Afghanistan: Russia yiteguriye 'ibihe bishasha' ku butegetsi bushasha bw'aba Taliban

Mu gihe Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'ibihugu vya Bulaya biri mu rugamba rwo guhungisha abanya Afghanistan n'incuti zavyo bibavana i Kabul, Ubusuriya bwobwo buri mu bihugu bike bisa n'ibidatewe ubwoba n'ifatwa ry'ubutegetsi n'aba Taliban.

Abajejwe imigenderanire mu Burusiya bafata aba bantu bashasha bagenzura Kabul nk'"abantu basanzwe" bakavuga ko umugwa mukuru ubu urangwamwo umutekano gusumba uko wari umeze imbere y'aho.

Ku wa gatanu w'indwi iheze, Perezida Vladimir Putin yavuze ko ubutegetsi bw'aba Taliban ari ukuri bategerezwa kwemera.

Ni ibintu bishitse haciye imyaka myinshi habaye ya ntambara y'imyaka icenda iteye ubwoba muri Afghanistan ikiri mu mitwe y'Abarusiya benshi, mu ntumbero yo gushigikira reta ya gikomunista ya Kabul mu myaka ya 1980.

Ijambo ry'ihumure ry'aba Taliban

Uburusiya buvuga ko ibiro vy'ubuserukizi bwavyo ku mugwa mukuru Kabul bibandanya vyuguruye, mu gihe ibindi bihugu vyovyo atari uko, bukavuga ko abategetsi bashasha bashikirije ijambo ry'ihumure.

Umuserukizi w'Uburusiya Dmitry Zhirnov yarabonanye n'umutegetsi w'aba Taliban mu masaha 48 ya mbere bafashe ubutegetsi, akaba yavuze ko ata kintu na kimwe cerekana ukwihorahorana canke imidugararo.

Uwuserukira Uburusiya muri ONU, Vassily Nebenzia, yaravuze kuri kazoza keza karangwamwo ugusubiza hamwe, mu gihe umutekano uriko uragaruka mu mabarabara, kandi ko n'intambara yari imaze imyaka myishi yiha inkumbi yarangiye.

Intumwa idasanzwe ya Perezida Putin muri Afghanistan, Zamir Kabulov, yanavuze ko vyoroshe kuganira n'aba Taliban gusumba "reta y'icitso" yari irongowe na Perezida Ashraf Ghani aherutse guhunga.

Vyongeye, abajejwe imigenderanire b'Uburusiya bavuga ko igihe Ghani ahunga mu ndwi iheze yagiye ahunganye amamodoka ane hamwe na kajugujugu yuzuye inoti, ivyo avuga ko ari ibinyoma.

Ku bijanye n'ugukomeza imigenderanire

Uburusiya ntiburiko burihutira kwemera ubutegetsi bw'aba Taliban muri Afghanistan, ariko hari ikintu co kworosha imvugo.

Itororokanirizo ry'amakuru Tass ryegamiye reta muri ino ndwi, ryarahinduye ijambo "iterabwoba" ryahora rikoresha, ubu rikaba rikoresha "intagondwa".

Moscou yari imaze igihe iganira n'aba Taliban.

N'aho aba Taliban bari ku rutonde rw'Uburusiya rw'imirwi y'iterabwoba kandi nk'umuhari utemewe kuva mu 2003, abaserukira uwu muhari bari bamaze igihe baja i Moscou mu biganiro kuva mu 2018.

Reta yahahora yari ishigikiwe n'ibihugu vyo mu burengero yaragirije intumwa y'Uburusiya ko yari ashigikiye cane aba Taliban kandi ko yakumiriye reta yari izwi n'amategeko mu kiringo c'imyaka itatu y'ibiganiro i Moscou.

Kabulov arabihakana, akavuga ko ari ukumucafuza. Ariko imbere ya 2015, yavuze ko Uburusiya bwari busangiye inyungu n'aba Taliban iyo hageze ikibazo co kurwanya umurwi w'iterabwoba wa Etat Islamique/Islamic State (IS).

Washington ntiyavyihanganiye. Umunyamabanga wa Reta wa Amerika ajejwe imigenderanire ico gihe, Rex Tillerson , yaragirije Uburusiya mu kwa munani 2017 ko bwaha ibirwanisho aba Taliban, ivyo Moscou yiyamirije ivuga ko ari ivyo "gutesha umutwe".

Ubushikirangaji bw'imigenderanire i Moscou bwavuze buti: "Twarasavye bagenzacu b'abanyamerika gutanga ivyemezo, ariko ntavyo bashoboye gutanga...nta mfashanyo n'imwe duha aba Taliban".

Mu kwa kabiri uno mwaka, Kabulov yarateye uburakari reta ya Afghanistan mu gushimagiza ingene aba Taliban bariko berekana ubugwaneza ku bijanye n'amasezerano ya Doha, aca yagiriza Kabul ko yariko irabatobera.

Kwitaho umutekano w'akarere

N'aho Moscou ifitaniye imigenderanire ya hafi n'aba Taliban, iracitonda, yihweza iyo ibintu bitera bija, kandi nta n'uko irakura uwu muhari ku rutonde rw'imirwi y'iterabwoba muri kino gihe.

Perezida Putin avuga ko yizeye ko aba Taliban bazokora ivyo biyemeje mu kugarukana ituze. Ati: "Ni ngombwa kutemerera imirwi y'iterabwoba gushika mu bihugu bibanyi".

Ibintu nyamukuru biraje ishinga poritike y'Uburusiya ni umutekano w'akarere hamwe na kahise kabi kabwo muri Afghanistan. Bukeneye gukomeza umutekano ku mbibe buhana n'incuti zabwo muri Aziya yo hagati, no kuzibira iterabwoba n'urudandaza rw'ibiyayuramutwe.

Igihe Amerika itera aba Taliban inyuma y'ibitero vyo ku wa 11 z'ukw'icenda 2001, ikanashinga ibirindiro mu bihugu vyahoze bigize Reta Zunze Ubumwe z'aba Soviet, mu ntango Uburusiya bwakirije yompi iyi ngingo, ariko haciye akanya gato imigenderanire yaciye itosekara.

Mu ntango z'uku kwezi, Uburusiya bwarakoze imyimenyerezo ya gisirikare muri Uzbekistan na Tajikistan, mu ntumbero yo guhumuriza ibihugu vyo muri Aziya yo hagati, bimwe muri vyo bikaba bifitaniye imigenderanire ya gisirikare na Moscou.

Mu kwezi guheze, aba Taliban barahumurije Uburusiya ko, mu gihe boramuka bateye intambwe muri Afghanistan, nta mutekano w'akarere bazohungabanya kandi ko bari gufasha kurwanya abarwanyi ba IS.

Uburusiya bufise kahise kabi k'intambara

Moscou irashimangira ko ata mugambi ifise wo kurungika ingabo muri Afghanistan, kandi ni ibintu vyoroshe gutahura.

Yararwanye intambara yasheshe amaraso menshi kandi, nk'uko abenshi babivuga, itari ikenewe muri ico gihugu, mu myaka ya nyuma y'ubutegetsi bw'aba Soviet mu myaka ya 1980.

Iyi ntambara yatanguye nk'igitero co mu 1979 mu ntumbero yo gushigikira ubutegetsi bugenzi bwabo, yamaze imyaka icenda yose yongera ihitana ubuzima bw'aba Soviet 15.000.

Ni intambara yatumye icari URSS/USSR ico gihe cinubwa n'amakungu, mbere ibihugu vyinshi biranka kwitabira inkino za olempike mu 1980 i Moscou. Yabaye umuzigo munini cane ku butunzi bw'aba Soviet bwariko buratembagara.

Inyuma y'aho aba Soviet bashiriyeho ubutegetsi bwa gikomunista i Kabul bwari burongowe na Babrak Karmal, Amerika, Pakistan, Ubushinwa, Irani na Arabia Saoudite vyovyo vyahaye amafaranga n'ibirwanisho aba Mujahideen, bari bahanganye n'ingabo z'aba Soviet n'incuti zabo.

Abenshi mu bahasize ubuzima bari urwaruka rukiri ruto rwinjijwe mu gisiikare c'aba Soviet, iyo ntambara ikaba yahavuye ibereka ingene abategetsi b'aba Soviet batari biitayeho abanyagihugu babo.

Iyi ntambara ivugwa ko ari kimwe mu vyatumye icahoze ari URSS/USSR gisenyuka bitumwe n'uko abategetsi bazo babutereye icizere.

Intambara yagiye kurangira igisirikare gitaye kikomoka mu buryo buteye isoni mu kwa kabiri 1989.

Ubwoba kuri kazoza

Uburusiya busa n'ubwari bwiteguriye ifatwa ry'ubutegetsi n'aba Taliban, ariko bamwe mu bihweza ibintu n'ibindi bavuga ko bwafashwe giturumbuka, co kimwe n'ibindi bihugu bitari bike.

Andrey Serenko wo ku kigo c'Uburusiya cigisha ibijanye na Afghanistan ya none, avuga ko ata migabo n'imigambi Uburusiya bwari busanzwe bufise kuri iki gihugu, kandi ko ingingo zifatwa ziriko zifatirwaho.

Ati: "Moscou ifise ubwoba ko ishobora gusanga yacerewe mu gikorwa co gusubiramwo itunganywa ry'akarere".

Abandi bafise ubwoba ku vyo reta y'aba Taliban ishobora gukwegera akarere.

Andrei Kortunov, arongoye umurwi mpanuzwajambo w'Uburusiya ujejwe imigenderanire, avuga ko aba Taliban bazokora uko bashoboye kwose kugira bashinge ubutegetsi mu gihugu cose, cane cane uburaruko, ibi navyo bigashobora gutuma umutekano w'Uburusiya n'ibihugu bibanyi uhungabana.

Ati: "Imirwi imwe imwe ya al-Qaeda, canke iya Etat Islamique, ifise ivyicaro muri Afghanistan, ishobora guteza umudugararo muri Aziya yo hagati".

Afise kandi ubwoba ku butunzi bwa Afghanistan bushobora guhungabana, ibi navyo bigashobora guteza umutekano muke.