Da alamu samuwar sabbin taurari a sararin sama na raguwa - Masana
Asalin hoton, Anadolu via Getty Images
- Marubuci, Fernando Duarte
- Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC World Service
- Lokacin karatu: Minti 4
Babu abin da yake da tabbas a doron ƙasa...har da duniyar da muke ciki. A tsawon shekaru ashirin da suka wuce, masana ilimin taurari sun yi hasashen cewa kirkira ya fara wuce lokacinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin alamomi shi ne na cigaba da samun sabbin taurari kaɗan da ake yi.
Ba wai taurari na neman karewa a duniya ba ne, a'a. Akwai kiyasin cewa akwai su da dama, yawansu ya kai har malala gashin tunkiya (septillion) a hasashen masana.
Sai dai masana taurari sun yi imanin cewa samar da sabbin taurari yana ƙara raguwa.
An samu sabon tauraro... sannan ya mutu
Abin da masana kimiyya suka amince da shi shi ne duniya na da aƙalla shekara biliyan 13.8 zuwa yanzu. An samar da sabbin taurari da daɗewa.
A bara, na'urar hangen nesa na James Webb Space Telescope, ya gano cewa wasu taurari guda uku a duniyar mu, wanda aka yi imanin cewa sun kai shekaru biliyan 13.
Taurari suna da girman gaske waɗanda suke fara rayuwa a yanay iri ɗaya.
Asalin hoton, Nasa/Esa/CSA/STScI; Processing: J DePasquale/A Pagan/A Koekemoer (STScI)
Yayin da ginshikin tauraro ya yi zafi har zuwa miliyoyin darajoji, ana matse sinadarin hydrogen da ke cikinsa wuri guda don samar da sinadarin helium a tsarin da ake kira haɗakar nukiliya. Wannan yana fitar da haske da zafi, kuma a nan tauraro yana cikin daidaito.
Masana ilimin taurari sun kiyasta babban jerin taurari, ciki har da rana, inda suka kai kusan kashi 90 na duk taurarin sararin samaniya. Suna girma daga kashi ɗaya cikin goma zuwa sau 200 na yawan Rana.
A ƙarshe waɗannan taurari na ƙare wa bayan lokaci, kuma suna iya ɗaukar hanyoyi daban-daban akan hanyarsu ta mutuwa.
Ƙananan taurari kamar Rana suna tafiya cikin tsari mai shuɗewa sama da biliyoyin shekaru.
Taurari da suka daɗe su ne kan gaba
Yanzu za ku iya samun labaran BBC Hausa kai-tsaye a wayoyinku.
Latsa nan domin shiga
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A 2013, ƙungiyar masana taurari ta duniya da ke nazarin yanayin halittar taurari sun yi iƙirarin cewa kashi 95 na duk tauraron da za su wanzu an riga an haife su.
"Muna rayuwa ne a cikin duniyar da tsoffin taurari suka mamaye," in ji jagoran wannan binciken, David Sobral, a wata makala da aka wallafa a shafin intanet na Subaru Telescope a lokacin.
A cikin jerin lokutan duniya, alamu sun nuna cewa an samar da tauraro mafi girma ne kusan shekaru biliyan 10 da suka wuce, a cikin wani lokaci da ake kira Cosmic Noon.
"Abubuwa na sauya iskar gas zuwa taurari, kuma suna yin hakan a hankali," in ji Farfesa Douglas Scott, masanin taurari a Jami'ar British Columbia da ke Kanada.
Farfesa Scott marubuci ne na wani binciken da aka riga aka wallafa - a halin yanzu yana bitar takwarorinsu - wanda ya yi nazarin bayanai daga na'urar hangen nesa ta Euclid da Herschel na Hukumar Kula da Sararin Samaniya ta Turai.
Shi da ƙungiyar masu bincike na ƙasa da ƙasa sun samu damar yin nazarin fiye da taurari miliyan 2.6 a lokaci guda, wanda ya zo irin manufa ɗaya da na'urar hangen nesa na Euclid don ƙirƙirar taswirar 3D mai girma na sararin samaniya.
Asalin hoton, Esa/Euclid/Euclid Consortium/Nasa; Processing: JC Cuillandre (CEA Paris-Saclay)/G Anselmi
Masanan sun fi mayar da hankali kan zafi da kuma ƙura da taurari ke fitar wa.
Duniyoyi da ke samar da manyan taurari, sun fi damar fita cikin zafi da ƙura.
Masu binciken sun gano cewa yanayin taurari ya cigaba da raguwa sama da shekaru biliyan da suka wuce, a cewar farfesa Scott.
"Mun riga da mun wuce lokacin da ya dace na kirkiro da taurari, kuma za a cigaba da samun kalilan na sabbin taurari," in ji shi.
Gaskiya ne cewa mutuwar tsoffin taurari zai janyo samar da sabbi ta hanyar amfani da abubuwa iri ɗaya, sai dai ba abu ne mai sauki ba.
Alal misali mu ɗauka cewa muna da sabbin kayaki na gini kuma mun yi amfani da su wajen gina gida. Idan muna son gina sabo, za mu iya sake amfani da tsoffin ginin, amma ba komai bane zai yi amfani.
"Wannan na nufin cewa za mu iya gina karamin gida kaɗai. Kowane lokac muka ruguje shi, za a cigaba da samun kayakin da ba za su yi amfani ba har lokacin da ba za a iya gina sabon gida ba," in ji Farfesa Scott.
Asalin hoton, Nasa/SDO
Tun da daɗewa masana kimiyya sun bayyana cewa watarana duniyar da muke ciki za ta zo karshe. Sai dai ba su da tabbacin ta yaya kuma yaushe.
Farfesa Scott ya yi kiyasin cewa sabbin taurari za su ci gaba da bayyana har nan da shekara tiriliyan 10 zuwa 100 masu zuwa - lokaci mai tsawo watakila bayan ɓacewar rana.
Asalin hoton, Esa/Webb/Nasa/CSA/J Lee/PHANGS-JWST Team
