Ishimutwa n'iyicarubozo ku bimukira bo muri Afuganisitani ku mupaka wa Irani na Turukiya

Inkuru ya Soran Qurbani

BBC World Service

Abanyafuganisitani bahunga ubutegetsi bw'Abatalibani barimo gushimutwa kandi bagakorerwa iyicarubozo n'imitwe y'abagizi ba nabi mu gihe bagerageza kwambuka umupaka wa Irani na Turukiya berekeza mu Burayi, nkuko byemezwa n'iperereza rya BBC. Iyo mitwe y'abagizi ba nabi ihita rero yoherereza amashusho ya video y'ayo mabi imiryango y'abimukira iba yafashe bugwate maze ikaka amafaranga kugirango barekurwe.

Ikitonderwa: Iyi nyandiko irimo amagambo asobanura ibikorwa by'urugomo n'ibitero bishingiye ku gitsina ku buryo ku basomyi bamwe ashobora kubakura umutima.

Itsinda ry'abimukira bo muri Afuganistani babohewe hamwe hakoreshejwe iminyururu bari ku isonga ry'umusozi kandi bafungishije ingufuri mu ijoshi baratakamba ngo barekurwe.

Umugabo umwe, umunwa we uriho amaraso, agira ati: "Buri wese ubona iyi video amenye ko nashimuswe ejo kandi abanshimuse barasaba ingwate ya $4,000 kuri buri wese turi kumwe. Dukubitwa ubutitsa umunsi n'ijoro."

Indi video yerekana itsinda ry'abagabo bambaye ubusa bakambakamba mu rubura mu gihe inyuma yabo hari umuntu ugenda abakubita.

Mu yindi video umugabo umwe, mbere gato yuko afotorwa arimo ahohoterwa bishingiye ku gitsinda atunzwe icyuma, arira agira ati: "Mfite umuryango, winkora ibi bintu; mfite umugore n'abana, ngirira impuhwe."

Aya mashusho ya video ateye ubwoba ni gihamya cy'ubucuruzi bw'abagizi ba nabi bukorwa n'imitwe yo muri Irani ishimuta ahanini abimukira bo muri Afuganistani baba bagerageza kujya mu Burayi.

Abo bimukira bava muri Afuganistani bakinjira muri Irani maze mu nyuma bakinjira muri Turukiya no mu Burayi. Ni inzira hashize imyaka mirongo bakoresha. Mu byukuri nanjye nanyuze muri iyo nzira hashize imyaka 12 igihe nahungaga Irani nkaza mu Bwongereza aho nahawe ubuhungiro.

Ariko ubungubu iyo nzira yabaye mbi cyane kurusha mbere.

Abagerageza kwambuka bava muri Irani berekeza muri Turukiya bagenda amasaha menshi ku butaka bw'imisozi yakakaye idafite ibiti bitanga igicucu, bikagorana kwihisha abashinzwe umutekano barinda kariya gace.

Mu gihe ibihumbi amagana bahunze Afuganisitani kuva Abatalibani bafata ubutegetsi muri Kanama 2021, udutsiko tw'abagizi ba nabi twabonye amahirwe yo kunguka kubera ubwiyongere bukabije bw’abantu bakora urwo rugendo.

Akenshi ku bufatanye na bamagendu, utwo dutsiko dushimuta abantu ku ruhande rwa Irani ku mupaka, tukambura amafaranga imiryango itishoboye akenshi iba yaranabanje kwishyura amafaranga menshi kugira ngo izambuke nta ngorane.

Itsinda ry'abanyamakuru ba BBC ryumvise inkuru z’iyicarubozo byibuze ahantu 10 ku mupaka. Umwe mu mpirimbanyi wakurikiranye iri hohoterwa mu myaka itatu ishize yatubwiye ko igihe byari bikomeye yakiraga amashusho ya video agera kuri abiri cyangwa atatu y’iyicarubozo ku munsi.

Mu nzu yo kubamo mu nyubako iri ku murwa mukuru w’ubucuruzi wa Turukiya Istanbul, twahahuriye na Amina.

Yagize akazi keza nk'umupolisi muri Afuganisitani, ariko ahunga igihugu amaze kubona ko Abatalibani bagiye gufata ubutegetsi, dore ko mbere bari barakomeje kumutera ubwoba.

Avuga gahoro kandi ateze igitambaro mu mutwe, yambwiye ibyamubayeho ku mupaka ubwo we n'umuryango we bafatwagaho bugwate n'agatsiko k'abagizi ba nabi.

"Nagize ubwoba bwinshi, nagize ubwoba, kuko nari ntwite kandi nta muganga wari uhari. Twari twarumvise inkuru nyinshi z'abahungu bato bafatwa ku ngufu."

Ise, Haji, yatubwiye ko agatsiko k'abagizi ba nabi kamwoherereje videwo yerekana iyicarubozo ry’umugabo wo muri Afuganisitani utazwi nyuma yo gushimuta Amina n’abandi bagize umuryango we.

Agira ati: "Ibyo nibyo bibazo nari ndimo. Mu kohereza aya mashusho baramburiraga. Niba utishyuye ingwate tuzica abakobwa bawe n'umukwe wawe."

Haji yagurishije inzu ye muri Afuganisitani kugira ngo yishyure ako gatsiko maze umuryango we urekurwe. Bongeye kugerageza kongera kwinjira muri Turukiya, noneho birabahira.

Ariko ako kaga k'iminsi umunani ku mupaka Amina yahuye nako katumye atakaza umwana we.

Usibye udutsiko tw'abagizi ba nabi, Amina n'abandi bahura n'indi mbogamizi ikomeye mu nzira yabo: Urukuta.

Uru rukuta rwa metero eshatu kuzamuka ruzitiye igice kirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy'uburebure bw'umupaka wa Turukiya na Irani, kandi rwongererwa ingufu n'imikwege ya senyenge n'utwuma tw'ikoranabuhanga ducunga abantu ndetse n'iminara yo gucunga abagerageza kwambuka. Amafaranga arugendaho atangwa n'umuryango w'ubumwe bw'Uburayi (EU).

Turukiya yatangiye kubaka urukuta mu 2017 mu rwego rwo guhagarika abimukira binjira mu gihugu, ariko baracyaza.

Amina n'abandi benshi batubwiye ko baguye mu maboko y’udutsiko tw’abagizi ba nabi ku ruhande rwa Irani nyuma y’uko abategetsi ba Turukiya babasubije inyuma ku mupaka nijoro, ibi kandi bikaba binanemezwa n’imiryango mpuzamahanga iharanira uburenganzira bw'ikiremwamuntu.

Mahmut Kagan, umunyamategeko w’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Turukiya wunganira abasaba ubuhungiro, ashimangira ko iki gikorwa kitemewe n’amategeko mpuzamahanga, gifasha udutsiko tw'abagizi ba nabi guhohotera abantu.

Abategetsi ba Turkiya ntibigeze basubiza ubusabe bwa BBC bwo kugira icyo bavuga kuri ibi birego. Ariko ku birego bisa nk'ibi ishinjwa n’imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, guverinoma ya Turukiya yahakanye ko isubiza abantu inyuma ku ngufu maze yongeraho ko ibikorwa byose bibuza abantu kwinjira muri Turukiya mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko bikorwa hubahirijwe amategeko yo gucunga umupaka.

Mbere yuko urukuta rwubakwa, abaturage benshi bakundaga kwibeshaho binjiza ibicuruzwa hakurya y'umupaka mu buryo bw'amagendo. Ubwo bucuruzi ubu ahanini bwarahagaze; bivuze ko bamwe mu babukoraga basigaye bashimuta abimukira cyangwa bakabaca amafaranga kugirango babambutse umupaka mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko.

I Van, umujyi wa Turukiya wegereye umupaka wa Irani n’ahantu haboneka cyane ubucuruzi bwo gufasha abimukira kwambuka imipaka mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko. Twahahuriye n’umusore wo muri Afuganisitani witwa Ahmed ubwo yaganiraga n'abakora ubwo bucuruzi ku bijyanye n'igice gikurikiraho cy'urugendo rwe.

Murumuna wa Ahmed yashimutiwe ku ruhande rwa Irani ku mupaka hamwe n'umuryango we mugari ubwo bageragezaga guhunga Abatalibani umwaka ushize.

Ahmed, icyo gihe wari ukiri muri Afuganisitani, ni we wakiriye telefone y'agatsiko k'abagizi ba nabi basabaga ingwate.

Agira ati: "Navuze ko nta mafaranga dufite, umushimusi yari arimo akubita murumuna wanjye. Twashoboraga kubyumva ku murongo wa telefoni."

Ahmed yagurishije ibintu by'umuryango we kugirango yishyure ingwate barekurwe. Ariko ibyababayeho ntabwo byamuciye intege kugirango nawe agerageze urugendo nk'urwo nyuma y'amezi atandatu ashakisha ubuzima bwiza nyuma y'ibibazo by'ubukungu byakurikiye ifata ry'ubutegetsi ry'Abatalibani.

Mu murwa mukuru wa Afuganisitani Kabul, twahuye na Said, yaragarutse aho yatangiriye nyuma yo kugerageza inshuro esheshatu bikamunanira guhunga Afuganisitani yerekeza muri Turukiya.

Yari yarasezeranijwe icyangombwa cy'igihimbano kizamufasha kwambuka akagera muri Turukiya. Ahubwo avuga ko yahemukiwe n’umuntu wari wamwemereye kubimufashamo kuko yamugurishije n'agatsiko k'abagizi ba nabi, bakamwica urubozo bagasaba ingwate y'amadolari 10,000.

Agira ati: "Nagize ubwoba bwinshi. Bashoboraga kunkorera ikintu cyose kibi. Kumvanamo amaso yanjye, kugurisha impyiko zanjye, kumvanamo umutima wanjye".

Ariko yatubwiye ko ari icyubahiro cye yatinyaga gutakaza cyane kurusha ibindi, nyuma yo kumva ako gatsiko kaganira ukuntu gashoboraga kumusambanya ku gahato no koherereza iyo videwo umuryango we muri Irani.

Amaherezo, yaratorotse nyuma yo kwishyura amadorari 500.

Twabajije guverinoma ya Irani icyo irimo gukora kugira ngo ihashye ibikorwa by'udutsiko tw'abagizi ba nabi ku mupaka, ariko ntitwabonye igisubizo.

BBC yarahagaritswe muri Irani, bityo ntitwashoboye kwambuka umupaka ngo dukore iperereza kurushaho.

Nyuma y'ibyumweru icyo kiganiro kibaye, Said yaraduhamagaye atubwira ko yongeye kugerageza urwo rugendo kandi ko yongeye kugera i Tehran. Hashize amezi umunani ibyo abitubwiye- kandi kuva icyo gihe nta kanunu k'amakuru ye.

Ariko abandi batagize amahirwe bagize yo kugera muri Turukiya, nka Amina, barimo kugerageza kurebana ibyiringiro ejo hazaza.

Agira ati: "Ntabwo nzacika intege. Nzi ko nzaba umubyeyi." "Nzi ko nzagira ingufu."

Twahinduye amazina ya bamwe mubavuganye natwe muri iyi nyandiko kubera impamvu z'umutekano wabo.