Imisoro ya Trump ku byinjira ni intego yari amaranye igihe kirekire – ni na rwo rusimbi rukomeye cyane ateye kugeza ubu

    • Umwanditsi, Anthony Zurcher
    • Igikorwa, Umunyamakuru wa BBC muri Amerika ya Ruguru

Politike ya Donald Trump yarahindutse cyane muri iyi myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo amaze ari umuntu uzwi muri rubanda. Ariko ikintu kimwe yagumyeho, guhera mu myaka ya 1980, ni imyemerere ye ko imisoro ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu ari uburyo butanga umusaruro bwo guteza imbere ubukungu bw'Amerika.

None ubu, arimo gusheta (nka kumwe kwo mu rusimbi) ubutegetsi bwe avuga ko ari mu kuri.

Mu gikorwa cyabereye mu busitani bwitwa Rose Garden bwo mu biro bye bya White House, akikijwe n'inshuti, abanyapolitike b'amahame yo gukomera ku bya kera n'abaminisitiri, Trump yatangaje imisoro mishya myinshi ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu biva mu bihugu bitandukanye – inshuti, abacyeba (ibihatana n'Amerika mu bukungu) hamwe n'abanzi.

Mu ijambo ryari ririmo kwishimira icyo gikorwa no kwishimira we ubwe, ryagiye ricibwamo n'amashyi yakomerwaga avuye mu mbaga, Perezida Trump yibukije ukuntu amaze igihe kirekire ashyigikira imisoro ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu, ndetse yibutsa ko kuva kera yakomeje kunenga amasezerano y'ubwisanzure mu bucuruzi, nk'amasezerano y'ubwisanzure mu bucuruzi yo muri Amerika ya Ruguru (NAFTA) n'umuryango mpuzamahanga w'ubucuruzi (WTO/OMC).

Perezida Trump yemeye ko mu minsi iri imbere azahura n'abamusunika bamusubiza inyuma kuri iyi gahunda bo mu ruhande rw'"abashyira imbere inyungu z'isi" hamwe n'"abashyira imbere inyungu zihariye". Ariko yashishikarije Abanyamerika kumwizera.

Yagize ati: "Ntimwibagirwe na rimwe, [ko] buri kintu cyose abo duhanganye bahanuye [bateganyaga] ku bucuruzi muri iyi myaka 30 ishize byagaragaye ko nta kuri na busa kwari kurimo."

Ubu, muri iyi manda ye ya kabiri aho akikijwe n'abajyanama batekereza nka we ndetse akaba ari we munyembaraga cyane mu ishyaka ry'abarepubulikani rigenzura imitwe yombi (uwa sena n'uw'abadepite) mu nteko ishingamategeko, Trump ari mu mwanya wo gushyira mu ngiro icyerekezo cye cy'Amerika nshya ishingiye ku kwibanda ku igenamigambi ry'ubucuruzi.

Yavuze ko mu myaka irenga 100 ishize amagenamigambi nk'aya yatumye Amerika ihinduka igihugu gikize cyane ndetse ko ayo azongera gutuma bigenda gutyo.

Yagize ati: "Mu gihe cy'imyaka, Abanyamerika bakora cyane bahatiwe kwicara ku ruhande barebera mu gihe ibindi bihugu byabaga ibikire ndetse bigakomera, ahanini ari twe tubibagejejeho."

"Hamwe n'iki gikorwa cy'uyu munsi, amaherezo tugiye gushobora kongera kugira Amerika igihangange – cyane kurusha mu kindi gihe cyose cyabayeho."

Biracyari ukwigerezaho gukomeye cyane uyu perezida yishoyemo.

Abahanga mu bukungu b'imihanda yose baburira ko iyi misoro myinshi ku bicuruzwa byinjira muri Amerika – ni ukuvuga 53% ku biva mu Bushinwa, 20% ku muryango w'Ubumwe bw'Uburayi na Koreya y'Epfo, na 10% nk'umusoro fatizo ku bihugu byose – izagira ingaruka ku baguzi bo muri Amerika, yongere ibiciro ndetse iteze inkeke y'ihungabana ry'ubukungu bw'isi.

Ken Rogoff, wahoze ari we munyabukungu mukuru mu kigega cy'isi cy'imari (FMI/IMF), yahanuye ko ibyago byuko Amerika, igihugu cya mbere mu bukungu ku isi, yakwisanga mu ihungabana ry'ubukungu byiyongereye kugera kuri 50% nyuma yuko Trump atangaje iyi misoro mishya ku bicuruzwa byinjira mu gihugu.

Rogoff yabwiye ishami ry'isi rya BBC ati: "Amaze kurasa igisasu cya nikleyeri ku bucuruzi bw'isi." Yongeyeho ko ingaruka z'imisoro yo kuri iki kigero ku bicuruzwa byinjira muri Amerika "rwose zirenze ukwemera".

Iki cyemezo cya Trump gishobora no kongera intambara y'ubucuruzi n'ibindi bihugu, kikanatuma inshuti z'Amerika ziyicikaho, inshuti ubundi Amerika yageragezaga gushimangira umubano wayo na zo.

Urugero, Amerika ibona Ubuyapani na Koreya y'Epfo nk'inkike (ingabo) irinda ko Ubushinwa bugera ku ntego zabwo zo kwaguka. Ariko ibyo bihugu bitatu biherutse gutangaza ko bizakorana mu guhangana n'igenamigambi ry'ubucuruzi ry'Amerika.

Ariko Trump naramuka ageze ku ntego ze muri iyi gahunda, urebye azaba ahaye indi foroma gahunda ngenga bukungu ku isi mbere Amerika yari yafashije mu kubaka, nyuma y'intambara ya kabiri y'isi.

Asezeranya ko ibi bizongera kubaka inganda z'Amerika, bigahanga ahantu hashya habyara inyungu, ndetse bigatuma Amerika irushaho kwigira ndetse ikitandukanya n'ibibazo bivuka mu buhahirane ku isi byazahaje Amerika mu gihe cy'icyorezo cya Covid.

Ni urukiramende rurerure – ndetse benshi bemeza ko mu by'ukuri bigoye cyane kurusimbuka.

Ariko kuri perezida usa nkaho ahanze amaso ku gushimangira umurage we, haba mu kurangiza intambara zitandukanye, kwita amazina mashya ahantu runaka, kubona ubutaka bushya cyangwa gusenya gahunda ('programmes') zo muri leta n'abakozi bazo, iki ni cyo gitego cya mbere gikomeye cyane, cy'ingaruka nyinshi cyane, atsinze.

Yavuze ko uyu uzaba "umunsi wo kwibohora" kw'Amerika.

Ariko ikigaragara neza ni uko ibi yatangaje ku wa gatatu, nabikurikiza, ari nkaho byanze bikunze bizaba impinduka yanditse amateka. Ikibazo cyibazwa ni ukumenya niba uzaba umurage w'ikintu cyiza cyangwa uw'ikintu kibi.

Mu ijambo rye, Trump yumvikanaga nk'ugeze ku ntsinzi – ihishira ikiguzi kiri hejuru (ingaruka zikomeye) ibyemezo bye bishobora guteza ku bukungu bw'Amerika ndetse no ku gihagararo cye bwite muri politike.

Ariko yavuze ko byari bikwiye – nubwo, mu mpera y'ijambo rye, igicucu gito cyo gushidikanya kwa perezida gishobora kuba cyiyongereye cyane mu guhiga ubutwari kwe.

Yagize ati: "Ugiye kuba umunsi aho – ni ko mbyizeye – uzajya usubiza amaso inyuma mu myaka iri imbere ubundi ukavuga ngo, urabizi, yari ari mu kuri."