Wane ne ya mallaki Greenland, kuma me ya sa Trump ke son mamaye yankin?

Shugaban Amurka Donald Trump ya naɗa wakili na musamman a Greenland, kuma hakan ya sake sanya tsibirin da ke yankin Arctic a idon duniya.

Da BBC ta tambayi Trump mene ne aikin gwamnan jihar Louisiana ɗan jam'iyyar Republican Jeff Landry a sabon muƙaminsa, inda ya bayar da amsar cewa Amurka na buƙatar Greenland saboda ''tsaron ƙasa'' kuma '' wajibi ne mu mallaka yankin''.

Trump ya sha nanata cewa ya na so ya mamaye yankin masu kwarya kwaryar ƴanci, wanda ke ƙarƙashin masarautar Denmark.

Me ya sa Trump ke son Greenland?

Tun bayan dawowarsa kan mulki a watan Janairu, Trump ya sake bayyana sha'awarsa ta mallakar Greenland, saboda a cewarsa yankin na zaune a wani wuri mai muhimmnaci ga kuma arziƙin ma'adinai.

Bai kawar da batun yiwuwar amfani da ƙarfin soji wajen ƙwace ikon tsibirin ba, wani abu da ya yi matuƙar bai wa Denmark mamaki, wadda ta kasance ƙawar ƙungiyar tsaro ta NATO da ke da alaƙa sosai da Washington.

''Za mu san yadda za a yi a shawo kan lamarin, '' in ji Trump. '' Muna buƙatar Greenland saboda tsaron ƙasa, ba don ma'adinai ba.''

Trump ya ce kasancewar jiragen ruwan China da Rasha a kan ruwan yankin Arctic barazana ce.

China da Rasha sun ƙarfafa ƙarfin sojinsu a yankin Arctic a shekarun baya-bayan nan, a cewar wata takardar bincike da mujallar Arctic institute ta wallafa, wanda hakan ya sa Amurka ke son nuna ƙarfinta a yankin.

Tun a wa'adin mulkinsa na farko, Trump ya bayyana shawararsa ta sayen Greenland, sai dai gwamnatocin Denmark da Greenland sun yi watsi da shirin a 2019, inda suka ce " Yankin Greenland ba na sayarwa ba ne.''

A shekarar 1867, bayan sayen jihar Alaska daga Rasha, sakataren harkokin wajen Amurka William H Seward ya jagoranci wata tattaunawa ta seyen Greenland daga Denmark, amma ba su cimma matsaya ba.

Hakazalika a shekarar 1946, Amurka ta sake tayin sayen yankin, inda ta ce za ta saya kan dala miliyan 100, aƙalla dala biyan ɗaya da miliyan ɗari biyu a yanzu, sai dai Denmark ta ƙi amincewa.

Me ya sa Greenland ke da muhimmanci?

Amurka ta daɗe tana burin mallakar Greenland.

Bayan sojojin Nazi na Jamus sun mamaye yankin da ake kira Jutland a Denmark a lokacin yaƙin duniya na biyu, sai Amurka ta shiga Greenland, inda ta kafa sansanin soji da gidajen rediyo a tsibirin.

Bayan yaƙin, dakarun Amurka ba su fice daga yankin ba. Har yanzu Amurka na aiki a sansanin jiragen sama jannati na Pituffik Space Base, wanda a baya ake kira Thule Air Base.

A wata yarjejeniya da aka ƙulla a shekarar 1951, Denmark ta bai wa Amurka babban matsayi a tsaron yankin Greenland, ciki har da ikon kafawa da kula da sansanonin soji.

''Idan a yau Rasha ta harba makamai masu linzami zuwa Amurka, hanya mafi gajarta na aika makamin nukiliya shi ne ta arewacin duniya da kuma Greenland, in ji Marc Jacobsen, wani malami a makarantar tsaro ta Denmark a wata tattaunawa da BBC a Janairu.

''Shi ya sa sansanin sojin Pituffik ke da matuƙar muhimmanci wajen kariya ga Amurka'' a cewar sa.

Mataimakin shugaban Amurka JD Vance ya ziyarci sansanin a watan Maris, inda ya buƙaci ƴan Greenland su ''ƙulla yarjejeniya da Amurka''.

Greenland na ci gaba da janyo hankalin ƙasashe saboda ɗimbim albarkatunta kamar Uranuim da Iron da wasu ma'adinan ƙarƙashin ƙasa da masu fasahar haɗa wayoyin salula da talibijin ke amfani da su.

A wasu yankunan Greenland ɗin, akwai ma'adinai kamar ruby da sapphire, da zinare, da albarkatun mai da iskar gas da sauransu.

Greenland ne ke iko da albarkatunta, amma an taƙaita ayyukan haƙo ma'adinan.

Haƙo ma'adinan na da matuƙar wahala da tsada saboda girman yankin, da yanayi mara kyau da tsananin sanyi da ƙankara. Sai dai a yanzu za a iya samun sauƙin haƙo wasu ma'adinan saboda sauyin yanayi da ke sa ƙankara narkewa a wasu sassan tsibirin.

Amurka ta sake buɗe ofishin jakadancinta a Nuuk, babban birnin Greenland a shekarar 2020, lokacin mulkin Trump na farko, bayan an rufe shi a 1953.

Ƙasashen Turai da dama, da kuma Canada na da ofisoshin hulɗar jakadanci na wucin gadi.

A ina Greenland ta ke, kuma ta wace ce?

Greenland- Tsibiri mafi girma a duniya da ba nahiya ba - na yankin Arctic mai tsananain sanyi.

Yanki ne mai ƴanci, da ke mulkin kansa a ƙarƙashin masarautar Denmark.

A yayin da Greenland ke iko da akasarin tsare-tsare na cikin gida, tsaro da harkokin ƙasashen waje na hannun Denmark.

Yanki ne da ba shi da yawan al'umma. Aƙalla mutum dubu hamsin da bakwai ke rayuwa a wurin, akasarinsu ƴan asalin yankin.

Aƙalla kashi 80 na yankin na lulluɓe da ƙanƙara, wanda ke nufin mafi yawan mazauna yanki na zama ne a yankin kudu maso yammaci, ta inda babban birnin ƙasar Nuuk yake.

Tattalin arziƙin yankin ya fi dogara ne kan kamun kifi, wanda shi ne kashi 90 na abubuwan da ake fitarwa, yayin da tallafin da ake samu daga Denmark ne kusan kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na kuɗaɗen shigar Greenland.

Ya aka yi Greenland ya kasance ƙarƙashin Denmark?

Greenland ya kasance ƙarƙashin ikon Denmark - wanda ke da nisan kusan kilomita 3,000 daga yankin - kusan tsawon shekara 300.

Wasu mutane da suka taso daga yankin da a yanzu ake kira arewacin Canada ne suka fara zama a tsibirin shekaru da dama kafin Turai ta isa yankin.

Tarihi ya nuna Turawa sun isa yankin a shekaru 985 bayan rasuwar Yesu, a lokacin da ƴan ƙabilar Norse suka samar da garuruwa a tsibirin.

A ƙarni na 13, alummar Norse suka yi mubaya'a ga sarkin Norway, wanda ya sa Greeland ya kasance ƙarƙashin Norway.

Daga bisani Greenland ta koma ƙarƙashin ikon Denmark a 1380, duk da dai Denmark ba ta kafu a ciki ba sai bayan ɗaruruwan shekaru. Zuwa shekarun 1450 kuwa, ƴan ƙabilar Norse sun ƙare a yankin.

Denmark ta sake nanata ikon ta a 1721.

Har zuwa 1953, Greenland na ƙarƙashin mulkin mallakar Denmark, kafin aka shigar da ita masarautar, a lokacin ƴan Greenland suka zama ƴan Denmark.

A wata ƙuri'ar amincewa da aka yi a 1979, an bai wa Greenland iko kan akasarin tsare tsaren cikin gida, yayin da Denmark ke iko da tsaronta da harkokin ƙasashen waje.

Wane ne wakilin, Trump Jeff Landry?

Jeff Landry, wanda shi ne gwamnan Louisiama, tsohon soja ne kuma tsohon ɗan sanda. A baya ya kasance ɗan majalisa ne a Amurka da kuma babban mai shari'a na Louisiana kafin a zaɓe shi a matsayin gwamna a 2023.

Ya ce sabon matsayinsa na wakili na musamman ba zai shafi aikinsa na gwamna ba, kuma abin alfahari ne ya yi aiki a ''wannan matsayi da zai sa yankin Greenland ya zama wani ɓangare na Amurka.

A baya Landry ya sha bayyana zafafan ra'ayoyinsa game da Greenland.

A wani rubutu da ya wallafa a shafinsa na X a watan Janairu, ya ce Shugaba Trump ya yi dai-dai! Wajibi ne mu tabbatar da cewa Greenland ta shiga Amurka. Hakan zai amfane su ya kuma amfane mu!

Wakilai na musamman wani matsayi ne da ake bayar wa ba a hukumance ba, kuma ba kamar yadda ake naɗa jakadu ba, wannan matsayi ba ya buƙatar amincewar ƙasar da aka aika wakilin.

Mene ake cewa?

Naɗin Landry a matsayin wakilin Amurka ya fusata Denmark.

Ministan harkokin wajen ƙasar Lars Løkke Rasmussen, ya bayyana naɗin a matsayin ''abu mai matuƙar tayar da hankali'' ya kuma gargaɗi Amurka ta mutunta ƴancin Denmark.

A wata sanarwa da Greenland ta fitar wadda ke da goyon bayan Denmark, Firaministan Greenland Jens-Frederik Nielsen ya ce yankin a shirye take ta haɗa kai da Amurka da duk ma wasu ƙasashe, amma ta hanyar fahimatar juna da mutunta juna.

''Mu ne kaɗai za mu iya zaɓen makomarmu, '' in ji shi. '' Yankin Greenland na ƴan Greenland ne, kuma wajibi ne a mutunta ƴancin yankinmu.''

Shugabar hukumar Tarayyar Turai Ursula Von der Leyen, ta ce Tarayyar Turai na goyon bayan Denmark da mutanen Greenland.''