These are worth 3 marks, there are two per paper. There is no one specific answer:

• marks are given for breadth - i.e. you can give some details about lots of related information
• or
• marks are given for depth - i.e. you can go into lots of detail about a specific aspect

Markers are looking for your understanding of the concepts involved in the question and linking different concepts together.

The use of chemical formulae and equations, relationships, examples, diagrams and structures is desirable. Your answer can be in sentences or developed bullet points.

Your answer is taken as a whole and doesn’t have to be complete or perfect to get 3 marks.