Yadda ficewar Nijar da Mali da Burkina Faso daga Ecowas ka iya raunata ƙungiyar

Ficewar ƙasashen Mali da Nijar da Burkina Faso daga ƙungiyar Ecowas a ranar Laraban nan bayan kwashen fiye da shekara guda ana zaman tankiya tsakanin ƙungiyar da ƙasashen guda uku, wani abu da ke nuni da rashin tabbas ga cigaba da kasancewar ƙungiyar ta Ecowas.

A ranar ta 29 ga watan Janairun 2024 ne ƙasashen guda uku da shugabannin mulkin soji ke jagoranta suka sanar da ƙungiyar Ecowas a hukumance dangane da buƙatar ficewar tasu.

To sai dai bisa dokokin Ecowas, ƙasashen na buƙatar sanar da ƙungiyar shekara guda kafin amincewa da ficewar.

Kuma a ranar Larabar nan ne wa'adin ke cika, bayan dukkan ƙasashen uku sun yi watsi da kiran ƙungiyar ta Ecowas na su ƙara tsawaita zamansu mambobinta na watanni shida domin samo mafita.

Yanzu dai ƙasashen na Burkina Faso da Mali da Nijar sun zama ƙawaye inda suka cure wuri guda ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar da suke kira Haɗakar Ƙasashen Sahel (Allaiance of Sahel States (AES).

Shugabannin mulkin sojin ƙasashen dai sun zargi Ecowas da ƙaƙaba musu takunkumi na "rashin imani kuma haramtattu" bayan juyin mulkin da ya kawo su kan karaga.

Sun kuma yi amannar cewa ƙungiyar ta Afirka ta Yamma ba ta ba su cikakkiyar gudunmawa ba wajen yaƙar ƴan'adda. Sun kuma yi amannar cewa Ecowas ɗin ƴar kanzagin tsohuwar uwar gijiyarsu ce wato Faransa.

Faransa ta kasance abokiyar hamayyar wannan ƙasashen da sojoji ke jagoranci da a yanzu haka suka ƙwammace yin hulɗa da ƙasashe irin su Rasha da Turkiyya da Iran.

'ECOWAS ta raunana'

Ƙungiyar Ecowas dai ta samu rauni ne a watan Yulin 2023 bayan juyin mulkin jamhuriyar Nijar. Ecowas ta yi barazanar yin amfani da ƙarfin soji wajen mayar da hamɓararren shugaban ƙasar, Bazoum Mohamed da kuma ƙakaba takunkuman tattalin arziƙi kan jamhuriyar waɗanda yanzu duk an ɗage su.

Ƙasashen uku za su fito da nasu fasfo a ranar Larabar kuma sun sanar samar da rundunar sojin haɗin gwiwa guda 5,000 da za su yaƙi masu iƙrarin jihadi a yanki nan ba da jimawa ba.

Ficewar ƙasashen guda uku za ta yi wa Ecowas "illa musamman ta fuskarrikicin siyasa a yankin", kamar yadda Gilles Yabi, shugaban ƙungiyar Wathi ta ƙwararru a Afirka ta Yamma, ya shaida wa AFP.

Haɗakar ƙasashen guda uku na yankin Sahel, AES da wasu ƙasashen Ecowas na zaman tankiya. Misali Nijar ta ƙi amincewa ta buɗe iyakokinta ga jamhuriyar Benin wadda take zargi da bai wa ƴanta'adda mafaka inda suke yin atisaye. Ta kuma zargi Najeriya da kasancewa wani "filin daga na bayan gida" da ka iya yi mata illa.

Dukkanin ƙasashen biyu na Benin da Najeriya sun musanta zarge-zargen maƙwabciyar tasu.

Togo da Ghana na zawarcin ƙungiyar AES

Ƙasar Togo ta kasance wadda ta buɗe tashar jirgin ruwanta ga ƙasashen uku na AES sannan kuma tana ƙoƙarin shiga tsakani.

"Togo tana da mafarki mai gajeren zango bisa hasashen da ake da su da suka shafi muradun tattalin arziƙi da zai illata Ecowas." In ji Yabi.

Ministan harkokin wajen Togo a baya-bayan nan ya faɗi cewa ba su cire ran cewa ƙasar tasa za ta shiga ƙungiyar ta AES ba.

Idan Ecowas ta rasa mamba ta huɗu kamar Togo wadda ke da hanyoyin sufuri na ruwa, "za mu mamakin yadda Ecowas za ta rayu", in Rinaldo Depagne, mataimakin darektan Afirka a ƙungiyar wanzar da zaman lafiya ta ƙasa da ƙasa ta ICG.

AES "na ƙaƙarin gamsar da ƙasashe cewa Ecowas ba ta yin komai sannan za su iya maye gurbinta ...." in ji wata majiyar hulɗar jakadanci. "Sun fahimci cewa ba za su iya rayuwa su kaɗai ba."

Ghana ƙarƙashin sabon shugaban ƙasarta, John mahama tana ƙoƙarin kai wa ga ƙasashen na AES. Dramani Mahama ya gana da shugabanninta sannan ya sannar cewa zai aike da jakadan na musamman zuwa ƙungiyar.

"Sabon shugaban ƙasar ya banbanta da mutumin da ya gada dangane da matsayar Ghana kan juyin mulkin da ƙasashen suka yi," in ji Depagne na ICG.

"Tambayoyin da ake yi su ne ko za mu iya kasancewa a ƙungiyar AES da kuma Ecowas a lokaci guda?"

'Sabuwar ECOWAS'

Abin da ya faru ya janyo muhawara kan buƙatar ƙungiyar ta Ecowas "ta sake komawa ga muradunta na asali kan tattalin arziƙi da doka da dimokradiyya," in ji Yabi.

"Kowa na sane da irin buƙatar yin sauyi ga Ecowas domin cimma ƙungiyar Ecowas ta jama'a," in ji wani minista na ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen Afirka ta yamma wanda ke tattaunawa da shugabannin mulkin sojin AES.

"AES ka iya zama tamkar ɗakin gwaji kuma za ta iya ci gaba da kasancewa mamba amma a sabuwar ƙungiyar Ecowas," ya yi ƙarin haske.

Duk da raunin da Ecowas ɗin ta samu, Yabi ya ce dole ne mu ƙarfafa dangantaka tsakanin ƙasashen AES da na Ecowas domin " ci gaba da alaƙar tattalin arziƙi" sannan kuma mu fuskanci matsalar tsaro.

Masu iƙrarin Jihadi sun haddasa mutuwar dubban jama'a a Mali da Nijar da Burkina Faso a tsawon shekaru 10 da suka gabata sannan kuma rikicin ya fantsama zuwa ƙasashen ƙungiyar Ecowas kamar Benin da Togo.