Yadda China ta yi ƙoƙarin cusa kanta cikin zukatan al'ummar Afirka

Yayin da shugabannin Afirka ke taruwa a birnin Beijing domin taron ƙasashen Afirka da China, wata manufa da shugaban China Xi Jinping ya samu nasarar cimmawa ita ce faɗaɗa tasirin China a Afirka ta hanyar yada shirye-shiryen talabijin ma kasar.

Kimanin shekaru tara da suka gabata, shugaban Xi ya ɗaukar wa shugabannin Afirka da ke halartar taron haɗin kai tsakanin China da ƙasashen Afirka a birnin Johannesburg alƙawarin samar wa ƙauyuka sama da 10,000 a ƙasashe 23 na Afirka shirye-shiryen talabijin na ’dish’ ko tauraron dan’adam.

Yanzu haka ƙauyuka kimanin 9,600 na amfana da kallon tashoshin talabijin na tayraron dan’adam, wanda hakan ke nufin wannan manufa ta kusa cika.

China ta miƙa wannan aiki ne a hannun wani kamfanin ƴan China mai zaman kansa, wanda ake kira StarTimes, kamfanin da dama yake aiki a wasu ƙasashen Afirka.

Wannan ya samar da wata dama ga China ta nuna ƙarfinta ta kaikaice a yankin na Afirka.

Yayin da tattalin arzikin China ke hali na faɗi-tashi, ƙasar ta sake sauya dabarunta, BBC ta ziyarci wasu ƙauyuka huɗu a Kenya domin gano ko wannan dabara ta China ta yi tasiri.

A ƙauyen Olasiti, mai nisan tafiyar awa uku ta yammacin Nairobi, babban birnin ƙasar Kenya, Nicholas Nguku ya tara iyali da abokai domin kallon ƴan wasan guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle na Kenya waɗanda ke fafatawa a gasar Olympics da ake yi a Paris na ƙasar Faransa.

"Na yi farin ciki sosai ganin cewa za mu iya kallon gasar Olympics, a shekaru da dama da suka gabata kafin zuwan StarTimes ba mu samun damar hakan," in ji shi, lokacin da yake magana kan yadda StarTimes ta samar da farantan dish domin kama tashoshin talabijin, shekaru hudu da suka gabata.

Ba shi kaɗai ne wanda ke cin gajiyar ayyukan StarTimes ba a faɗin Afirka. Kamfanin da aka ƙaddamar a shekarar 2008, StarTimes a yanzu ya zamo kamfanin samar da shirye-shiryen talabijin na tauraron dan’asam mai zaman kansa mafi girma a ƙasashen Afirka da ke kudancin hamadar Sahara, inda ake da sama da mutum miliyan 16 da ke amfani shi.

Manazarta na ganin cewa arharsa a farko-farko shi ne dalilin da ya sa ya samu karɓuwa sosai.

A Kenya, kuɗin da ake biya domin kama tashoshin talabijin na tauraron dan’adam din StarTimes a wata ɗaya, ya kama ne daga kudin Kenya shilling 329 (dalar Amurka 2.50) zuwa shilling1,799 (dalar Amurka 14).

Idan za a kwatanta, kuɗin da ake biya a wata ɗaya domin kama tashoshin DStv na kamfanin MultiChoice, yana kamawa ne daga kuɗin Kenya shilling 700 zuwa 10,500.

Yayin da StarTimes ke dogaro da kuɗaɗen da yake samu daga masu kallon tashoshinsa a matsayin wani ɓangare na kuɗin shigarsa, batun samar da tashoshin tauraron dan’adam ga ƙauyuka 10,000 shiri ne wanda asusun tallafi na South-South Assistance Fund na gwamnatin China ke ɗaukar nauyi.

Farantan dish ɗin da aka mammakala na ɗauke ne da tambarin StarTimes da na Ma'aikatar yaɗa labaru ta Kenya da kuma tambarin hukumar tallafi ta China, wato 'China Aid'.

A lokacin sanya waɗannan farantan kamo tashoshin talabijin an riƙa bayyana wa mazauna yankunan cewa "kyauta ce daga China".

Dr Angela Lewis, malamar makaranta wadda ta yi rubuta da dama kan ayyukan StarTimes a Afirka, ta ce wannan shiri zai sanya mutane su riƙa yi wa China kallon mai kyakkyaar manufa.

Akan sanya wa mutane farantin ne kyauta tare da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na kama tashoshin na talabijin.

Wannan abu ne da zai kaw "gagarumin sauyi," in ji Dr Lewis, kasancewar a baya mazauna ƙauyuka ba su samun tashoshin talabijin masu kyau.

Wannan ne lokaci na farko da wasu mazauna irin waɗannan yankuna suke samun damar kallon tashoshin satalayit a rayuwarsu, wanda hakan ke sauya yadda waɗannan mutane ke kallon ƙasashen duniya.

A wasu wuraren a ƙauyen Ainomoi da ke yammacin Kenya, kamar asibitoci da makarantu, suna kallon tashoshin ne kyauta.

A ɗakin jira na wani asibiti, akwai talabijin mai nuna tashoshin StarTimes, lamarin da ke ɗebe wa marasa lafiya kewa. Sannan a wasu makarantun kuma an sa masu tasoshin yara inda suke kallon ƴar tsana na wasa bayan kammala ɗaukar darasi.

"Bayan kammala ɗaukar darussa muna kallon wasannin ƴar tsana na yara mu duka, muna jin daɗin yadda muke kallo a tare," in ji Ruth Chelang'at, ɗaliba a makarantar.

Sai dai wasu daga cikin magidanta da aka tattauna da su a wasu ƙauyukan Kenya sun bayyana cewa sun kalli tashoshin kyauta ne na tsawon wani lokaci.

Haka nan duk da cewa kuɗin kallon tashoshin na da sauƙi sosai, amma babban aiki ne ga magidanta da dama.

Wannan ya sanya lamarin ya sure wa wasu, wanda hakan ya sanya suka dawo rakiyar tsarin, lamarin da ke iya yin nakasu ga ƙudurin China na samun soyayyar mutanen karkara.

"A farkon lokacin da aka sanya mana satalayit ɗin muna ta murna, amma mun kalla kyauta ne kawai na wasu ƴan watanni, bayan nan dole ne mu riƙa biya," in ji Rose Chepkemoi, daga ƙauyen Chemori a yankin Kericho. "Abin ya yi yawa, mun kasa ci gaba da biya."

Idan mutum bai biya kuɗi ba, tashoshin da zai iya kamawa ƙalilan ne, kamar gidan talabijin na gwamnatin Kenya, in ji wasu da suka daina biyan kuɗi domin kallon tashoshin na StarTimes.

Lokacin da BBC ta ziyarci wasu daga cikin ƙauyukan da aka sanya wa tashoshin StarTimes daga shekarar 2018 zuwa 2020, mutane da dama sun bayyana cewa sun daina amfani da ita bayan da lokacin kallo kyauta ya ƙare.

Sarkin ƙauyen Ainamoi ya ce da dma daga cikin mutum 25 da suka samu satalayit ɗin na StarTimes sun yi watsi da shi bayan lokacin kallo kyauta ya ƙare.

BBC ta tuntuɓi kamfanin StarTimes game da batun lokacin kallo kyauta da aka bai wa mutanen, sai dai kamfani bai bayar da amsa ba.

China ta yi ƙoƙarin ganin mutane sun kalli shirye-shiryen da ke fitowa daga ƙasar, domin hatta tashoshin da ake kallo idan aka biya kudi mafi ƙanƙanci sun haɗa da tashar Kung Fu da Sino Drama waɗanda ke nuna fina-finan ƙasar China zalla.

A cikin shekara ta 2023, fina-finan China sama da 1,000 ne aka fassara zuwa harsunan Afirka, in ji Ma Shaoyong, shugaban sashen hulɗa da jama'a na kamfanin StarTimes.

A Kenya, alal misali, a 2014 kamfanin StarTimes ya ƙaddamar da wata tashar yaɗa shirye-shirye da harshen Swahili.

A ɓangare ɗaya kuma, mutanen da suka kalli fina-finan China a tashoshin sun ce fina-finan sun kasance tsohon yayi sannan kuma fina-finan na nuna son-kai.

Idan aka duba wasu daga cikin fina-finan da ake nunawa za a ga cewa akwai fina-finan soyayya da yawa, cikin har da wani sanannen shiri da ake ya take 'Hello Mr Right, inda waɗanda ke shiga cikin shirin ke neman samun masoyi ko masoyiya.

An ƙirƙiri shirin ne daga wani shiri makamancinsa a ƙasar China mai suna 'If You Are The One'.

Yayin da ake iya kallon gidan talabijin na gwamnatin ƙasar China - CGTN - hatta a tsari mafi sauƙi na StarTimes, tashar ba ta samun masu kallo kamar yadda tashoshi irin su BBC da CNN ke samu.

Wani malamai a Jami'ar Sheffield, Dr Dani Madrid-Morales ya ce StarTimes bai kawo sauyin da ak yi hasashe ba a yanayin shirye-shiryen da mutane ke kallo a Afirka.

Shirin ya zama tarihi

StarTimes ya samu nasarori sosai a tsawon shekaru, kuma shirin China na kai shirye-shiryen talabijin ga ƙauyuka 10,000 a Afirka ya taimaka wajen bunƙasar kamfanin.

Sai dai kuma yayin da ake ƙara gudanar da wani taron ƙasashen Afirka da China, har yanzu ƙasar ba ta cimma burinta na yin kane-kane a zukatan al'ummar Afirka ba kamar yadda ta ƙudurta a farko.

"Gwamnatin ta yi ƙoƙarin ganin ta sauya yadda mutane ke kallon ƙasashen duniya ta yadda China za ta zamo wata jaruma, sai dai hakan bai cimma nasara ba," in ji Dr Madrid-Morales.

"Kuɗin da aka narkar cikin wannan shiri, da alama kwalliya ba ta biya kuɗin sabulu ba."

Mutane da dama da BBC ta tattauna da su a wasu ƙauyuka na nuna damuwa kan kuɗin da za su kashe domin samun yin kallo da kuma abubuwan da ake kallo a tashoshin.

Kamar yadda farantan dish na satalayit ɗin StarTimes ɗin suka yi tsatsa, haka nan ma wannan shiri na ƙasar ta China ya zama tamkar tarihi.

"Tabbas mun san daga China shirin yake, amma bai da amfani idan mutane ba su amfani da shi," in ji Chepkemoi, wadda ta daina biyan kuɗin kallon tashoshin StarTimes.