihi ya nuna cewa manoma sun dogara da angulu, wanda yawanci ke ci daga jikin dabbobin da suka mutu, wajen cire ragowar dabbobi da suka mutu daga gonakinsu.

Raguwar angulu a Indiya shi ne alkaluman da aka ɗauka cikin sauri a Indiya cikin wani dangin tsuntsaye kuma mafi girma tun bayan barazanar karewar tattabaru a Amurka, a cewar masu bincike.

Tsuntsayen angulu da suka rage a Indiya a yanzu suna yankunan da ake kare su, inda abincinsu yawanci ya kunshi dabbobin da suka mutu, a cewar rahoto kan tsuntsaye a Indiya.

Wannan cigaba da ake samu na raguwar angulu, ya kuma yi mummunan tasiri kan lafiyar bil'adama.

Kwararru sun yi gargaɗin cewa magungunan dabbobi har yanzu na da barazana ga angulu, yawaitar sassan dabbobi da suka mutu da kuma rashin zubar da gawawwakin dabbobin na ƙara ta'azzara matsalar.

Sun kuma ce hakar ma'adinai ma zai iya shafar zamantakewar dangin angulu.

Shin za a samu dawowar angulu? Za a iya cewa hakan na da wahala matuka, duk da cewa akwai alamu masu kyau kan hakan. A bara, tsuntsayen angulu 20 - aka sake daga wajen da ake ajiye damisa a gandun daji da ke Yammacin Bengal.

An ɗauki alkaluman tsuntsayen angulu sama da 300 a wani bincike a kudancin Indiya a baya-bayan nan. Sai dai akwai buƙatar ƙara kaimi domin kare su.