Me yasa jirage marasa matuƙa ke da muhimmanci a yakin Ukraine?
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Dubban jirage marasa matuƙa ne ake amfani da su a yaƙin Ukraine don gano wuraren da abokan gaba suke, da harba makamai masu linzami da kuma harbin bindiga kai tsaye.
Bangarorin biyu na tura jiragen yaƙi marasa matuƙa da ake amfani da su da kuma sayar da su a ko ina.
Waɗanne jirage marasa matuka na soja Ukraine da Rasha ke amfani da su?. Babban jirgin saman sojan Ukraine mara matuƙi shi ne Bayraktar TB2 da Turkiyya ke ƙerawa.
Yana da girman wani ƙaramin jirgin sama, yana da kyamarori a cikin jirgin, kuma ana iya amfani da su wajen jefa bama-bamai.
Ukraine ta fara yaƙin ne da irin waɗannan jirage kamar 50, in ji Dokta Jack Watling, wani jami’in bincike na Cibiyar Royal United Services Institute.
Rasha ta fi amfani da Orlan-10, in ji shi, kuma ta fara aiki da dubbai irinsu, amma yanzu ba mamaki ƴan ɗaruruwa ne kawai suka rage.
"Su ma waɗannan jirage marasa matuƙa suna da kyamarori kuma suna iya harba makamai masu linzami'' a cewarsa.
Mene ne tasirin jirage marasa matuƙa na soja?
Asalin hoton, EPA
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Jirage marasa matuka na bangarorin biyu sun yi tasiri sosai musamman wajen gano inda abokan gaba, da kai hari da kuma jagorantar harba manyan bindigogi.
"Sojojin Rasha na iya kai wa abokar gabarsu hari a cikin mintuna uku da zarar jirgin Orlan-10 ya hango su" in ji Dokta Watling.
Ba don waɗannan jirage ba, harin na iya ɗaukar kamar minti 20 zuwa 30 haka, in ji shi.
Dr Martina Miron, mai bincike kan tsaro a kwalejin King da ke London, ta ce jirage marasa matuka sun baiwa Ukraine damar shimfida iyakokinta.
"Idan kuna son sanin inda abokan gaba suke a baya, sai kun aika da runduna ta musamman don yin hakan, kuma kuna iya rasa wasu sojoji" in ji ta.
"Yanzu, abu da ake amfani da shi shine jirgi marar matuƙi.
A cikin ‘yan makonnin farko na yakin, jiragen Bayraktar marasa matuka na kasar Ukraine sun sha yabo da jinjina matuka.
Dr Miron ya ce "An nuna su suna kai hari a kai a kai, kuma sun taka rawa wajen nutsewar jirgin Rasha na Moskva."
Duk da haka, an lalata da yawa daga cikin jiragen na Bayraktars, ta hanyar kakkabo su da Rasha ta riƙa yi.
Dokta Watling ya ce: "Suna da girma, kuma suna tafiya a hankali, kuma suna tashi da matsakaicin tsayi, abun da ya sa suke da saukin harbi.
Ta yaya ake amfani da jiragen da ba na soja ba?
Jiragen saman soja suna da tsada, don haka don maye gurbinsa, Bayraktar TB2 guda daya ya kai kusan dala miliyan biyu.
Don haka, ɓangarorin biyu musamman Ukraine suna juyawa zuwa ƙananan jirage marasa matuka samfuran DJI Mavic 3, wanda farashinsa bai wuce £ 1,700 BA.
Wani kamfanin kera jiragen sama na Ukraine ya kiyasta cewa sojojin kasar na da jirage marasa matuka 6,000, amma ba zai yiwu a tabbatar da hakan ba.
Za a iya saka jirage marasa matuka na kasuwanci da ƙananan bama-bamai.
Duk da haka, ana amfani da su musamman don gano sojojin abokan gaba da kai hare-hare.
"Ukraine ba ta da harsashi da yawa kamar Rasha," in ji Dr Miron.
Wani abu kuma shine jiragen da ake saya a wajen 'yan kasuwa ba su da ƙarfi sosai kamar na soja.
Shi kuwa DJI Mavic yana tafiya ne mai nisan kilomita 30 kawai.
Ta yaya kowane bangare ke kare kansa daga jirage marasa matuka?
Dakta Miron ya ce Rasha na amfani da wata fasahar kare leken asiri da hare-hare ta sama.
Suna kuma amfani da na’urorin sadarwa na yanar gizo irin su Aeroscope wajen ganowa da katse hanyoyin sadarwa tsakanin jiragen kasuwanci marasa matuka da masu sarrafa su.
Za su iya sa jirgin ya yi hatsari, ko kuma ya koma inda ya fito, kuma za su iya dakatar da kai bayanan da ya tattaro.
Matsakaicin jirgi mara matuki na Ukraine ba ya wuce mako guda, a cewar wani rahoto na Rasha.
Wane ne ke samar da jirage marasa matuƙa?
A yanzu dai Rasha na sayen jiragen yaki mara matuki na Shahid daga Iran, a cewar fadar White House.
Dakarun 'yan tawayen Houthi a Yemen sun yi amfani da wadannan jirage wajen kai hari a wurare a Saudiyya da Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa.
Amurka ta bai wa Ukraine jiragen yaki mara matuki guda 700 na Switchblade "kamikaze".
Wadannan suna cike da abubuwan fashewa. Suna kuma dimaucewa a sararin samaniya, su kuma tashi da abun da duk ya yi kokarin shan gabansu.
Kamfanin SpaceX na Elon Musk yana samar da tsarin sadarwar tauraron dan adam na Starlink ga Ukraine.
Wannan yana samar da amintacciyar hanyar sadarwa tsakanin jiragen sama marasa matuƙa na kasuwanci da masu aiki.
Yanzu dai kamfanin samar da makamai na DJI ya daina ba wa Rasha da Ukraine jiragen.
Ta yaya Ukraine ke biyan kuɗin jiragen?
Ukraine ta kaddamar da wani gangamin neman sayan jiragen yaki marasa matuka guda 200.
Kalush Orchestra, 'yar kasar Ukraine da ta lashe gasar Eurovision Song Contest, ta sayar da kofin a kan dala 900,000, sannan ta ba da gudummawa ga asusun sayan jiragen.
Kudaden dai za su sayi jiragen yaki mara matuki kirar PD-2 da Ukraine ta kera guda uku.
