Albert Einstein: Inyandiko ye ku ihame rya 'relativity' yaciye umuhigo igurwa miliyoni 11 z'ama-Euro

Inyandiko yandikishijwe umukono w'intoki (manuscript) y'umuhanga mu bugenge (physique) Albert Einstein y'igihe yageragezaga kugera ku ihame rye rizwi nka 'theory of relativity' (théorie de la relativité) yagurishijwe muri cyamunara kuri miliyoni 11 z'ama-Euro (angana na miliyari 12 mu mafaranga y'u Rwanda).

Iryo gurishwa - ryakozwe n'inzu Christie ikoresha za cyamunara ryabereye i Paris mu murwa mukuru w'Ubufaransa - ryaciye umuhigo wari ufitwe n'inyandiko ya siyansi iriho umukono (sinyatire) we.

Ni imwe mu nyandiko ebyiri gusa zigaragaza ibyo uyu muhanga mu bugenge - wavukiye mu Budage - yakoraga byagejeje ku buvumbuzi bwe muri siyansi. Yapfuye mu 1955.

Iryo hame rye, ryatangajwe mu 1915, ryahinduye imyumvire ya muntu ku bijyanye n'isanzure (ikirere), igihe, n'imbaraga za rukuruzi (gravity).

Iyo nyandiko ikubiyemo imibare yakoraga, yanditswe hagati yo mu mwaka wa 1913 na 1914 na Einstein hamwe na mugenzi we w'Umusuwisi Michele Besso, wakomeje kubika iyo nyandiko.

Inzu ya cyamunara Christie yashimye Besso - wapfuye mu 1955, ukwezi kumwe mbere ya mugenzi we - ku gutekereza kureba ejo hazaza kwatumye abika iyo nyandiko.

Vincent Belloy, impuguke yo muri iyo nzu ya cyamunara, yagize ati: "Einstein ni umuntu wabikaga inyandiko nkeya cyane, rero kuba gusa iyi nyandiko yandikishije umukono w'intoki yararokotse ikatugeraho ibyo byonyine bituma iba idasanzwe".

Iyo nyandiko iriho imibare yandikishijwe ikaramu y'umukara kandi, nkuko Bwana Belloy abivuga, iyo mibare igaragaza amakosa amwe n'amwe yakoze mu rugendo ruganisha ku kugera ku ihame rye.

Inzu Christie yavuze ko iyo cyamunara "yitabiriwe n'abaguzi bavuye ku isi hose babonye akamaro k'iyo nyandiko".

Ariko uwaguze iyo nyandiko y'amapaji 54 ntiyahishuwe.

Ihame rya 'relativity' rya Einstein ryatanze umucyo ku ivuka ry'isanzure, inzira imibumbe inyuramo, n'ibinogo by'umwijima (black holes).

Mu kwezi kwa gatanu mu 2020, ibaruwa yanditswe na Einstein irimo 'équation' ye yamamaye cyane yo muri iryo hame ya E=mc², yagurishijwe muri cyamunara ku yarenga miliyoni 1.2 y'amadolari y'Amerika.

Reba videwo: 'Relativity' rusange ni iki? Ibisobanuro (mu Cyongereza) bya Profeseri Toby Wiseman wigisha kuri Kaminuza ya Imperial College London mu Bwongereza: