'Nzoba ntonze imbere mu guhinduza izina ryanje ryo mu buja'

Abamuka ku banya-Afrika batwawe mu buja (mu bucakara) babwiye BBC ko bagiye guhinduza amazina yabo, inyuma y'aho igisagara co mu Buholandi gifatiye ingingo y'uko ivyo bishobora gukorwa ata mafaranga arishwe.

Uburongozi bw'igisagara ca Utrecht bwafashe ingingo yo kuvanaho amafaranga angana n'ama euros 835 (ni hafi miriyoni zibiri mu mafaranga y'Uburundi) hongeyeko inzira ndende vyacamwo kugira abantu bikureko amazina yamutse ku buja (ubucakara) ba serukuruza babayemwo - hanyuma bashobore gufata amazina yerekana amamuko yabo y'abirabure.

Ku mategeko yari ahasanzwe mu Buholandi, iyo ufise izina ubona ko riteye isoni nka Anus (umufutu, mu kibuno), Garlic (Tungurusumu) canke Naked-born (Yavutse-ari-gusa), ntacasabwa kugira werekane ko utayashaka.

Ariko iyo izina ryawe ryamuka kuri kahise k'igihe c'ubukoroni bw'aba Holandi, hari igihe habanza kuba inzira ndende kandi isaba uburyo bwinshi kugira vyigwe, hakongerako ayo mafaranga asanzwe arihwa.

Linda Nooitmeer, umukuru w'ikigo ca kahise k'ubuja mu Buholandi, avuga ko "bitari vyo guca basaba amafaranga kugira bisubirwemwo".

Nawe izina ryiwe umuntu arihinduye ryoba Never Again (Ntirikabe kandi). N'ubwo asa n'uwuryishimiye kuko ryatowe na basekuruza, aribaza kurihindura. Abona ingingo ya Utrecht nk'imwe mu nzira zo "gukiza, gusubiza abantu ubwisanzure n'ico bari".

Ibinjana bitatu vy'ubuja

Hagati ya 1596 na 1829, aba-Holandi bajabukanye Atlantique abanya-Afrika barenga inusu y'umuriyoni kugira baje gukora mu mirima.

Bafatwa nk'ibintu canke ivyo umuntu atunze hanyuma amazina yabo agafutwa, kimwe mu vyo Linda Nooitmeer yita inzira yo "kwambura ubumuntu".

"Vyose waravyamburwa. Wari kimwe mu biri mu bwato, co kimwe n'inka. Si amazina gusa, ariko hari n'imigirwa, ururimi, umwidondoro wawe, ikintu cose cerekana ko uri umunya-Africa barakikwaka."

Ubuholandi bwabaye mu bihugu vya nyuma vyaciye ubuja mu 1863, inyuma y'imyaka 30 Ubwongereza bubikoze. N'abaja bo muri Suriname, ku nkengera yo mu buraruko bushira ubuseruko bwa Amerika y'Epfo, barindiriye imyaka 19 kugira bidegemvye koko. Abaja barajanywe kandi muri Brazil, Haiti, Curaçao n'ahandi mu mazinga ya Caraïbes.

Umuntu wese yabaye umuja muri Suriname yategerezwa kuba yanditswe mu gitabo c'abaja, gutyo bikaba bizwi ko abantu bashika ibihumbi 80 babayeho mu buja mu myaka 30 y'imbere y'uko bufutwa.

Ntigahera ku bamuka kuri bo

Abaja bahawe ubwigenge baca bahabwa amazina y'amomekerano, kenshi afitaniye isano n'uwaba yahora abatunze, umurima canke urugerekerane rw'ibisagara vyo mu Buholandi canke amajambo avugwa nk'igi-Holandi, n'ubwo amazina azwi y'igi-Holandi yari abujijwe.

Berghout na Seedorf yarakoreshwa co kimwe na Madretsma (Amsterdam urisomye uhereye inyuma) na Eendragt, izina ry'umurima risigura ibiroranye (Harmonie). Ayandi mazina yohindurwa nka Obedient( Uwubaha), Cheap (Azimbutse), Tame (kumenyereza igikoko) canke Submission (kwishira hasi).

Linda Nooitmeer avuga ko ayo mazina aguma yibutsa ko bigeze kuba ari abantu b'agaciro ko hasi kandi ko iminyororo y'ubuja itigeze ibavako ijana kw'ijana.

Amajana barabishaka

Kubera uko gucibwa ku mamuko yabo, benshi baragiye kurondera imizi yabo ya Afrika kugira baronke izina ryerekana ico bari koko.

Muri abo harimwo Yaw, yagiye muri Ghana.

Ubu rero ko igisagara ca Utrecht cavanyeho ayo mafaranga yahora arihishwa, afise umugambi wo kwiyita Yaw ku mugaragaro, risubirire Guno Mac Intosch yahorana.

Atuma urutoke ku biro vy'igisagara, yavuze ati: "Urya muryango niwugururwa, nja kuba ndi mu b'imbere ku murongo."

Mu mwaka uheze abantu bashika ibihumbi 3 bahisemwo guhinduza amazina yabo, ariko rimwe ryonyene niryo ryari rifitaniye isano na kahise k'ubukoroni.

Kuva aho igisagara ca Utrecht kimenyeshereje ko kigiye kuvanaho ivyo kurihisha amafaranga hamwe n'inzira vyasaba kugira izina rihindurwe, abantu amajana baramaze kwerekana icifuzo co kubikora.

Madame Nooitmeer asigura ati: "Bishoboka ko uku rimeze atariko ryari rimeze mu gihe ca ba sogukuruza. Ariko ryari ryatanzwe n'agatima k'ikinya-Afrika. Iryo rirakomeye kuriha abana bawe n'abazobamukako." Avuga ko amazina ari kimwe mu bigize ico bari.

Linda Nooitmeer avuga ati:

"Ku bantu 600.000 batwawe mu buja bavanywe muri Afrika bakajanwa Curaçao, Suriname, no mu yandi mazinga, ubuja burangiye, hari hasigaye 60,000 gusa."

Bamaze kuronka ubwigenge, bamwe mu bahira ari baja barishize hamwe baragura imirima y'ipampa.

Kuri bo, kwiha ayandi mazina cari ikintu co kwiha ububasha, kuko abahora batunzwe ubu ari bo bari babaye benevyo. Madame Nooitmeer avuga ko bari kwumva igituma ababamukako bari kugerageza gusubira kumenya ico yita inguvu z'ikinya-Afrika.

Inzu ndangamurage ya Rijksmuseum muri Amsterdam iherutse gutuganya imurikwa rijanye n'ubuja, rihagarariwe n'uwujejwe igisata cayo ca kahise, Valika Smeulders.

Duhuriye mu kigo ca kahise ca Hague, muri Lange Voorhout, asigura ko cubatswe n'uburyo bwavuye mu rudandazwa rw'abaja.

Madame Smeulders n'incange, akaba yamuka ku batwara abaja, ku baja no ku babagura. Amazina yabo avanze amamuko yo mu Buholandi, Ecosse (Scotland) na Portugal, akaba abona ko amamuko yiwe "afatiye cane kuri kahise k'ubukoroni". Kuri we rero guhindura izina n'ihitamwo ritoroshe, riraba umuntu ku giti ciwe kandi ridashobora gushoka rihurumbirwa n'abantu bashika umuriyoni mu Buholandi.

Asigura ko "abantu bifata mu buryo butandukanye ku bibashikira. Kuri bamwe, [izina ryabo] rishobora kuba ari ikintu bashaka kugumya".

Valika Smuelders avuga ati:

"Ibi biri mu bigize uwo ndi. Kandi sindeka ngo ivyashitse abe ari vyo bigena uwo ndi. Ku bandi bishobora kuba bibababaza cane gushika aho barondera kuryikura kugira batangure gushasha."

Benshi mu bafise amazina y'igi-Holandi barashaka kuyagumya, kuko ivyigwa vyinshi vyerekanye ko kugira izina ryumvikana ko ari mvamahanga mu Buholandi rishobora kugutuma ukumirwa mu mashure, mu kuronka inzu canke akazi.

Umuhungu wa Yaw yibaza ko izina rikomoka muri Ecosse (Scotland) Mac In Tosch rishobora kuba ryaramwugururiye imiryango mu bigo akoramwo.

Yicaye mu gitutu c'urwibutso rw'ubuja muri Oosterpark i Amsterdam, Linda Nooitmeer yibuka igihe umukuru w'igisagara Femke Halsema yasaba imbabazi kubera uruhara ubutegetsi bw'igisagara bwagize mu rudandazwa bw'abaja.

"Vyarankoze ku mutima cane. Sinopfuye ndavyibajije, no mu myaka ine iheze, namba. Urumva turiko turatera intambwe."

Mu gihe ndiko mvugisha Yaw hanze y'ibiro vy'igisagara, haje umugabo avugira hejuru amajambo ajanye n'irondoraruhu: "Nturi umunya-Afrika, kubera gusa wirabura. Niba wibaza ko uri umunya-Afrika, subirayo. Wazanywe ngaha n'ivyo tuguha".

Abantu baguma babirabira kure gushika haje uwundi mugabo w'umuzungu kuraba ivyo ari vyo.

N'igihe gishegesha ariko Yaw abifashe mu buryo bworoshe.

Kuri we Ubuholandi buracari ku rugendo kandi kwemera ko abantu bifuza guhindura amazina yabo akomoka ku gihe c'ubuja, ni intambwe nto ariko iri n'ico ivuze gikomeye.

Avuga ati: "Aba-Holandi bavuga ko ari abantu babohotse kandi ko igihugu cabo cabohotse, hanyuma ukabona inyifato nk'iyi."

Yibaza ko umuzo wakwiye isi yose wa Black Lives Matter wazanye ubudasa, uguhindura amazina bikaba biri muri iyo ntumbero y'ingene abantu bavyumva mu buryo bwagutse.

"Turi ngaha, turubaka igihugu, kandi ntidushobora kureka ngo abantu batwirukane kubera bavuga ko tutari abo ngaha."