Iiraan ma bilooyin ayay u jirtay soo saarista bambada nukliyeerka?

Israa'iil ayaa duqaysay dhowr bartilmaameed oo ku yaalla guud ahaan Iiraan, iyada oo waxyeello u gaysatay warshada kobcinta yuraanyoomta ee ku taala Natanz iyada oo Tehran ku dishay taliyayaal sare oo ciidamada iyo sayniska Nukliyeerka.

Ka dib weerarka koowaad ee habeenkii Khamiista, wasiirka arrimaha dibadda Iiraan ayaa cambaareeyyay waxa uu ugu yeeray weerarrada mas'uuliyad darrada ee lagu qaaday adeegga nukliyeerka nabadda ee dalkiisa. Iiraan ayaa tan iyo intii ka dambaysay wakhtigaasi qaaday weerar rogaal celin ah iyada oo duqaymo cirka ku ekeysiiyay Israa'iil.

Abbas Araghchi ayaa sheegay warshadda Natanz ay ku howlgalaysay la socodka hay'adda dabagalka caalamiga ah ee Nukliyeerka ee Hay'adda Tamarta Atoomikadda Caalamiga ah (IAEA) iyada oo sida uu sheegay duqaymaha ay khatar galiyeen adeegga oo ay ka dhalan gaartay musiibo shucaaca haddii ay wax gaari lahaayeen.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Ra'iisul Wasaaraha Israa'iil Benjamin Netanyahu ayaa ku dhawaaqay howlgalku uu ahaa muhiim in la yareeyo halista Iiraan ee jiritaanka Israa'iil.

Waxaa uu sheegay inuu tallaabadaasi u qaaday sababta ah ''haddii aan la joojin, Iiraan ay kusoo saari karto hubka Nukliyeerka wakhti yar gudihiis'',

''Waxa ay noqon kartaa sannad. Waxa ay noqon kartaa bilo gudahood,'' ayuu kaga digay.

Ma jirtaa caddeyn ah Iiraan ay ka shaqaynaysay bambada nukliyeerka?

Milatariga Israa'iil ayaa sheegay inay soo ururiyeen xog sirdoon oo muujinaya ''horumar la taaban karo'' la sameeyay ''dadaalka dowlada Iiraan ee soo saarista hubka ayaa wax looga beddelay bambada Nukliyeerka'', oo ay ku jirto birta muhiimka ee yuraanyoomta iyo curriyaha asaasiga ah ee riddida qaraxa Nukliyeerka''.

Kelsey Davenport, agaasimaha urur siyaasaddiisu ay tahay kahor taga samaysashada hubka ee fadhigiisu yahay Maraykanka ayaa sheegay ra'iisul wasaaraha Israa'iil uusan soo bandhigin caddeymo cad ama lagu qanci karo oo ah Iiraan inay qarka u saaran tahay inay is hubayso''.

Waxa ay BBC u sheegtay ''sidoo kale, qiimaynta ah Iiraan ay ku hormarin karto hubka nukliyeerka aasaasiga muddo bilo ah gudaheed aysan ahayn wax cusub.''

Waxa ay sheegtay qaar kamid ah dhaqdhaqaaqyada Nukliyeerka Iiraan ay suurtagal tahay lagu hormariyo bombada, laakiin hay'adda sirdoonka Maraykanka ayaa qiimeeysay Iiraan aysan ku lug yeelan shaqada furaha u ah inuu gaaro heer hub ahaan loo adeegsado.

Bishii Maarso, agaasimaha sirdoonka qaranka Maraykanka Tulsi Gabbard ayaa u sheegtay baarlamanka in isku ururinta Iiraan ee horumarinta yuraanyoomta ay ahayd ''meeshii ugu sarreysay''.

Waxa kale oo ay sheegtay bulshada sirdoonka Maryakanka ay ''sii wadaan qiimaynta ah Iiraan aysan dhisayn hub nukliyeerka iyo hoggaamiyaha ugu sarreeya Ayatollah Cali Khamenei uusan bixin amarka barnaamijka hubka nukliyeerka ee uu ku joojiyay sanadkii 2003''.

''Haddii Netanyahu ay dhiirigalisay khatarta soo saarista hubka nukliyeerka, Israa'iil waxaa ay sirdoonkaasi la wadaagi lahayd Maraykanka, waxaana weerarka bilowga ah uu beegsan lahaa dhamaan bartilmaameedyada goobaha furaha ah ee hubka Nukliyeerka Iiraan,'' ayay Devenport intaasi ku dartay.

Toddobaadkii aynu soo dhaafnay, IAEA ayaa ku sheegtay warbixinteeda dhowr biloodka ah in Iiraan ay isku ururisay horumarinta yuraanyoomta 60% oo nadiif ah – wakhti gaaban, talaabo farsamo ahaan ka fog heerka hubka, ama 90%- ay suurtagal ahaan sameyso sagaal bambo oo nukliyeer ah. Taasi waxaa ay ahayd '' xaalad walaac dhab ah'' leh oo siinaysa abuurista khataro, ayay ku dartay.

Hay'adda ayaa sidoo kale sheegtay in aysan bixin karin balanqaadka in barnaamijka Nukliyeerka Iiraan uu gabi ahaanba yahay mid nabdeed, maxaa yeelay Iiraan ma aysan raacayn baaritaannada qaybaha yuraanyoomta ee bini'aadamku sameeyay ee ay ka heleen baarayaasha goobaha nukliyeerka ee aan la shaacin.

Maxaynu ka ognahay Barnaamijka Nukliyeerka IIraan?

Iiraan waxaa ay marwalba sheegtaa in barnaamijkeeda nukliyeerka uu gabi ahaanba yahay mid nabdeed aysana waligeed doonin inay horumariso hubka nukliyeerka.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, toban sano ku dhowaad baaritaan ay samaynaysay IAEA ayaa lagu helay caddeyn ah in Iiraan ay samaysay ''dhaqdhaqaaqyo la xiriira horumarinta qalabka qarxa ee nukliyeerka'' laga soo bilaabo dhamaadkii 1980 ilaa 2003. Wakhti mashaariicda hoos imaanayay wax loo yaqaanay ''mashruuca Amad'' la laalay.

Iiraan waxa ay sii waday qaar kamid ah dhaqdhaqaaqyadeeda ilaa 2009- markaasi oo quwadaha Galbeedka ay shaaciyeen jiritaanka dhismaha goobta dhulka hoostiisa ee lagu hormarinayay oo ku taala deegaanka Fordo. Laakiin wakhtigaasi wixii ka dambeeyay ma jirin calaamado la isku halayn karo ee horumarinta hubka, sida ay hadda ku soo gabagabaysay.

Sanadkii 2015, Iiraan waxaa ay heshiis la gashay lixda quwadood ee caalamka oo ay ku aqbashay xaddiditaanka dhaqdhaqaaqyadeeda nukliyeerka iyada oo ogolaatay dabagal adag oo ay ku sameeyaan baarayaasha IAEA, taasi oo baddelkeeda looga qaadayo cunaqabataynada.

Madaxweynaha Maraykanka Donald Trump ayaa diiday heshiiskaasi 2018, intii lagu guda jiray muddo xileedkiisii koowaad. Waxaa uu sheegay inay waxyar ka samaysay wadadii joojitaanka Bambka nukliyeerka, waxaana uu dib u soo celiyay cunqabateenadii Maraykanka.

Iiraan ayaa iyadana kaga falcelisay burinta xaddaynta, gaar ahaana kuwa la xiriira kobcinta.

Heshiiska Nukliyeerka waxaa hoostagayay in aan wax kobcin ah laga samayn Fordo muddo 15 sano ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, 2021 Iiraan ayaa dib u bilowday kobcinta ilaa 20%.

Khamiistii, dalada 35-ta dal ee IAEA ayaa si rasmi ah ugu dhawaaqday Iiraan ay jabisay waajibaadkeeda soo saaris la'aanta markii ugu horaysay muddo 20 sano ah.

Milateriga Israa'iil ayaa Jimcihii sheegay in wejigiisii ugu horreeyay ee weerarrada cirka ay waxyeello gaarsiiyeen warshada dhulka hoostiisa ku taala ee Natanz, iyo sidoo kale kaabayaasha muhiimka ah ee suurtageliya in goobta ay shaqeyso.

Agaasimaha guud ee IAEA, Rafael Grossi, ayaa u sheegay golaha ammaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay in la burburiyay warshaddii tayaynta shidaalka (PFEP) iyo kaabayaasha korontada ee Natanz. Ma jiro wax calaamad ah oo muujinaya weerar muuqda oo lagu qaaday hoolka dhulka hoostiisa, laakiin khasaaraha korantadu uu waxyeelo u geystay qalabka baaritaanada ee halkaasi, ayuu raaciyay.

Machadka caalamiga ah ee Sayniska iyo Amaanka ee fadhigiisu yahay Maraykanka ayaa sheegay in burburinta PFEP ay ahayd mid muhiim ah sababtoo ah xarunta ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu soo saaro 60% yuraanyoomta iyo sidoo kale horumarinta qalabaka (centrifuges).

"Ma hayno sawir cad oo ku saabsan sida dhakhsaha ah ee Iiran ay dib ugu bilaabi karto hawlgalkeeda ama haddii Iiran ay awood u leedahay inay leexiso yuraanyoomta ilaa IAEA ay tagto goobta," ayay tiri Davenport.

Xilli dambe oo Jimcihii ah, Iiran waxa ay ku wargelisay IAEA in Israa'iil ay weerartay warshadda Fordo ee tayeynta iyo Xarunta Tiknoolajiyada Nukliyeerka ee Isfahan.

Milatariga Israa'iil ayaa sheegay in weerar ka dhacay Isfahan ay ku "burburiyeen xarun laga soo saaro macdanta yuraanyoomta, shaybaaro iyo kaabayaal kale.

"Illaa inta Fordo ay sii shaqeynayso, Iiran waxa ay weli ku jirtaa khatarta fiditaanka hubkaaasi ee mustaqbalka dhow. Dahraan waxa ay haysataa ikhtiyaarka ah inay kobciso tayeynta heerka hubka ee goobta ama u weeciso yuraanyoomta meel aan la shaacin," ayay tiri Davenport.

Waxaa intaasi ay ku dartay in ay taasi tahay yool aan suurtagal ahayn.

Ra'iisul wasaaraha Israa'iil ayaa sidoo kale sheegay in howlgalka uu sii socon doono "maalmo badan oo ay qaadaneyso in meesha laga saaro khatartan".

"Weerarradu waxa ay burburin karaan xarumaha iyo bartilmaameedka saynisyahannada laakiin ma tirtiri karaan aqoonta Nukliyeerka Iiran, Iiran waa ay dhisi kartaa si ka dhaqso badan waqtiyadii hore sababtoo ah horumarka ay ku samaysay kobcinta yuraanyoomta," ayay tiri.