Ushobora kuzofata taxi iguruka mu myaka itatu

Ku bantu batari bake b'aho hambere, iciyumviro c'ama taxi aguruka, yo kwunguruza abantu mu bisagara, cibutsa dessin animé (animated TV series) yigeze gukundwa cane yitwa The Jetsons.

Iyo sinema y'ibicapo yo mu myaka ya 1960 kerekana umuryango uba mu gisagara kinini co muri kazoza aho abantu bafata uburyo bwo kwiyuguruza baja ku kazi n'imodoka zagendera mu kirere.

Imyaka 20 mu kinjana ca 21, izo ndoto z'abari batunganije The Jetsons ziri hafi guhinduka ukuri.

Mu gihe kompanyi nka Uber na Boeing biriko biratunganya taxi ziguruka zizwi nka eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing; bisigura ko mu kuguruka canke mu kwururuka zitazokwarara ahubwo zizoja hejuru canke zikamanuka ku murongo ushinze), kimwe mu vyegeranyo kigereranya ko gushika mu 2040 hazoba hari bene izo ngendeshwa 430.000 zikora irya n'ino kw'isi.

Aho ni mu gihe indege zitagira abadereva (drones) zikoreshwa mu gushikana ibintu aho bigenewe zikomeje gukorwa no kugeragezwa , isoko ryazo kw'isi hakaba hari icegeranyo kigereranya ko rizoba ringana na miriyaridi 5,6 z'ama dorari gushika mu 2028.

Kugirango ababikeneye babironke muri kazoza, aho drone na taxi ziguruka zizoba zisangiye ikirere hejuru y'ibisagara bizoba vyafatanye ari vyinshi, abariko barategura ubwo buhinga bavuga ko ivyo bisagara bizokenera kwubaka ibibuga vy'indege bito bito vyinshi (skyports).

Ivyo bibuga bizokenerwa kugira abantu bururukire mu turere tw'aho bakeneye kuja.

Ikigo gishingiye muri California, Joby Aviation, kiri imbere mu biriko biratunganya ama taxi aguruka, ubu kikaba kimaze kugerageza ingendo zo mu kirere zirenga 1.000 z'ingendeshwa yaco ya eVTOL.

Ubu cizigiye kuzoronka uruhusha rw'urwego rwa Amerika rujejwe kugenzura ivy'indege, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), kugira gitangure guca amafaranga n'izo taxi ziguruka mu 2024.

Ingendeshwa ya Joby irimwo umudereva ishobora gutwara abantu bane , ikagenda gushika ku muvuduko w'ibirometero 322 kw'isaha hanyuma igashobora kugenda ikirere kingana n'ibirometero 241.

Oliver Walker-Jones, umuvugizi wa Joby, avuga ati: "Dutegekanya gushiraho uburyo bwo kwiyinguruza

muri taxi ica mu kirere kuva mu bibanza vyegereye aho abantu baba, bakora n'iyo bashaka kuja."

"Turiko turakorana cane n'ibisagara kugirango ubwo buryo bwacu buzobe bukorana n'ibibanza bihasanzwe vy'aho indege n'itereni zigenda zirahagarara mu kwururutsa canke kwuriza abantu".

Joby iza yamaze gutangura gukorana na Reef Technology, kompanyi ya Amerika itunganya ibibanza vy'aho abantu basiga imodoka mu ntumbero y'uko isukaro rya bimwe bimwe muri ivyo bibanza barihinduramwo ibibuga bito bito vy'izo taxi ziguruka (skyports). Kandi imaze no gushika ku masezerano asa nayo na Related Companies, kompanyi ya mbere nini ikotesha amazu n'ibibanza bitandukanye.

Walker-Jones yongerako ati: "Dukoranye n'ivyo bigo, dufise intumbero yo kwubaka skyports muri ivyo bibanza twoherako mu gutanguza iryo soko ryofasha kugabanya amafaranga atangwa mu kwiyunguruza ku mayira asanzwe akoreshwa n'abatu benshi akanabamwo urutavanako rwinshi".

Mu gihe gufatanya gukora kw'ivyo bibuga (skyports) atowoshoka akwibaza muri iki gihe, ico ciyumviro kiramaze kwakirwa neza n'ubutegetsi bw'ibisagara bitari bike vyo muri Amerika.

Ibisagara vya Houston, Los Angeles na Orlando biramaze gutangaza imigambi yo gushiraho ibikorwa remezo bikenewe kugira ayo ma taxi aguruka n'ibindi bisa n'ivyo bikore.

Umukuru w'igisagara ca Los Angeles Eric Garcetti avuga ko ibitegekanywa gukorwa ku gisagara ciwe bitanga urugero ibindi bisagara bizofatirako mu kwakira ubwo buhinga mbere bikanabushikana ku ntambwe isumba iyo.

Mu Bwomgereza, umugambi wo kwubaka skyport ya mbere y'ico gihugu mu gisagara ca Coventry hafi y'ikibuga c'umupira wa rugby n'amaguru birashigikiwe na reta y'Ubwongereza.

Ico kibuga gishaka ko coba ica mbere mw'isi gicako taxi ziguruka na drone zitwara ibintu, kiriko kiratunganywa na kompanyi yo mu Bwongereza ishigikiwe na Hyundai yitwa Urban Air Port (iryo zina yararyandikishije nk'izina ryayo ry'urudandazwa, trademark).

"Ingendeshwa nshasha ziguruka zishobora kuva hasi ziduga mu kirere zitarara hanyuma zikururuka ata kwihenda na gato. Hazotegerezwa kwubakwa inyubako nshasha zizokenerwa zo gufasha izo ngendeshwa."

Sadhu avuga kandi ko ikibanza c'intango muri Coventry - citezwe kwugururwa mu ntango za 2022 - kizokora nk'ikibanza co kwerekaniramwo ingene ahari ibikoresho hazokora".

Abariko baratunganya uwo mugambi bibaza ko iyo nteguro izokwerekana ingene ugukorera hamwe kwa bene ivyo bibanza kuzoshoboka bidatevye mu bisagara vy'ubunini butandukanye.

Sadhu avuga ati: "Ihangiro ryacu n'ukwerekana ko umwanya bizofata ushobora kuba muto ushoboka, ku buryo hakoreshejwe ikibanza gito cane hashobora kuvamwo inyubako ishobora kwakira bene izo taxi nyinshi."

Ariko abahinga berekana ko hari intambanyi nyinshi mu nzira y'uwo mugambi w'ama taxi aguruka n'ibibuga vyayo kugira utangure gukora.

Umunyamategeko akorera Wasingiton-DC akurikirana amategeko ajanye n'ama drone n'ama taxi aguruka avuga ati: "Kumenya ko tuzoshika canke igihe tuzoshika aho tubona ivyari muri Jetsons bibaye ukuri bizovana n'ingene ico gisata kizoshobora gukura mu nzira imitegeko itari mike"

"Ahi harimwo ko abanyagihugu bavyemera, guhingura bene izo ngendeshwa ku bwinshi, gushira amafaranga mu buhinga bwa none, amasoko ntanga-nguvu n'inyubako bijanye, hamwe no gutunganya uburyo bwo gutegekanya no gukurikirana ingene ingendo zo mu kirera zikorwa."

Michael Taylor, akora ivy'ingendo n'ubuhinga mu kigo c'ubushashatsi ca JD Power, avuga ko intambanyi zikomeye zizoba zihagaze kw'igenzura n'ubuhinga bwo gutunganya ingendo zo mu kirere.

Avuga ati: "Ibaze kugenzura amayira yo mu kirere, hanyuma ugwize n'umuriyoni."

"Nibaza ko hazobanza gushirwaho amayira y'ifatiro y'ama drone canke taxi zo mu kirere. Amategeko azoshirwaho, amakorosi atunganywe, habe ivyo kwisunga bizwi kandi bikurikizwa hose kugira amasanganya abe make ashoboka."

Ku bijanye n'ikibazo c'igenzura, ingorane ya mbere ikomeye n'uko ama taxi aguruka ategerezwa kubanza guhabwa uruhsusha rwo kuguruka mu buryo bwo guca amafaranga n'inzego zibijejwe , nka Federal Aviation Admnitration (FAA) muri Amerika, canke Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) mu Bwongereza.

Izo nzego zompi, zibandanya kwiga ico kibazo - kuba izo ngendeshwa zifise umutekano, ingene uruhusha rwokwandikwa hanyuma rugakurikiranwa. Muri CAA, ico gikorwa kiriko kirakorwa n'umugwi wihariye.

Aaron Belbasis, umuhinga mu buhinga bwa none bukiriko buratera imbere muri kompanyi Aurecon, avuga ko ibibazo vy'amagara n'umutekano bihambaye cane.

Avuga ko uko ingendeshwa zizoba nyinshi mu kirere ariko bishoboka ko hazoshika amasanganya menshi, akongerako ati bishitse taxi iguruka ikagwa mu nzira itagenewe ivyo ''bisigura ko yokoroka nk'ibuye, ikageramira abayirimwo bose, n'uwundi wese canke ikintu cose coba kiri mu micungararo y'aho iyo ngendeshwa ikorokeye."

Ricky Sadhu we avuga ko ikimuraje ishinga ari ugushira imitahe mu bibuga vy'izo ngendeshwa zo mu kirere n'izindi nyubako zikenewe.

Avuga ati: "Jewe ivyo kugenzura ntibinteye impungenge cane. Uko ndabibona ibintu biriko biranyaruka."

N'ubwo hari izo ntambamyi, Sadhu avuga ko haja hari ibisagara vyinshi muri Amerika, Buraya na Asia vyamaze gusaba no kwerekana ko vyifuza ivyo bibuga vy'ingendeshwa zo mu kirere.

Sadhu avuga ati: "Dufise ihangiro ryo kuba twahejeje kwubaka ibibuga 'Urban Air Ports " 200 mu myaka 5 iri imbere.

"Ariko twibaza ko ivyo ari bike, kuko ibisagara binini binini bizoikenera vyinshi gusumba."