Urazi ibimenyetso vya Down’s syndrome / Trisomie 21?

Umunsi mpuzamakungu wahariwe gukangurira isi kumenya ubumuga bwa Down's syndrome (DS) ni kuwa 21 z'ukwa Ntwarante (3).

Uyo munsi uhimbazwa ku mugaragaro n'ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU kuva mu 2012.

Uhurirana n'umunsi ugira 21 w'ukwezi kwa gatatu kw'umwaka,"bifatiye kuri chromosome igira 21, ari nayo iteza ubumuga bwa Down's syndrome (trisomie 21)", nk'uko abawutunganya babisobanura.

Icivugo c'uyu mwaka, kigira giti: "Duteze imbere uburyo bwo kubashigikira" Iki civugo kiri mu ntumbero yo gukomeza canke guha ireme uburyo bwo gufata mu mugongo abantu bagendana n'ubumuga bwa Down's syndrome kugirango bashobore kwitabwaho, kwiga, n'utundi turusho bakwiye.

DS ni iki?

Down's syndrome ni igihe umuntu avukanye chromosome irenga ku gitigiri gisanzwe. Ubu bumuga mvukanwa mu bisanzwe butuma umuntu agira ibibazo vyo kwiga kandi ntabe ateye nk'abandi mu buryo bw'umubiri (cane cane mu maso).

Si ingwara, ubwandu canke ikibazo gishobora kwandukira.

Down's syndrome irizana bisanzwe, nta mpamvu zizwi ziyitera.

Abana bavukana Down's syndrome mu bisanzwe baba bafise chromosome irenzeko ku gitigiri umuntu asanganywe, kubera amahinduka aba yabaye mu mbuto (intanga) z'umwe mu bavyeyi b'umwana azovuka.

Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu rimenyesha ko iba mu mihingo yose y'isi, kandi igira ingaruka kw'iterambere ry'ubumenyi bw'umwana, uko asa ndetse n'amagara yiwe.

Hafi umwe ku bana 800 avukana Down's syndrome, nk'uko abatunganya umunsi wahariwe Down syndrome babivuga.

Down iri ubwoko butatu: trisomy 21 (ari nayo irwiriye henshi, aho haba hari ikopi (copies) zitatu za chromosome 21), hamwe na translocation ndetse na mosaicism.

Ubwo bumuga bwitiriwe Dr John Langdon Down yabaye uwa mbere kubumenya.

Ibimenyetso 5 vya Down's syndrome ni ibihe?

Ibimenyetso vyo ku mubiri:

Mu maso haba hafyatagaye (flat/ plat), cane cane ku mwiriri w'amazuru.

Iyo bakanura bugurura canke bateranya ingohe, amaso yabo ntaba ateye nk'ayo abandi.

Bagira izosi rigufi

Bagira umurongo umwe gusa muri irya iboneka mu kiganza (palmar crease)

Baba bagufi haba mu bwana bwabo canke bakuze

(inkomoko: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Down syndrome yoba ivurwa?

Down Syndrome ishobora kuvugwa.

Ubufashja bushobora gutangwa bivanye n'uko umwe wese ateye, uko ubwenge bwiwe bumeze n'ivyo akeneye, ivyo ashoboye n'ivyo adashobora.

Ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu ONU rivuga ko kuronka ubufasha bwo kwa muganga, gutangura kuvugwa hakiri kare, hamwe no gushobora kujanwa mw'ishure, ndetse no gukora ubushakashatsi buhagije kuri ico kibazo, biri mu bikwiye kwitabwahwo cane kugirango abafise ico kibazo ca DS babone gutera imbere.

Mu kubaronsa ivyo bakeneye, ONU ivuga ko ubuzima bw'abagendana ubumuga bwa DS bushobora gutezurirwa.

Muri ivyo harimwo gusuzumwa n'abaganga babinonosoye mu nzira yo kuraba ingene ubwenge bwabo butera imbere, ndetse no ku muburi, hanyuma bagahabwa ubufasha mu kubavura, kubafasha mu kuvuga, no mu kwiga.

ONU ivuga ko ibi biheza bigafasha kubaho no kugira ico bafasha mu kibano.

Bamwe barashobora kugira ubuzima bwiza, baraja kw'ishure, barubaka izabo ndetse bakibeshaho.

Hari abashoboye kuronka ubuzi bwiza, nka Mar Galcerán wo muri Espagne, yatowe kuba mu nama nshingamateka y'akarere ka Valencia mu buseruko bw igihugu.

Ashobora kuba ariwe muntu wa mbere afise ico kibazo agiye mu nama nshingamateka ku rwego rw'akarere n'urwo igihugu ku mugabane wa Bulaya.

Ellie Goldstein, yashoboye kwandika amateka nk'umuntu wambere afise ikibazo ca DS amurika imideri, yagiye ku rupapuro rwa mbere kw'ikinyamakuru Vogue, mu gihe abaganga bari baravuze ko atazoshobora kugenda canke kuvuga kubera Down Syndrome.

Hari na Heidi Crowter, Umwongereza aharanira agateka k'abagendana ubumuga asanzwe nawe afise ubumuga bwa DS, yakomeje guharanira ko amategeko yemerera abafise imbanyi z'abana bafise ico kibazo ca DS bemerewe kuzikorora gushika no mu gihe zoba ari imvuka.

Iki kibazo yagishize muri sentare y'Ubumwe bwa Bulaya ijejwe kwubahiriza agateka ka zina muntu.

Avuga ko iryo tegeko ririmwo ikumira.