Zaɓen Amurka 2020: Shekara 100 da amincewa mata su kada kuri'a

A wannan shekarar ake bikin cika shekara 100 da yin garambawul na 19 a kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka wanda ya bai wa mata a ƙasar damar kaɗa kuri'a.

Duk da cewa an amince da gyaran fuskar da aka yi ranar 18 ga watan Agustan 1920, an shafe tsawon shekaru ana tsarawa da kuma yin zanga-zanga - wanda fitattun mata a Amurka irinsu Susan B Anthony da Elizabeth Cady Stanton suka jagoranta.

Ana kallon gyaran da aka yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar karo na 19 a matsayin wata ƙwarya-ƙwaryar doka amma ga mata tsiraru - musamman 'yan Amurka baƙaƙen fata - akwai sauran lokaci nan gaba na bai wa mata damar yin zaɓe ɗari bisa ɗari.

Domin bikin cika shekara 100, BBC ta tattauna da wasu mata da suke neman tsayawa takara - 'yan Republican da Dimokrat - domin ganin irin ci gaban da suka samu da kuma abin da ya rage su yi.

'Sannu a hankali, ana yaye shingen da aka sa'

Jennifer Carroll Foy, 'yar takarar gwamna a Virginia (Jam'iyyar Dimokrat)

"Abu ne me tarihi a ce za a gudanar da zaɓen shugaban ƙasa cikin shekara ta 100 da mata suka samu damar yin zaɓe," a cewar Jennifer Carroll Foy. 'Yar asalin Petersburg da ke Virginia, Carroll ta taso a hannun kakarta - wadda aka santa da faɗin karin maganar "idan kana da shi, ya kamata ka bayar."

Ms Carroll Foy na neman yin amfani da wannan karin maganar a harkokinta na siyasa.

Yayin da take murnar bikin shekara 100 da yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka garambawul, ta san da cewa gyaran bai shafi kowa da kowa ba. Mata baƙar fata sun fuskanci ƙalubale kafin su samu damar kaɗa kuri'a - damar da ba a basu ba har sai da aka samar da dokar da ta ba da damar yin zaɓe a 1965.

"A matsayinta na baƙar fata mace akwai sauran aiki da ya kamata a yi," a cewarta. "Har sai mata sun samu damar kaɗa ƙuri'a ɗari bisa ɗari, za a ci gaba da fafutukar nemar wa mata 'yancin kaɗa ƙuri'a."

Ga Ms Carroll Foy, bikin shekara 100 na yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka garambawul karo na 19, ganin mata baƙar fata na iya zaɓe. ’Idan ba ka ga mata riƙe da madafun iko ba, zai yi wuya a samu yiwuwar haka," a cewarta. "Ni ce zan zama gwamna baƙar mace ta farko a ƙasarmu."

Haka ma, a zagayowar wannan rana, matsayin Sanata Kamala Harris a jam'iyyar Dimokrat na da mahimmanci ga Ms Carrol Foy saboda zai sa mata baƙaƙen fata su kalle ta a matsayin madubi.

'Ina fatan ganin ƙarin wasu matan da za su tsaya takara'

Beth Van Duyne, 'yar takarar majalisar wakilai mai wakiltar Texas, District 24 (Jam'iyyar Republican)

"Ina tunanin yadda muka zo i yanzu," kamar yadda Beth Van Duyne ta faɗa. "Abin farin ciki ne kasancewa ɗaya daga cikin mata 'yan jam'iyyar Republican da ke neman kujerar majalisar wakilai a wannan shekarar."

A cewar Ms Van Duyne, amincewa da gyaran da aka yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin Amurka karo na 19 ya haifar da ci gaba ga mata. Daga dokar da ta baiwa kowa dama da aka yi wa garambawul zuwa yawan matan da suka shiga makarantun gaba da sakandare ta hanyar sabbin harkokin kasuwanci na mata, "Abin jin daɗi ne ganin mata na samun ƙwarin gwiwa da tallafi sannan suna samun ci gaba," a cewarta.

Amma shekara 16 da Ms Van Duyne ta shafe tana gudanar da harkokin siyasa, cike suke da ƙalubale da dama. A matsayin mace magajin garin Irving a Texas ta farko, ta tuna yadda ta yi fafutukar kai wa ga matsayin cikin maza."

Ms Van Duyne ta samu ƙwarin gwiwa daga matan da suke shiga siyasa.

'Ina ganin akwai sauran aiki a gaba idan ana son kowa ya samu damar kaɗa ƙuri'a'

Julie Oliver, 'yar takarar majalisar wakilai a Texas, District 25 (Jam'iyyar Dimokrat)

Lokacin da take tasowa, Julie Oliver ba ta da tabbacin yadda mahaifiyarta take fafutukar kula da iyalinta. "Bani da masaniya kan yadda take iya yin haka, ama kuma tana yi," A cewar Ms Oliver. Ƙoƙarin da mahaifiyarta ta yi ƙara mata ƙwarin gwiwar neman takarar 'yar majalisa. Wannan ne karo na biyu da take neman wakiltar gunduma ta 25 da ta haɗa da Austin da Central Texas.

"Ina yawan faɗin, "ko ya majalisa za ta zama a hannun uwa? ta faɗa wa BBC News. Da ta fara neman kujerar majalisa a 2018, Oliver ta tuna yadda mai gidanta ya riƙa ƙarfafa mata gwiwa. "Ina murna da samun irin waɗannan mazana a rayuwata." kamar yadda ta ƙara faɗi.

A matsayinta na mace da ke fafatawa a siyasa, Ms Oliver tana ganin samun ƙarin mata a majalisar wakilan zai ƙara faɗaɗa tsarin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin jam'iyyu. "Mata suna da irin wannan burin idan aka zo kan batun ilimi da kiwon lafiya da zuba jari kan abubuwan more rayuwa."

Duk da cew bikin wannan rana ta gyara karo na 19 da aka yi wa kundin tsarin mulkin ƙasar abu ne na murnar baiwa "wasu mata damar yin zaɓ," Ms Oliver na ganin ranar dama ce da za a yi duba don ganin an baiwa sauran matan da ba sa iya yin zaɓe dama a sassan ƙasar.

"Ya haɗa da mata ba wai farar fata kaɗai ba." kamar yadda ta ce. Tabbatar da cewa mata baƙar fata sun samu tallafi yana da mahimmanci ga ƙudirin Ms Oliver na neman takara.

Ta ce: "Amma ina fatan mutane za su ƙalubalance ni idan ban yi yadda ake zato ba."

'A matsayin uwa da ke aiki, ya zan kula da al'umata?

Valerie Ramirez Mukherjee, 'yar takarar majalisar wakilai a Illinois, District 10 (Jam'iyyar Republican)

Duk tsawon shekarun da ta yi a kasuwanci da kuɗi, Valerie Ramirez Mukherjee ta ce ta yi sa'a ba ta taɓa fuskantar matsalar nuna banbancin jinsi ba amma tana yawan auraron matan da suka fuskanci haka. "Ina son taimaka wajen magance lamarin," a faɗinta. "Ta ya za mu samu wasu da suma su kasance basu taɓa fuskantar irin wannan ƙalubalen ba?"

Ms Ramirez Mukherjee da ɗan uwanta su ne na farkon zuwa jami'a kuma ta tuna cewa mahaifiyarsu bata basu horon nuna banbanci tsakanin jinsi ba. "Ban san akwai wani 'aiki' na mata ko na maza ba." in ji ta. "Kawai abin dubawa shi ne wanda yake da iyawar aiwatar da aikin."

Sai da Ms Ramirez Mukherjee ta yi shirin yin aure sannan aka sa ta san jinsin ta. Ta fuskanci ƙalubale a juna biyunta sannan ta gane cewa ƙoƙarin samun lokaci domin ganin likita yayin aiki ba ya yi wa abokan aikinta maza daɗi.

Yanzu, a karon farko da ta fara tsayawa takara, Ms Ramirez Mukherjee ta duƙufa wajen tabbatar da gaskiya ga matan da suke aiki. "Shekara 100 baya kuma muna nan kan batun." a cewarta. "Idan mace ta yanke shawarar yin aure, ta ya ya za a tattauna a kai?"

Idan aka zo kan maganar samun damar kaɗa kuri'a a Amurka, Ms Ramirez Mukherjee tana "godiya" cewa tsarin yin zaɓe ta gidan waya ya zamo batun da ake yawan tattaunawa a wannan shekarar. Tana ganin wannan zai ƙarfafawa mutane gwiwa musamman mata, su yi zaɓe.

"Ba kowa ba ne yake da damar zuwa rumfar zaɓe," a cewarta.