Ubushamirane mu Barabu bwatumye igiciro c’ibitoro kiduga

Icuka kibi hagati ya Emira Zunze Ubumwe z'Abarabu (UAE ) na Arabia Sawudite muri ino ndwi ku bijanye n'urugero rw'ibitoro vyocukura catumye ibiganiro hagati y'ibi bihugu bibiri vyimbura ibitoro vyinshi gusumba ibindi kw'isi bihagarara, bituma amasoko y'igitoro asigara mu kangaratete, maze ibiciro vy'igitoro bica biraduga inyuma y'imyaka itandatu.

Ibihugu bihurikiye mw'ishirahamwe OPEP/OPEC+, biri kumwe n'ibindi bisanzwe vyimbura ibitoro, vyabaye ngombwa ko bihagarika ibiganiro vyavyo mu kiringo kitazwi, bivuga ko bifise ubwoba ku mutekano w'iri shirahamwe rihurikiyemwo ibi bihugu ryari ryashoboye kuvyifatamwo neza muri ano mezi 18 aheze bihanganye n'ikibazo c'ubutunzi kw'isi caturutse ku kiza-karanda ca coronavirus.

Ibibazo vyatanguye mu ndwi iheze, aho UAE yiyamiriza integuro yashikirijwe n'abategetsi ba Opec+, Arabia Sawudite n'Uburusiya yo kubandanya n'ingingo zo kugabanya igitoro cimburwa mu kindi kiringo c'amezi umunani.

UAE ishaka ibiganiro vyoyiha akaryo ko kwongereza urugero isanzwe yimbura. Ariko Arabia Sawudite n'Uburusiya vyaranse.

Ibiganiro vyagiye kwanka rwose igihe ukutumvikana hagati y'abashikiranganji b'amasoko ntanganguvu ba UAE na Arabia Sawudite - mu bisanzwe ibi bikaba ari ibihugu bicuditse cane - kugiriye ahabona.

Ben Cahill wo ku kigo cigisha ivyigwa mpuzamakungu, Center for Strategic and International Studies i Washington agira ati: "Uku kutumvikana kwaje giturumbuka, ariko imishamirano yoyo yari ngombwa".

Ati: "Abu Dhabi ntiyumvikana na Opec ku rugero ikwiye kwimbura. Yakoresheje amahera menshi cane kugira ngo yongereze urugero icukura. Hanyuma kandi ubu kiriko kiraronderwa cane. Nico gituma UAE yababajwe n'uko mu mwaka uheze utashoboye kwongereza urugero yimbura".

Abaganwa babiri bahanganye

Mu kiringo c'imyaka itari mike, ubucuti hagati ya Arabia Sawudite na UAE nibwo bwabaye ishimikiro y'imibereho mu bihugu vy'akarere k'Abararu.

Ubugenzi hagati y'igikomangoma Mohammed bin Salman wo muri Arabia Sawudite hamwe n'igikomangoma Mohammed bin Zayed wa UAE bwagize uruhara rudasanzwe mu gukomeza ubu bucuti.

Aba bagabo bompi bafatwa nk'abategetsi b'ibi bihugu kandi bafise imigambi ikomeye yo muri kazoza.

Harabaye ugukorana gukomeye mu migambi nyamukuru kuva imyaka itari mike. Barashinze ururani rwa gisirikare rw'abarabu mu 2015 rwari rufise intumbero yo kurwanya inyeshamba z'umuhari Houthi muri Yemen zifashwe mu mugongo na Irani, binafatira ibihano igihugu ca Qatar mu bijanye n'imigenderanire, ubucuruzi n'ingendo mu 2017.

Ariko ibihengeri mu migenderanire vyatanguye kwibonekeza mu myaka ibiri iheze, igihe UAE ikuriye ingabo zayo hafi zose muri Yemen, ingendo itashimishije abanya Arabia Sawudite.

Mu kwa mbere, UAE yaremeranye akarigangamuhogo amasezerano yahagarariwe na Arabia Sawudite yo gukuraho ibihano vyari vyafatiwe Qatar, n'aho bibandanya bitinya Doha (umugwa mukuru wa Qatar).

Hanyuma kandi, Arabia Sawudite ntiyishimiye ingingo ya UAE yo kwunga ubumwe na Israel mu mwaka uheze.

Ibintu vyagiye kwunyuka mu kwa kabiri, igihe Arabia Sawudite itegekeye amakompanyi mpuzamakungu kwimurira ivyicaro vyayo muri ico gihugu gushika mu 2014 canke naho itakaze amasezerano afitaniye na reta. Iyi ngingo yabonetse nk'igitero ceruye kuri Dubai (muri UAE), ihuriro ry'ubudandaji mu karere.

Inyuma y'aho UAE ihagarikiye amasezerano ya Opec+, Arabia Sawudite yaciye isa n'iyishaka kwihora mu guhagarika ingendo z'indege zinjira muri UAE. Ico gihe yavuze ko ari ingingo yafashwe mu kuzibira imigera ya coronavirus, ariko ni ingingo yafashwe himirije akaruhuko k'aba Islam, aho abantu benshi baja i Dubai mu karuhuko.

Arabia Sawudite yatangaje kandi ko yari guhagarika kwinjiza ibidandazwa biva mu karere k'ubudandaji butariha amakori (zone de libre echange/ free zones) canke ifitaniye isano na Israel mu masezerano ifitaniye n'ibindi bihugu vy'ikigobe c'Abarabu, ibifise ingaruka mbi ku butunzi bwa UAE, bugendera ku masezerano y'ubudandaji ata makori arishwe.

Gusiganwa mu vyo ubutunzi

Iingorane iri muri OPEC+ ishingiye ku mishamiraho mu vyo ubutunzi igenda yiyongera, aho ibi bihugu vyompi biriko bigerageza kugwiza imuhora y'ubutunzi bwavyo aho kwama bigendera gusa ku bitoro bidandaza hanze.

Mu gihe Arabia Sawudite iriko ifata imigambi ikomeye ijanye n'ubutunzi ihagarariwe na Mohammed bin Salman, ibi bihugu birahanganye muri kino gihe mu bisata nk'ubukerarugendo, kugura n'ukugurisha imitahe hamwe n'ubuhinga bwa none.

Neil Quilliam wo mu kigo Chatham House c'i Londres, avuga ati: "Arabia Sawudite ni igihangange mu karere kiriko kiravyuka ubu. Ku rugero kanaka ni ingorane kuri Emira".

"Mu myaka hagati ya 15 na 20, mu gihe ubutunzi bwa Arabia Sawudite bwoba bukomeye cane, iyi yoba ari ingorane ku butunzi bwa Emira".

Ntibiraboneka neza nimba Arabia Sawudite na UAE bizoshobora kwumvikana ku yandi masezerano ya OPEC+.

Ariko Ali Shihabi, umuhinga w'umunya Arabia Sawudite yegereye ikirimba, ntiyibaza ko uku kutumvikana gushobora gutosekaza imigenderanire mu gihe kirekire, n'aho abanya Arabia Sawudite batewe umutima uhagaze n'ingendo ya Emira yo kutorosha ibintu - kandi vyari vyashizemwo inguvu nyinshi kugira bishike ku masezerano.

Ati: "Impande zompi zarigeze kuba zifitaniye ibibazo bikomeye cane bitumvikanako muri kahise".

"Mu migenderanire yose hama harimwo ibigenda neza n'ibitagenda neza, harimwo mbere no hagati ya Amerika n'Ubwongereza. Ariko gusa ikintu nyamukuru ni uko yubakiye ku mushinge ukomeye cane ku buryo ata kintu gishobora kuza gisambura ubu bucuti".