Iyuwani rya China ryaguye ku rugero rwo hasi cyane imbere y’idorari rya US

Ifaranga (currency) ry’Ubushinwa rizwi nka Yuan ryaguye ku rugero rwo hasi rutabayeho mbere ugereranyije n’Idorari rya Amerika. 

Iyuwani (Yuan) rijya ku isoko mpuzamahanga ubu ryaguye ku gipimo cyo hasi cyane kuva amakuru y’ibi bipimo yatangira kuboneka mu 2011. 

Ifaranga rikoreshwa imbere mu Bushinwa naryo ryaguye ku rugero rwo hasi cyane kuva ku kaga mu by’imari ku isi kabaye mu 2008.

Idorari ryo rikomeje kongera agaciro karyo ugereranyije n’andi mafaranga akomeye, nyuma y’uko Banki nkuru ya Amerika nanone yongereye inyungu ku nguzanyo mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi. 

Hagati aho, kuwa gatatu amasoko y’imigabane akomeye muri Aziya yaraguye. 

Isoko ry’imigabane rya Hang Seng rya Hong Kong na Kospi rya Korea y’Epfo yamanutseho hejuru ya 2% mu gihe Nikkei ry’Ubuyapani ryaguyeho hafi 1.5%. 

Banki nkuru y’Ubushinwa - People's Bank of China (PBOC) - imaze igihe igerageza guhendesha iyuwani kugira ngo igabanye umuvuduko ririmo kugwaho, kandi inagabanya ingano y’amafaranga y’amahanga banki zaho zigomba kugira.

Abashoramari benshi babona idorari nk’ahantu hizewe ho gushyira amafaranga yabo mu bihe by’ibibazo.

Ibyo byafasha iri faranga kuzamura agaciro karyo imbere y’ayandi, arimo Ipawundi ry’Ubwongereza – naryo kuwa mbere ryaguye hasi kurusha ibindi bihe byose imbere y’idorari. 

Kuwa gatatu kandi, idorari ryagejeje imyaka 20 riri hejuru y’andi mafaranga akurikiranwa cyane kandi akomeye ku isi.

Kugwa kw’iyuwani ni urundi rugero rw’ifaranga rikomeye ricitse intege kubera kuzamuka kw’idorari. 

Bivuze kandi inzira zihabanye Ubushinwa na Amerika birimo mu guhangana n’ibibazo by’ubukungu iwabyo.

PBOC imaze igihe igabanya inyungu ku nguzanyo mu kuzahura iterambere ry’ubukungu bwazahajwe na za ‘guma mu rugo’ za Covid, mu gihe banki nkuru ya Amerika yo iri kwihuta mu kindi cyerekezo irwana no kuzamuka kw’ibiciro. 

Uku gutandukana kw’imigambi ntabwo kose ari ikibazo, nk’uko Joseph Capurso, inzobere mu bukungu mpuzamahanga muri Commonwealth Bank of Australia, yabibwiye BBC. 

Kugwa kw’agaciro k’iyuwani bishobora ahubwo gufasha abohereza ibintu mu mahanga bo mu Bushinwa, nk’uko abivuga, kuko byatuma ibicuruzwa byabo bihenduka bityo bikazamura umubare w’ababikeneye. 

Bivuze ko ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ubu bigize 20% by’ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa muri iyi minsi bityo iyuwani ridakomeye ntabwo rizaba ikibazo ku bukungu bw’imbere mu Bushinwa kubera ubukungu buva ku byoherezwa mu mahanga bushobora kuzamuka, nk’uko Capurso abivuga.

Ifaranga ricitse ingege rishobora kandi gutuma abashoramari bavana amafaranga yabo mu gihugu bikanatera urujijo ku masoko y’imari – ikintu abategetsi b’Ubushinwa bakwifuza mu gihe bitegura inama nkuru y’ishyaka riri ku butegetsi mu kwezi gutaha, ubwo Perezida Xi Jinping ashobora gutorerwa manda ya gatatu itavugwaho rumwe. 

Kugwa kw’iyuwani byateye intege nke andi mafaranga mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere mu karere k’Ubushinwa, nk’amadorari ya Australia na Singapore, hamwe n’iwoni (Won) rya Korea y’Epfo. 

Mu cyumweru gishize, bwa mbere kuva mu 1998 byabaye ngombwa ko Banki y’Ubuyapani itabara mu gufasha iyeni (Yen) ryabo, mu gihe ryarimo rigwa ugereranyije n’idorari. 

Amasoko ya Aziya nayo arabigiriramo ingaruka – kuko agurisha ibicuruzwa by’ibanze n’ibindi nkenerwa ku nganda zo mu Bushinwa bityo akaba acungira cyane kw’iyuwani. 

Mu gihe cyashize, Washington yashinje Ubushinwa kugusha ku bushake iyuwani (Yuan) ryabwo kugira ngo ibyo bwohereza hanze bikomeze guhenduka naho ibyinjira biva muri Amerika bihende.

Mu gihe idorari rikomeye ryiganje ku masoko y’isi, ntabwo bizapfa guhindura gahunda ya banki nkuru ya Amerika yo gukomeza kuzamura inyungu ku idorari. 

Dimitri Zabelin wo muri Kaminuza ya London School of Economics ati: “Idorari rikomeye ririmo gukora ku isoko rya Amerika.

“Ni ikintu gikomeye ariko ntabwo gihambaye nk’impungenge z’imbere muri icyo gihugu ku izamuka ry’ibiciro.”