Icifuuzo c'igi-Swahili co kuba ururimi rwa Africa yose

Ku bantu barenga miriyoni 200 baruvuga, ururimi rw'igi-Swahili, rwamuka muri Afrika y'ubuseruko, ni rumwe mu ndimi 10 zivugwa henshi kw'isi kandi, nk'uko Priya Sippy avyandika, hongeye kuvyuka umwete w'uko ruba ururimi rw'umugabane wose wa Afrika.

''Harageze ko tuva ku rurimi rw'abakoroni".

Ibi ntivyavuzwe n'uwifuza guhuriza hamwe ibihugu vya Afrika (panafrican idealist), ahubwo vyavuzwe n'umunyeshure wo muri Ghana yiga igi-Swahili Annabel Naa Odarley Lankai.

Ariko amajambo yiwe yibutsa abantu babona imbere ku mugabane wa Afrika bamaze imyaka n'iyindi babivuze.

Uwo munyeshure w'imyaka 23 ati Afrika ''ikwiye kuronka ikintu kivuye iwacu kandi kikaba icacu."

Aho camuka, igi-Swsahili n'amashami yaco kiva muri Somalia kigashika muri Mozambique hanyuma kigakora ku buseruko bwa Repuburika ya Demokrasi ya Congo.

Ariko aho Madame Lankai yiga kuri kaminuza ya Ghana ku birometero 4.500 mu burengero uvuye aho igi-Swahiri cakomotse -ku nkengera za Kenya na Tanzania..

Ico kirere cose gishobora kuba igipimo c'ingene urwo rurimi rwakwiragiye n'ingene ruguma rwijukirwa.

Nayo amajambo y'igi-Swahili, amenyekana biciye ku ndirimbo z'abariririmvyi rurangiranwa nka Diamond Platnumz, ubu arumvikana cane muri Ghana, nk'uko Lankai abivuga.

N'ubwo urwo rurimi rumaze kugira ikibanza gikomeye, avuga ko abagenzi n'umuryango wiwe batavyumva igihe yavuga ko yiga igi-Swahili.

Ariko uretse indoto afise, Lankai anizigiye ko ubumenyi bw'urwo rurimi buzotuma aronka akazi niyamara guheza amashure.

Inyuma y'aho ishami rya ONU riraba ubumenyi n'akaranga UNESCO ritangarije ko kuva ubu itariki indwi z'ukwezi kw'indwi uzoba ari umunsi mpuzamakungu uhariwe urwo rurimi, ivyo uwo mugore avuga bishobora kuba bifise ifatiro.

Igi-Swahili, kigizwe na 40% y'amajambo yamuka mu carabu, catanguye gukwiragizwa n'acuruzi b'abarabu ku nkengera za Afrika y'ubuseruko.

Mu nyuma caciye gishingwa n'abakoroni b'Ubudagi n'Ubwongereza muri ako karere mu mpera z'ikinjana ca 19 no mu ntango z'ica 20 nk'ururimi rwo gukoresha mu ntwaro no mu mashure.

N'ubwo rwakoreshejwe rimwe na rimwe mu kibanza c' icongereza, igifaransa canke igi-portugais nk'ururimi rw'abantu bahuzwa n'inyungu zitandukanye, canke nk'ururini rwumvwa na benshi kandi henshi, ubu hari umwetwe mushasha.

Gushimangira akaranga k'ubunya-Afrika

Mu nama baherukamwo, abakuru b'ibihugu vy'ishirahamwe rya Afrika bemeje igi-Swahili nk'ururimi rwo gukoresha muri iryo shirahamwe.

N'ururini kandi rw'ishirahamwe ry'ibihugu vya Afrika y'Ubuseruko (EAC) igihugu ca RD Congo cimirije kwinjiramwo.

Mu 2019 igi-Swahili cabaye ururimi rwonyene rwo muri Afrika rwemewe n'ishirahamwe ry'iterambere ry'ibihugu vyo muri Afrika y'ubumanuko SADC. Mu nyuma urwo rurimi rwaciye rutangura kwigishwa mu mashure muri Afrika y'Epfo na Botswana.

Ubu bwa vuba, kaminuza ya Addis Ababa muri Ethiopia yamenyesheje ko igiye gutangura kwigisha igi-Swahili.

Abahinga b'indimi babona ko igi-Swahili kizobandanya gushika ahandi henshi.

Tom Jelpke, umushakashatsi wo kw'ishure rya Oriental and African Studies i Londres, avuga ko uko abantu babandanya kugira ibibahuza muri Afrika ariko bazoshaka ururimi bumvikanamwo.

Avuga ko kuba rufitaniye isano n'izindi ndimi muri Africa y'ubuseruko n'iyo hagati bizoshimangira ikibanza carwo muri ako karere.

Ariko uretse muri izo ntara, hashobora kuba hari n'agatima k'icifuzo cagutse.

Ally Khalfan, umwigisha kuri kaminuza ya Zanzibar avuga ati: "Igi-Swahili… kiri kumwe n'akantu k'uko ari icacu," aho akaba ahahuriza na Lankai.

"Ni icacu n'akaranga kacu nk'abanya-Afrika."

Iciyumviro c'uko igi-Swahili kiba ururimi rukoreshwa muri Afrika yose catanguye gushikirizwa mu myaka ya 1960 na prezida wa mbere wa Tanzania Julius Nyerere yagikoresheje mu kwubaka ubumwe mu gihugu ciwe inyuma y'intahe yo kwikukira.

Ariko n'Ubwo habaye uko kubona imbere inyuma yo kwikukira hamwe n'ikibanza igi-Swahili giherutse kuronka, hari n'ukuraba n'ukuri kw'ingene ibintu bimeze.

Indimi z'inyaburaya ziraciganje ku mugabane - kandi bizosaba inguvu nyinshi kugira ivyo bihinduke.

Gushika ubu, icongereza nirwo rurimi rukoreshwa mu nzego z'igihugu canke ruza ubwa kabiri mu bihugu 27 kuri 54 bigize Afrika, igifaransa kikaba ururimi rukoreshwa n'inzego z'igihugu mu bihugu 21.

Chege Githiora, umwigisha w'indimi muri Kenya avuga ko gushika ubu "icongereza ari ururimi rw'ububasha" ashingiye kuri poritike no ku butunzi.

We ashira imbere kuvuga indimi nysinshi aho abantu bakurakuranya indimi zirenga rumwe kandi zivugwa mu bihugu vyinshi.

Kandi mu gihe igi-Swahili kiguma gihurumbirwa muri Afrika y'ubuseruko , yo hagati n'iyo mu bumanuko, gifise ihiganwa rikomeye mu burengero no mu buraruko.

Icarabu kiriganje mu buraruko, ariko mu bihugu vyo mu burengero naho hari indimi nk'igi-Hausa, iki-Igbo n'iki-Yoruba zishobora gufata ikibanza c'izokoreshwa mu bihugu vyinshi.

Kugirango igi-Swahili koko kibe ururimi rukoreshwa muri Afrika yose, bizosaba ugushaka kwa poritike, imvo y'ubutunzi hamwe n'uburyo bwo kugikwirakwiza mu bice vyose.

"Igihe igi-Swahili cigishwa ubwa mbere muri Ghana mu 1964 carashigikiwe cane na kamimnuza ya Dar es Salaam, ariko ivyo ntivyabandanije," nk'uko bivugwa na Dr Josephine Dzahene-Quarshie, umwigisha w'igi-Swahili kuri kaminuza ya Ghana.

"Hamwe Afrika y'Ubuseruko yorushiriza mu guteza imbere kwiga igi-Swahili mu bindi bice vya Afrika, hoba intambwe, ariko simbona ko ruzohava ruba ururimi rwa Afrika yose."

Ariko abanyeshure biwe muri Accra, nka madame Lankai, bazoguma barota kandi barwiga kuko rufise umuhamagaro w'icifuzo no kworosha mw'ikoreshwa.