Netanyahu: Tarihin firaiministan Isra'ila da kotun manyan laifuka (ICC) ke nema

Benjamin Netanyahu ya zamo shugaban ƙasa na huɗu wanda kotun hukunta manyan laifuka ta duniya (ICC) ta bayar da sammacin kamawa bisa zargin su da laifukan take haƙƙin bil'adama.

Wannan ya sa ya shiga jerin shugabanni kamar Vladimir Putin na Rasha, da Omar al-Bashir na Sudan da kuma Muammar Gaddafi na Libya.

Sammacin kama shi na da alaƙa ne da yaƙin da Isra'ila ta ƙaddamar a yankin Falasdinawa bayan harin da Hamas ta kai cikin Isra'ila a ranar 7 ga watan Oktoban 2023.

Zarge-zargen da ake yi wa Netanyahu sun haɗa da amfani da yunwa a matsayin makami kan fararen hula, da kisan gilla, da kuma ƙoƙarin kawo ƙarshen wata al'umma.

Tsohon ministan tsaron Netanyahu da kuma wasu jagorori uku na Hamas duk suna fuskantar waɗannan zarge-zarge.

Al'ummar da dama a Isra'ila sun nuna ɓacin rai game da matakin na kotun duniya, ƙasar da ke kallon Netanyahu a matsayin mutum mai haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna, to amma hatta manyan masu adawa da shi sun yi alla-wadai da matakin kotun.

Matakin na zuwa ne a lokaci mai muhimmanci ga Netanyahu - firaiministan da ya fi kowane kwashe lokaci a kan muƙamin - wanda ke jagorantar yaƙin da ƙasar ke yi da Hamas a Gaza da Hezbollah a Lebanon, da kuma ruruwar rikici tsakanin Isra'ila da babbar abokiyar gabarta, Iran.

Waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe na faruwa ne yayin da a gefe ɗaya ake tuhumar Netanyahu da laifukan rashawa da cin hanci - zarge-zargen da Netanyahu ya musanta.

Yaƙin da Isra'ila ke yi a Gaza ya sa an jingine tuhume-tuhumen da ake yi masa na rashawa (lamarin da ke ƙara ruruta wutar raɗe-raɗin da ke cewa Netanyahu na tsawaita yaƙin Gaza ne domin kauce wa shari'ar).

Harin da Hamas ɗin ta kai na ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba da yaƙin da ya biyo baya shi ne ya taka burki ga gagarumar zanga-zangar mako-mako da ake yi domin adawa da sauye-sauyen da Netanyahu ke shirin yi a ɓangaren shari'a a na ƙasar, lamarin da ya rarraba kawunan al'ummar ƙasar.

Masu sukar Netanyahu sun zarge shi da farraƙa kan al'umma da kuma kasancewa hatsari ga dimokuraɗiyya.

Duk da wannan baƙin jini da kuma rikita-rikita da suka zama barazana ga muƙaminsa, Netanyahu ya zamo tamkar 'zakaran da Allah Ya nufa da cara...'.

An zaɓe shi a karo na biyar a watan Nuwamban 2022, inda ya ci gaba da jagorantar jam'iyyar Likud - wadda ta zamo jam'iyya mafi tsattsauran ra'ayin mazan jiya a tarihin Isra'ila.

Komawarsa kan mulki ta biyo bayan wani ɗan lokaci da ƴan adawa suka mulki ƙasar, bayan ya kwashe shekara 12 a jere yana kan mulki a matsayin firaiminista.

Komawarsa kan mulki ta sanya mabiyansa sun ƙara yarda cewa shi mutum ne wanda 'babu kamarsa kuma ba a iya kada shi a siyasance'.

Netanyahu, mai shekara 75 a duniya ya yi nasara kan muƙamin har sau shida, abin da babu wanda ya taɓa yi a ƙasar, wanda hakan ya sa ake masa laƙabi da 'wanda ya fi dacewa ga tsaron Isra'ila.'

Ya taɓa cewa babban burinsa shi ne a riƙa tunawa da shi a matsayin garkuwa ga Isra'ila.

To amma a ranar 7 ga watan Oktoba, a ƙarƙashin mulkin Netanyahu, Isra'ila ta fuskanci harin da ba ta taɓa gani ba a tarihi, lokacin da ɗaruruwan mayaƙan Hamas suka kutsa cikin ƙasar ta kan iyakarta da Gaza.

Suka kashe kimanin mutum 1,200 sannan suka yi garkuwa da mutum 251 a cikin Gaza.

Netanyahu ya ƙaddamar da yaƙin ne domin ganin bayan Hamas, a matsayin martani ga hare-haren, yaƙin da har yanzu ake cigaba da gwabzawa bayan shekara ɗaya. Aƙalla mutum 44,000 ne aka kashe a sanadiyar hare-haren Isra'ila a Gaza, kamar yadda ma'aikatar lafiya da ke ƙarƙashin Hamas ta bayyana, wanda ya jawo wa Isra'ila suka daga ƙasashen duniya.

Netanyahu yana fama da matsin lamba daga cikin gida kan ya amince da tsagaita wuta domin Hamas ta sako kusan 100 da take garkuwa da su. Isra'ila da Hamas suna zargin juna da kawo tsaiko ga yunƙurin tabbatar da an samu maslaha.

Bayan haka, ita ma Isra'ila tana fuskantar hare-hare daga ƙungiyar Hezbollah wadda ke samun goyon bayan Iran, wadda ta ce tana hare-haren ne domin goyon bayan Falasɗinawa. Aƙalla mutum 60,000 ne suka bar muhallansu a arewacin Isra'ila saboda hare-haren.

Manyan nasarorin Isra'ila - ciki har da kashe shugaban Hamas Yahya Sinwar da shugaban Hezbollah Hassan Nasrallah - da kuma fuskantar Hezbollah ta ƙasa ya ƙara ɗaga martabar Netanyahu.

Mutuncin gidansu

An haifi Benjamin Netanyahu ne a birnin Tel Aviv a shekarar 1949. A shekarar 1963 ce ƴan gidansu suka koma Amurka bayan mahaifinsa, Benzion, wanda fitaccen masanin tarihi ne kuma mai fafutikar kafa ƙasar Yahudawa zalla ya samu aikin koyarwa a can.

Yana ɗan shekara 18 ya koma Isra'ila, inda ya shiga aikin soja, ya yi shekara biyar, har ya kai muƙamin kyaftin a sashen yaƙin sunƙuru da ake kira Sayeret Matkal. Yana cikin waɗanda suka ji rauni a wani hari da aka kai wa jirgin Belgium da wasu ƴanbindiga na Falasɗinawa suka yi, inda suka karkatar da jirgin sannan ya fafata a yaƙin gabas ta tsakiya na shekarar 1973.

A shekarar 1976, aka kashe ɗan'uwan Netanyahu, Jonathan a lokacin da yake jagorantar aikin ceto Isra'ilawa da suke cikin jirgin da aka karkatar zuwa Uganda. Kashe shi ya ɗaga martabar gidan su Netanyahu, domin sunansa ya yi amo a ƙasar baki ɗaya.

Netanyahu ya kafa cibiyar yaƙi da ta'addanci domin tunawa da ɗan'uwansa, sannan a shekarar 1982 ya zama mataimakin jakadan Isra'ila a Amurka.

Kwatsam sai Netanyahu ya zama fitacce a Isra'ila. Gwani ne wajen tsara magana da Ingilishi da irin harshen Amurka, inda ya zama fitacce a shirye-shirye talabijin na Amurka, kuma sanannen mai fafutikar kare Isra'ila.

An naɗa shi wakilin Isra'ila na dindindin a Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a shekarar 1984.

Tashensa har zuwa mulki

Netanyahu ya fara shiga harkokin siyasa ne bayan ya dawo Isra'ila a shekarar 1988, inda ya lashe zaɓen majalisa, sannan ya zama mataimakin ministan harkokin wajen ƙasar.

Daga baya ya zama shugaban jam'iyya, sannan a shekarar 1966, ya zama firaiministan Isra'ila na farko da aka zaɓa ta hanyar kaɗa ƙuri'ar jama'a bayan an kashe Yitzhak Rabin.

Haka kuma Netanyahu ya kasance firaiminista mafi ƙanƙancin shekaru, kuma shugaban ƙasar na farko da aka haifa bayan kafa ƙasar a shekarar 1948.

Duk da ya matuƙar kushe yarjejeniyar Oslo ta 1993 da aka yi domin samun maslaha tsakanin Isra'ila da Falasɗinu, shi ma Netanyahu ya shiga wata yarjejeniyar amincewa da sama da kashi 80 na yankin Hebron ga hukumomin Falasɗinawa, sannan ya amince zai ƙara ja baya daga gaɓar yamma da tekun Jordan.

Ya faɗi zaɓe a shekarar 1999, inda wani tsohon shugaban ma'aikata, Ehud Barak, wanda tsohon kwamandansa ne ya kayar da shi.

Adawar siyasa

Netanyahu ya sauka a matsayin jagoran jam'iyyar Likud, sannan Ariel Sharon ya maye gurbinsa.

Bayan an zaɓi Sharon a matsayin firaiminista a shekarar 2001, sai Netanyahu ya koma ministan harkokin waje, sannan daga baya ya zama ministan kuɗi. A shekarar 2005 ce ya yi murabus saboda nuna rashin jin daɗinsa kan matakin Isra'ila na janyewa daga zirin Gaza.

A shekarar 2005 sai ya sake samun wata damar, lokacin da Sharon - wanda cutar shanyewar ɓarin jiki ta kwantar - ya bar jam'iyyar Likud, ya buɗe sabuwar jam'iyya mai suna Kadima.

Sai Netanyahu ya sake zama jagoran Likud, sannan aka sake zaɓen shi firaiministan ƙasar a karo na biyu a watan Maris na 2009.

Ya amince da tsagaita wuta na wata 10 a gaɓar yamma da tekun Jordan, amma tattaunawar ta samu tsaiko a ƙarshen shekarar 2010.

Duk da a shekarar 2009 ya sanar da wasu matakan da za a bi domin ya amince da ƙasar Falasɗinawa, daga baya ya ƙara janye matakan, inda ya ce. "Ba za a ƙirƙiri ƙasar Falasɗinawa ba, ba zai yiwu ba," kamar yadda ya bayyana wa gidan rediyon Isra'ila a shekarar 2019.

Duk da cewa a duk lokutan yaƙin, Isra'ila na samun goyon bayan Amurka, wadda ƙawarta ce ta ƙut da ƙut, tankiya ta kasance a tsakanin Netanyahu da Barrack Obama.

Dangantaka tsakaninsu ta ƙara tsami ne a lokacin da Netanyahu ya yi jawabi a gaban majalisar Amurka a 2015, inda ya yi gargaɗin cewa akwai "yarjejeniya mara kyau" da Amurka ke shiryawa da Iran a game da shirin ƙasar na nukiliya. Gwamnatin Obama ta soki ziyarar, tare da bayyana kalaman nasa a matsayin 'shiga sharo ba shanu da ɓata suna'.

Alaƙa da Trump

Bayan Donald Trump ya hau karagar mulki a shekarar 2017, sai ya ɗan gyara alaƙa tsakanin Amurka da Isra'ila, inda a cikin shekara ɗaya, Trump ya sanar da amincewa da birnin Jerusalem a matsayin babban birnin ƙasar Isra'ila.

Wannan matakin ya matuƙar ɗaga hankali a yankin Larabawa - waɗanda suke goyon bayan ikirarin Falasɗinawa na cewa rabin gabashin Jerusalem da Isra'ila ta mamaye tun yaƙin gabas ta tsakiya a 1967 yankinsu ne - lamarin da ya ba Netanyahu wata babbar nasara a siyasance da diflomasiyya.

Sannan a watan Janairun 2020, Netanyahu ya yaba wa tsare-tsaren Trump na samar da maslaha tsakanin Falasɗinawa da Isra'ila, duk da cewa Falasɗinawa sun ce an fifita ɓangare ɗaya a tsare-tsaren.

Netanyahu ya kuma gana da Trump a kan Iran, inda ya goyi bayan janyewar shugaban ƙasar daga yarjejeniyar nukiliyar Iran a 2018, da kuma sake ƙaƙaba wa ƙasar takunkumin tattalin arziki.

Sai dai daga baya Trump ya soki shugaban na Isra'ila, inda ya zarge shi da rashin amana bayan ya taya Joe Biden murna lokacin da ya lashe zaɓen Amurka a watan Nuwanbam 2020.

Fama da tuhume-tuhume

Bayan 2016, an fara binciken Netanyahu kan zargin rashawa, inda aka zarge shi da karɓar cin hanci, rashawa da cin amana a wasu tuhume-tuhume guda uku a Nuwamban 2019.

An zargi Netanyahu da karɓar kyauta daga wasu hamshaƙan ƴankasuwa shi kuma yana musu alfarma.

Ya ƙaryata aikata laifi, inda ya ce ana ɓata masa suna ne saboda siyasa da "bi ta da ƙulli" daga abokan adawarsa. Ya fuskanci tuhuma a watan Mayun 2020, inda ya zama firaiministan farko da ya fuskanci tuhuma yana kan mulki.