Uriko ubona ku rubuga aherekana amakuru mu nyandiko gusa, hakoresha uburyo buke. Ja ku rubuga nyamukuru ubone amakuru mu nyandiko iherekejwe n'amasanamu.
Njana ku rubuga nyamukuru canke aho gusoma gusa
Ibindi vyerekeye ingene urwo rubuga rugutwara uburyo (ama mega) buke
Abashimusi bageramiye imvubu bashaka amenyo rutura yazo mu mwanya w’amahembe y’inzovu
Navin Singh Khadka
Umwanditsi ku bidukikije, BBC World Service
Ibikorwa bikomeye byo kurwanya icuruzwa ry’amahembe y’inzovu byateye kwiyongera k’ubucuruzi bw’amenyo y’imvubu, nk’uko abarengera inyamaswa babivuga, baburira ko bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kuri izi nyamaswa zisanzwe ziri mu “izigeramiwe no gucika”.
Ubwo muri Kamena(6) ishize Ubwongereza bwatangazaga guhagarika gukomeye k’ubucuruzi bw’amahembe y’inzovu, ikigo cyita ku buzima bw’inyamaswa cyagenzuye ibibera ku masoko atatu manini yo kuri internet.
Frankie Osuch umwe mu banditse raporo yo muri Nzeri(9) bise Born Free, agira ati: “Twabonye kwiyongera mu bucuruzi bw’amenyo y’imvubu mu Bwongereza mu kwezi kumwe nyuma y’icyemezo Ubwongereza bwafashe.”
Iyi raporo ivuga ko iki ari ikimenyetso cyo kwiyongera ko gukenera ku isoko umurimbo wa ivory/ivoire.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ibi bisa n’ibyabaye mu 1989, ubwo bwa mbere ibihugu ku isi byemeranyaga kurwanya ubucuruzi bw’amahembe y’inzovu, kandi ubu bucuruzi bwariyongereye uko leta nazo zakazaga ingamba zo kurwanya iyicwa ry’inzovu.
Kimwe n’amahembe y’inzovu, amenyo y’imvubu nayo abazwamo imirimbo y’agaciro, ariko yo arahendutse kandi yoroshye kubona.
Ibice by’umubiri w’imvubu biracyemewe kugurishwa mu masezerano azwi nka Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), nubwo buri bucuruzi mpuzamahanga busaba uruhushya rwa leta.
Byabazwe ko hagati ya 1975, ubwo CITES yatangiraga kubara, na 2017, amenyo y’imvubu apima 770,000kg yagurishijwe mu buryo bwemewe. Ariko hari n’ayagurishijwe magendu.
Mu 2020 amenyo y’imvubu ari mu bice byinshi by’imibiri y’inyamaswa byafashwe bigiye gucuruzwa bitemewe mu bihugu bigize Ubumwe bw’Uburayi, nk’uko raporo ya komisiyo y’ibyo bihugu ibivuga.
Philip Muruthy, visi perezida wa Africa Wildlife Foundation ati: “Muri iyi minsi hari kongerwa umubare w’imbwa zihunahuna mu gutahura amenyo y’imvubu ku bibuga by’indege bitandukanye muri Africa, kuyabona ntibivuze ko yose afatwa, birashoboka ko nk’icya kabiri cyayo aricyo gifatwa.”
Inyigo y’ikigo International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) yo mu 2016 ivuga ko imvubu ziri ku isi zari hagati ya 115,000 na 130,000 – kugabanuka kwa 30% ugereranyije no mu 1994.
Ibihugu 10 byo muri Africa y’uburengerazuba no hagati bivuga ko umubare w’imvubu zabyo uri kugabanuka cyane kubera ubushimusi buzibasira no kwangirika kw’ubuturo bwazo.
Ibi bihugu byasabye ko habaho guca burundu ubucuruzi bw’ibizikomokaho mu nama kuri CITES yabereye muri Panama mu kwezi gushize, ariko hakurikijwe amategeko ya CITES ibyo byari gushoboka gusa ari uko habayeho kugabanuka kugera kuri 50% kw’imvubu mu myaka 10 ishize.
Ibyifuzo by’ibyo bihugu 10 bya Africa ku kurengera imvubu ntibyashyigikiwe n’ibihugu by’Iburayi hamwe n’ibyo muri Africa y’amajyepfo n’iburasirazuba byavuze ko umubare w’imvubu ukiri ku rwego rwiza.
Ibihugu bimwe by’iburasirazuba n’amajyepfo ya Africa – Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, na Zimbabwe – niho havuye 1/3 cy’ibice by’imvubu byagurishijwe hagati ya 2009 na 2018.
Joanna Swabe, uri mu bakuriye ikigo Humane Society International, avuga ko hakozwe imirimo micye kuva mu 2016 mu gusigasira umubare w’imvubu.
Agira ati: “Habayeho ubushakashatsi bucye cyane bwa gihanga ku mubare nyawo w’imvubu muri biriya bihugu byose. Mu gihe muri icyo gihe ibihugu bizi ibirimo kuba ku mvubu iwabo, ibyo rero ntibakwiye kubyirengagiza.”
Imvubu ntizororoka cyane, zibwagura ikibwana kimwe gusa mu mwaka, bityo kugabanya umubare wazo mu kuzica bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye.
Bimwe ku mvubu
- Imvubu zose ziba muri Africa – ziri mu moko abiri, imvubu zisanzwe (zabarirwaga hagati ya 115,000 na 130,000 mu 2016) n’imvubu za cyera (2,000-3,000)
- Imvubu zisanzwe zashyizwe mu rwego rwa “izigeramiwe no gucika” na International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) mu 2016
- Ibice by’imvubu zigera ku 13,909, byagurishijwe byemewe hagati ya 2009 na 2018 – 1/3 cyabyo byavuye muri Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, na Zimbabwe
- Ibiro 770,000 by’amenyo y’imvubu byagurishijwe mu buryo bwemewe kuva mu 1975 – 2017, umubare w’ibyagurishijwe bitemewe ntabwo uzwi
Inzobere mu buzima bw’inyamaswa zivuga ko ubucuruzi bwemewe n’ubwa magendu bw’amenyo y’imvubu bukwiye gukurikiranwa kurushaho.
Ibihugu 10 bisaba ko ubu bucuruzi bucibwa burundu bivuga ko hari ibihamya bikomeye ko hari “imikoranire y’ubucuruzi bwemewe n’ubutemewe” ku isoko risanzwe ryemewe n’amategeko.
Impirimbanyi zivuga ko nib nta bugenzuzi bukomeye bukozwe imvubu zishobora kumera nk’inzovu, ubu zigeramiwe no gucika kuko nyinshi zishwe kugira ngo bashimute amahembe yazo.
