Kana amfani da shafin BBC mai bayyana rubutu kawai (babu hoto) domin rage cin data. Idan ana so a ga hotuna da bidiyo sai a koma babban shafinmu.
Gazawa da kuma nasarorin ayyukan hukumar leƙen asirin Isra'ila, Mossad
- Marubuci, Ma'aikatan BBC
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC News Arabic
- Lokacin karatu: Minti 12
A cikin kwanakin da aka kwashe ana artabu, Isra'ila ta kai farmaki kan muhimman cibiyoyin nukiliya na Iran, wuraren soji da gidajen fararen hula, mafi yawansu a yammacin ƙasar da kuma a kusa da Tehran, babban birnin ƙasar.
Duk da cewa hare-haren na zuwa ne ta sama, ana zargin cewa hukumar leken asiri ta Isra'ila, wato Mossad, na da babban rawa da ta taka wajen gano wuraren Iran da za a kai hari da kuma tsara yadda za a gudanar da su daga ƙasa.
Ana tsammanin jami'an Mossad sun yi amfani da jiragen yaƙi marasa matuƙa da aka shigar da su cikin ƙasar a ɓoye domin kai hari kan ragowar cibiyoyin kariya daga harin sama na Iran. A baya, hukumomin Iran sun amince da yiwuwar cewa masu leƙen asirin Isra'ila sun shiga cikin dakarunsu.
Tun daga lokacin da Isra'ila ta fara kai hare-hare a ranar 13 ga Yuni, an kashe adadi mai yawa na manyan jami'an soji da masana nukiliya, wanda ke nuna cewa Isra'ila na da cikakken bayani kan inda waɗannan mutane suke.
Ba za a iya tantance ainihin rawar da Mossad ke takawa a cikin waɗannan abubuwa ba – domin Isra'ila ba ta yawan yin tsokaci kan ayyukan wannan hukuma, kuma wataƙila ba ita kaɗai ba ce hukumar leƙen asiri da ke da hannu wajen kutsa kai cikin Iran.
Amma ga abin da muka sani game da wasu daga cikin manyan ayyukan da Mossad ta gudanar a baya.
An sha yaba wa Mossad kan nasarorin da ta samu. Ga wasu daga cikin ayyukanta.
Kashe shugaban Hamas, Ismail Haniyeh
An kashe shugaban siyasar Hamas, Ismail Haniyeh ne yayin da yake zaune a wani gidan baƙi a birnin Tehran a ranar 31 ga Yuli, 2024.
A farko-farkon lamarin, Isra'ila ba ta ɗauki alhakin kisan ba, sai bayan watanni da dama inda ministan tsaron ƙasar, Israel Katz, ya tabbatar cewa Isra'ila ce ke da alhakin kisan.
Sai dai har yanzu, ba a samu cikakken bayani kan yadda Haniyeh ya mutu ba.
Khalil al-Hayya, wani babban jami'in Hamas, ya shaida wa manema labarai cewa wani makami mai linzami ne ya bugi Haniyeh "kai tsaye," bisa bayanin shaidu da ke tare da shi a lokacin.
Amma rahoton da jaridar New York Times ta fitar, wanda ya yi nuni da shaidu guda bakwai, ya bayyana cewa Haniyeh ya mutu ne sakamakon wata boma-bomai da aka shigo da ita a ɓoye cikin ginin da yake zaune watanni biyu kafin harin.
BBC ba ta iya tabbatar da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan bayanai ba.
Haniyeh na daga cikin jagororin Hamas da dama da Isra'ila ta kashe tun bayan harin da ƙungiyar ta kai a kudancin Isra'ila a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2023 — ciki har da shugaban Hamas a Gaza, Yahya Sinwar; ɗan'uwansa Mohammed da shugaban ɓangaren sojin ƙungiyar, Mohammed Deif da mataimakinsa, Marwan Issa.
Fashewar na'u'ro'rin sadarwa na Hezbollah
A ranar 17 ga Satumba, 2024, dubban na'urorin sadarwa sun fashe a lokaci guda a sassa daban-daban na Lebanon, musamman a yankunan da ƙungiyar Hezbollah ke da ƙarfi bayan harin Isra'ila.
Fashe-fashen sun jikkata tare da kashe masu amfani da na'urorin, tare da wasu da ke kusa da su, abin da ya jefa jama'a cikin firgici da rikice-rikice.
Washegari, na'urorin sadarwa ta ova-ova su ma sun fashe lamarin da ya kashe mutane da dama tare da jikkata ɗaruruwan wasu.
A lokacin wannan harin, Isra'ila da Hezbollah na cikin rikici mai tsanani wanda ya samo asali ne bayan Hezbollah ta harba makamai kan sansanonin sojojin Isra'ila a rana ta biyu bayan harin Hamas a ranar 7 ga Oktoba, 2023.
Wataƙila mutane sun zaci Isra'ila ba ta da hannu a cikin lamarin, amma bayan watanni biyu, Firaminista Isra'ila Benjamin Netanyahu ya amsa cewa Isra'ila ce ke da alhakin harin, in ji rahotannin kafafen yaɗa labarai na Isra'ila a wancan lokacin.
A wata hira da aka yi da gidan talabijin na CBS, tsoffin jami'an Mossad biyu sun bayyana yadda aka shirya aikin.
Sun ce Mossad ta ɓoye abubuwan fashewa a cikin batirin da ke aiki da na'urorin sadarwar— waɗanda galibi ake ɗauka a cikin jakar rigar masu amfani da su, kusa da zuciya.
Jami'an sun ƙara da cewa Hezbollah ba tare da sanin komai ba ta sayi sama da na'urori 16,000 na sadarwa daga wani kamfani na bogi da aka kafa shekaru 10 da suka gabata, a kan "farashi mai sauƙi". Daga baya kuma, ƙungiyar ta ƙara sayen na'urar sadarwa guda 5,000, in ji CBS.
Wannan mummunan lamari ya girgiza Lebanon, domin fashe-fashen sun faru a ko'ina da ake ɗauke da waɗannan na'urori — har da cikin shaguna da manyan kantuna.
Asibitoci sun cika makil da waɗanda suka jikkata, da dama daga cikinsu na fama da mummunar rauni da nakasu.
Shugaban kare haƙƙin ɗan Adam na Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya, Volker Turk, ya bayyana harin a matsayin 'laifin yaƙi'
Kashe babban masanin nukiliyar Iran, Mohsen Fakhrizadeh
A watan Nuwamba na shekarar 2020, wani jerin motocin da ke ɗauke da Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, shahararren masanin nukiliya na Iran, ya fuskanci harbin bindiga a garin Absard da ke gabashin Tehran, babban birnin ƙasar.
An kashe Fakhrizadeh ne ta hanyar amfani da bindiga mai amfani da ƙirƙirarriyar basira
"Ai irin wannan kisan da aka yi wa Fakhrizadeh cikin tsari kuma ba tare da jikkatar fararen hula ba, na buƙatar sahihin bayanan leƙen asiri." in ji Jiyar Gol na BBC Persian a lokacin.
A watan Afrilun 2018, Firaministan Isra'ila, Benjamin Netanyahu, ya nuna ɗumbin manyan takardu da ya ce sun shafi shirin nukiliyar Iran, waɗanda ya bayyana cewa Mossad ta sace watanni kafin hakan, a wani farmaki da aka kai wani wurin ajiya da ke kimanin kilomita 30 daga Tehran — wanda daga baya shugaban Iran a wancan lokacin, Hassan Rouhani, ya tabbatar da faruwar lamarin.
Yayin da yake gabatar da waɗannan takardu a wani taron manema labarai da aka shirya musamman, Netanyahu ya jaddada rawar da Mohsen Fakhrizadeh ke takawa a shirin ƙera makaman nukiliya da Iran ke gudanarwa a ɓoye.
Tun da farko Iran ta zargi Isra'ila da kashe wasu masana nukiliya huɗu daga cikin 'yan ƙasarta tsakanin shekarar 2010 zuwa 2012.
Kama sojan Nazi Adolf Eichmann
Yadda Mossad ta shirya sato sojan Nazi Adolf Eichmann daga Ajantina a 1960 na cikin fitattun nasarorin da ta samu.
Eichmann, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka jagoranci kisan kiyashin da aka yi wa Yahudawa, shi ne ya shirya yadda aka kashe Yahudawa a sansanin Nazi a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na biyu, inda aka kashe Yahudawa miliyan shida a Jamus.
Bayan guje-guje da ya yi a tsakanin ƙasashe, sai Eichmann ya tare a Ajantina.
Jami'an Mossad 14 suka riƙa bibiyarsa, har suka sato shi, sannan suka koma da shi Isra'ila, inda aka masa shari'a, aka yanke masa hukuncin kisa.
Aikin ceton mutanen jirgin Entebbe
Aikin ceton mutanen Entebbe da aka yi a Uganda ma na cikin nasarorin Mossad manya.
Mossad ce ta tattara bayanan sirrin, sannan sojojin Isra'ila suka ɗabbaƙa aikin.
Rundunar sojin Isra'ila, kwamando ce ta ceto mutum 100 da aka yi garkuwa da su a jirgin saman da ya taso daga Tel Aviv zuwa Paris ta Athens. Jirgin yana ɗauke da fasinja 250, ciki har da ƴan Isra'ila 103.
Waɗanda suka kama jirgin - mambobin ƙungiyar fafutikar ƴantar da Falasɗinawa da taimakon wasu ƴan Jamus - suka juyar da akalar jirgin zuwa Uganda.
Mutum 3 ne suka mutu daga cikin waɗanda aka tsare da waɗanda suka kama jirgin da sojojin Uganda da dama da kuma Yonatan Netanyahu, wanda ƙani ne na Firaiministan Isra'ila Benjamin Netanyahu a lokacin aikin ceto mutanen.
Ceto Yahudawa
A wani aiki na musamman mai cike da ƙwarewa, a shekarun 1980, Mossad - bisa umarnin Firaiminista Menachem Begin – ta kwaso sama da Yahudawan Ethiopia 7,000 ta cikin Sudan.
Sudan na cikin ƙasashen da suke tsama da Isra'ila, don haka shiga ta ƙasar zai yi wahala, amma sai jami'an Mossad suka buɗe wani wajen shaƙatawa a gaɓar tekun Sudan.
Da rana sai su riƙa aiki a matsayin ma'aikaten otel, da dare kuma su riƙa fitar da Yahudawan, waɗanda suka tako a ƙafa tun daga Ethiopia, suna fitar da su.
Sai da aka yi shekara biyar ana wannan aikin, sannan a lokacin da aka gano, jami'an Mossad ɗin sun tsere.
Mayar da martani bayan garkuwa da mutane a gasar Olympics ta Munich
A shekarar 1972, wata ƙungiyar ƴanbindiga ta Falasɗinu mai suna Black September ta kashe ƴan tawagar Olympic na Isra'ila guda biyu, sannan ta kama guda tara.
Daga baya aka kashe sauran waɗanda aka kaman bayan ƴansandan Jamus su gaza a aikin ceto su.
Daga baya Mossad ta mayar da martani a kan ƴan ƙungiyar fafatikar ƴantar da Falasdinawa, ciki har da Mahmoud Hamshari.
An kashe shi ta hanyar amfani da wani abin fashewa da aka dasa a wayarsa a gidansa da ke Paris.
A harin ne Hamshari ya rasa ƙafarsa, sannan daga baya ya rasu saboda raunuka da ya ji a harin.
Yahya Ayyash da fashewar wayar sadarwa
A wani aiki kamar wannan a shekarar 1996, an dasa giram 50 na abun fashewa a wayar Motorolla domin kashe Yahya Ayyash, wanda babban mai haɗa bom ne na Hamas.
Ayyash ya yi fice wajen hada bama-bamai da kai manyan hare-hare a Isra'ila, wanda hakan ya sa Isra'ila ta mayar da hankalinta sosai a kan shi.
A ƙarshen 2019, Isra'ila ta ɗage takunkumin bayyana wasu kashe-kashe da aka yi, wanda hakan ya sa tashar Channel 13 na Isra'ila ta haska wayar ƙarshe da Ayyash ya yi da mahaifinsa.
Yadda aka kashe Hamshari da Ayyash ya nuna yadda aka daɗe ana amfani da fasahar zamani wajen kisa.
Shaƙe Mahmoud al-Mabhouh har ya mutu
A shekarar 2010, aka kashe Mahmoud al-Mabhouh, wanda babban sojan Hamas ne a otel a Dubai.
Da farko an yi zaton mutuwa ce ta Allah da Annabi, amma daga baya ƴansandan Dubai sun yi amfani da faifan bidiyon sirri wajen tabbatar da kashe aka yi.
Daga baya ƴansanda suka bayyana cewa an saka masa shokin ne, sannan aka shaƙe shi ya mutu.
An zargi jami'an Mossad da aikin, wanda ya haifar da saɓanin diflomasiyya da Dubai.
Amma ofishin jakadancin Isra'ila ya ce babu wata alama da ke nuna Mossad na da hannu.
Amma ba ta ƙaryata lamarin ba, wanda dama yana cikin tsarin Isra'ila na raba ƙafa a irin waɗannan al'amura.
Duk da nasarorin da ta samu, akwai kuma wuraren da ta yi rashin nasara.
Jagoran siyasar Hamas Khaled Meshal
Ɗaya daga cikin ayyukan da suka jawo saɓanin diflomasiyya mafi girma shi ne yunƙrin Isra'ila na kashe Khalel Meshaal, shugaban siyasar Hamas a Jordan ta hanyar amfani da guba.
An samu tsaiko ne bayan an kama jami'an Isra'ila, wanda dole Isra'ila ta kawo makarin gubar domin a ceci rayuwarsa.
Jagoran Mossad na wancan lokacin, Danny Yatom ya tsere zuwa Jordan domin jinyar Meshaal.
Lamarin ya jawo saɓani mai ƙarfi tsakanin Jodan da Isra'ila.
Jagoran Hamas Mahmoud al-Zahar
A shekarar 2003, Isra'ila ta kai harin jirgin sama a gidan jagoran Hamas Mahmoud al-Zahar da ke Gaza .
Duk da cewa ya tsallake harin, an kashe matarsa da ɗansa, Khaled da wasu daban.
Lamarin Lavon
A shekarar 1954, hukumomi a ƙasar Masar suka sanar da bankaɗo aikin leƙen Isra'ila mai suna Susannah.
Wani yunƙuri na samun damar dasa bama-bamai a kadarorin Amurka da Birtaniya a Masar domin tilasta wa Birtaniya ta cigaba da jibge jami'anta a mashigar ta Suez.
Lamarin ne ake kira da Lavon Affair, wanda aka sa masa sunan Ministan Tsaron Isra'ila Pinhas Lavon, wanda ake tunanin shi ne ya shirya lamarin.
Yaƙin Yom Kippur
A 6 ga Oktoban 1973, Masar da Syria sun ƙaddamar da hari a Isra'ila domin ƙwace yankin Sinai da Golan Heights.
Ƙaddamar da harin a ranar Yom Kippur, ranar da Yahudawa suke biki ya shammaci ƙasar a farkon yaƙin.
Masar da Syriya sun riƙa kai wa Isra'ila hare-hare a tare.
Dakarun Soviet Union sun taimaka wa Syriya da Masar da makamai, ita kuma Amurka ta kai wa Isra'ila tallafin kayan agaji.
Isra'ila ta samu nasarar kawo ƙarshen harin a ranar 25 ga Oktoba - kwana huɗu bayan MDD ta buƙaci a kawo karshen yaƙin.
Harin 7 ga Oktoban 2023
Kimanin shekara 50 baya, sai aka sake mamayar Isra'ila a wani harin daban, amma a wannan karon Hamas ce ta ƙaddamar da harin a garuruwan Isra'ila da ke kusa da Gaza a ranar 7 ga Oktoban 2023.
Yadda Mossad ta gaza gano shirin kai harin ba ƙaramin cin fuska ba ne a wajenta, wanda masana suna nuna a matsayin gazawa.
Harin na 7 ga Oktoba ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar aƙalla mutum 1,200, mafi yawansu fararen hula kamar yadda hukumomi a Isra'ila suka bayyana. Sannan Hamas suka kama tare da tsare mutum 251 a Gaza.
Saboda mayar da martani a kan harin ne Isra'ila ta ƙaddamar da yaƙi a Zirin Gaza, wanda ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar aƙalla mutum 40,000, mafi yawansu fararen hula, kamar yadda Ma'aikatar Lafiyar Gaza ta bayyana.