Namenye uwo tuvukana muri video y'impunzi zafatiwe mu ntambara yo muri Sudan

Mihret Gebru ubu vuba yariko araraba n'umutima uhagaze cane kuri terefone yiwe video yakwiragiye cane yerekana abantu baturuka mw'Ihembe rya Afrika bariko barakubitwa bakubagurwa n'abagabo bafise ibirwanisho muri Sudan - aca acirwa ivutu no kubonamwo umukobwa bavukana muri abo bari bafashwe.

''Buno nyene naciye nshobora kumenya Luwam, yambaye umwitwikiro w'ibara ry'umucungwe (orange) nzi neza - hamwe n'ibirato vyiwe, biboneka igice,'' nk'uko yabwiye BBC.

Abo bakobwa bavukana baturuka muri Eritrea - co kimwe n'abandi Luwam Gebru yari yahunze itegeko ryo mu gihugu ciwe ryo kwinjizwa mu gisirikare kumarayo igihe kitazwi babona ko ribabuza kuronka kazoza.

Amaherezo yasanze ageze muri Ethiopia mu 2019, aho yari yaronse impapuro z'impunzi. Ariko kuba impunzi ni nko kubaho utagira iyo uja n'iyo uva - benshi bagaca bahitamwo kwiheba mu gufata ingendo zibangamye cane baja kurondera aho boronka ubuzima bwiza gusumba.

Mihtret yavuze ko uwo bavukana w'imyaka 24 yari yafashe ingingo itoroshe yo guca mu gihugu ca Sudan kirangwamwo intambara kugira ashike muri Libya mu mwaka uheze, inyuma y'amezi atari make intambara yadutse muri ico gihugu.

Sudan yinjiye mu kaga k'intambara mu kwezi kwa kane mu 2023 igihe abahora basangiye urunani - igisirikare n'ingabo zitwara nk'igisirikare za Rapid Support Forces (RSF) -zatangura kurwana hagati yazo uruhande rumwe rumwe rwose rurondera kugenzura igihugu.

Abanyamahanga benshi baciye bahungishwa igihutihuti - ariko bamwe mu mpunzi bari bamaze gushika mu gihugu hamwe n'abimukira bari bamaze igihe binjiye nka Luwam bisanze bafashwe nk'abikekwa baca bagirwa imbohe zo mu ntambara.

''Twamaze hafi ukwezi kwose ata jwi ryiwe twumvise,'' niko Mihret avuga.

''Yarahamagaye rimwe ari muri Sudan atubwira ati: 'Ntimugire ubwoba narashitse amahoro muri Sudan kandi dushobora gushika muri Libya muri iyi ndwi.'''

Ico gihe uwo murumunawe yavuga nk'uwizeye ko abinjiza abantu mu kinyegero yari yagiriye icizere batazomuta mu rudubi.

Ariko hashize amezi atanu yose atawusubiye kwumva iyambu ryiwe- kugeza izo video ziserutse ku mbuga hwaniro mu kwezi kwa kane.

BBC Verify-igisata ca BBC gitunganya amakuru akoze hifashishijwe ubuhinga bwo gutohoza no gusuzuma amasanamu, casanze ayo ma video yashizwe ku mbuga ku matariki ya 7 na 8 z'ukwezi kwa kane.

Intwazangabo mu gisirikare ca Sudan yo ku rwego rwa jenerari yavuze ko abapfungwa bogereranywa mu 50, bari bapakiye mw'i kamyo, bari "abagwanyi b'abacangero baturuka mu bihugu vya Somalia, Eritrea na Ethiopia".

Baboneka nk'abacakiwe bariko barahunga intambara mu micungararo ya al-Jaily ahari ihinguriro ry'ibitoro, mu buraruko bw'umugwa mukuru Khartoum, ahasanzwe hari mu minwe ya RSF, hagakoreshwa nk'icicaro gikuru co muri ako karere.

Imwe muri izo video, yerekana umusirikare avuga ko abafashwe bariko barungikwa ku kigo ca gisirikare kiri Wadi Seidna, naco nyene kiri mu buraruko bw'umugwa mukuru.

Hari amakuru ataremezwa neza, avuga ko abacangero b'abanyamahanga bakoreshwa muri RSF- ari nayo mpamvu uyu mugwi wankwa cane n'abasirikare.

Amafoto y'uwo mugwi w'abanyamahanga, arimwo menshi yerekana Luwam mu mwitwikiro w'ibara ry'umucungwe, aberekana barundanye mu kibandahori.

Mihret, yarashoboye kumenya n'umwe mu babanyi biwe w'umunya Eritrea muri uwo mugwi, avuga ko ata yandi makuru bashoboye kuronka.

“Nta vyinshi tuzi, batubwira ko bari mu minwe y'abategetsi ba Sudan", uko niko Mihret avuga.

Abandi banya-Eritrea babwiye BBC ko bafise ababo banditswe nk'impunzi muri Sudan bazimanganye, bakaba bafise amakuru ko bari mu bapfunzwe n'igisirikare.

Babiri muri bo bavuye muri Eritrea mu mwaka uheze, bashika mw'ikambi ya HCR muri leta ya Kassala mu buseruko bwa Sudan mu kwezi kw'icumi 2023.

Imiryango ya Yonatan Tesfaslassie, w'imyaka 17, na Edmon Kidane w'imyaka 20, ivuga ko abajabukana abantu imbibe z'ibihugu mu kinyegero babegereye [bababwira ko bashobora kubafasha].

Abo bakora urudandazwa rw'abantu, bamwe muri bo bivugwa ko ari abanywanyi ba RSF, akenshi batota abakiri bato n'abahashitse vuba, bakabizeza kubereka inzira irimwo umutekano yobashikana hanze ya Sudan, babanje kuriha amafaranga.

Bamaze gushika mu nzira, baca babashirako agahato, kugirango babwire imiryango yabo iri hanze kubarungikira amafranga, hanyuma bakabata mu nzira.

Ku biraba ikibazo ca Yonatan na Edmon, bariko berekeza muri Sudan y'ubumanuko, igihe batabwa n'abakora urwo rudandazwa rw'abantu, bikaboneka ko hanyuma bahavuye batandukana.

Bigaragara ko bompi bari bashoboye gushika muri Wad Madani, muri leta ya Gezira, igisagara kiri ku birometero 190 mu bumanuko bwa Khartoum, hari habaye ubuhungiro bwa benshi kuva intambara igitangura.

Ariko mu kwezi kwa 12, ico gisagara caguye mu minwe y'ingabo za RSF, abagera ku 3.000 barahunga ako gace mu kajagari.

Ico nico gihe ca nyuma umuryango wa Yonatan waheruka kumwumva - igihe yavuga ko ajanye n'abandi bimukira berekeza muri Sudan y'Epfo.

Mushikiwe, Winta Tesfaslassie, mu nyuma yaramenye, abibwiwe n'abashoboye kujabuka urubibe ata nkomanzi, ko ashobora kuba ari mu bimukira benshi bafashwe ico gihe mu gisagara ca Rabek mu majepfo gato kiri mu minwe y'igisirikare.

Bavuze ko bamwe muri bo bajanywe mu gisagara vyeregeranye ca Sinjah abandi nabo bigashoboka ko boba bajanywe mu gisagara ca Sennar kugira bapfungwe n'igisirikare.

''Umuryango wose ufise umutima uhagaze cane kandi ntituzi na kimwe turi bukore, umenga ntaco tumaze. Dushaka kumenya niba ameze neza, aracari muto cane wo guca mu makuba nk'ayo kandi nta na hamwe ahuriye n'iyo ntambara ya Sudan,''niko Winta, aba mu Bwongereza, yabwiye BBC.

N'umuryango wa Edmond uheruka amakuru yiwe igihe yari akiri Wad Madani - n'ubwo we biboneka ko yapfungiwe muri ico gisagara amayinga menshi imbere y'uko gifatwa na RFS.

''Twabwiwe n'uwinjiza abantu mu kinyegero ko yafashwe n'igisirikare,'' nk'uko mushikiwe Adiam Kidane, aba muri Angola, yabwiye BBC.

Uwo yinjiza abantu mu kinyegero niwe wenyene bakurako inkuru ''ariko mu nyuma ntiyari acitaba terefone zacu'', uko ni ko Adiam Kidane yavuze.

''Twaramaze igihe kinini ata na kimwe turabwira Mama ariko amaherezo twategerezwa kumubwira. Yaciye araba aho yumviye ko ata makuru yiwe dufise. Twese turi mu gahinda. Tuguma twibaza igishobora kuba caramushikiye.''

Amakuru amwe amwe avuga ko abimukira barenga 200 baturuka mu bihugu bitandukanye bapfungiwe mw'ikambi ya gisirikare i Wad Madani imbere y'uko RSF ihashika - amakuru BBC idashobora guhinyuza mu buryo bwigenga.

Kuva ico gihe abo bari bapfunzwe bajanwe ahandi hamwe n'igisirikare igihe cava mu gisagara ca Wad Madani.

Ishami rya ONU riraba impunzi HCR rivuga ko naryo nyene ryaronse amakuru nk'ayo y'uko hari abimukira n'impunzi bapfunzwe n'igisirikare. Ku bwa ONU, hari abanya-Eritrea barenga 147.000 n'abanya-Ethiopia hafi 70.000 muri Sudan.

Yabwiye BBC ko iriko irategura ubutumwa bwo kuja guhinyuza mu ntara ya Sennar, irimwo ibisagara vya Sinjah na Rabek, igasaba incuti z'impunzi zobaza ko zipfunzwe gutanga inkuru zibicishije ku rubuga rwa HCR Sudan.

Na CICR, Comité International de la Croix Rouge, yasavye abantu bafise uwabo yazimiriye muri Sudan kubimenyesha baciye kuri terefone yayo canke ku biro vyayo muri ico gihugu.

''Gufasha abantu babuze amakuru y'ababo kugira bagerageze kumenya iyo bari ni kimwe mu vyo dushira imbere. Ariko kugira tubishobore biva aho dushobora gushika muri ivyo bihe bigoye vy'umutekano,'' niko CICR yabwiye BBC.

Ubuserukizi bwa Sudan i Londres ntaco bwashimye kuyibwira igihe yabusaba kugira ico buvuze kuri iryo pfungwa ry'abanyamahanga.

N'ubwo hari utwigoro tw'amakungu kugira hahagarikwe iyo ntambara vyibazwa ko imaze kugwamwo abantu barenga 15.000, gushika ubu impande zose zarananiwe no kwumvikana guhagarika intambara.

Abo bakobwa batatu bavuganye na BBC kw'ibura ry'abo bavukana bavuga ko inzira yo kuronka inkuru kuri CICR, ONU canke igisirikare ibabaje mu buryo burengeje.

''Turatakamvye mudufashe, ONU, uwo ari we wese...turihebuye,'' niko Winta avuga.

''Turasavye abategetsi ba Sudan, turabasavye, turabasavye mubemerere kuduhamagara kugira twumve amajwi yabo.

''Turatakambiye igisirikare kubarekura, abo ni abantu bakiri bato ataco bazira bavuye mu gihugu cabo bizigiye gushika amahoro iyo baja muri Sudan y'Epfo.''