Me ya sa har yanzu MDD ta kasa gurfanar da mayaƙan IS a gaban kotu?

Nadia Murad ta ɗauki hoto a jikin wani bango a lokacin biki ba ta kyautar zaman lafiya ta Nobel a birnin Oslo na ƙasar Norwar.
Bayanan hoto, Nadia Murad 'yar addinin Yazidi a Iraƙi, a baya ta gamu da cin zarafin duka da na lalata a hannun mayaƙan IS.
    • Marubuci, Stephanie Hegarty
    • Sanya sunan wanda ya rubuta labari, BBC 100 Women
  • Lokacin karatu: Minti 7

A wata kotu da ke birnin Munich, Nora na zaune a kusa da mutumin da ya saye ta a matsayin baiwa, ya ci zarafinta, ya kuma kashe mata ’yarta mai shekara biyar.

Mayaƙan ƙungiyar IS sun tsare Nora da da 'yarta Reda a Iraƙi a 2015, shekarar da ƙungiyar IS ya fara abinda Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta kira da ''gangamin kisan ƙare dangi'' kan mabiyar addinin Yazidi marasa rinjaye a Iraƙi.

Wasu ma'aurata ne, Taha al-Jumailly da matarsa Jennifer Wenisch - waɗanda suka koma Fallujah daga Jamus - suka ''saye'' su.

A ƙarshen watan Julin shekarar ne Reda mai shekara biyar ta kamu da rashin lafiya, har ta riƙa fitsarin kwance.

Domin hukunta ta kan fitsarin, sai Al-Jumailly ya ɗaure ta a jikin tagar ɗakin a lokacin da tsananin zafi ya kai maki digiri 50 a ma'aunin salshiyos. Shi da matarsa sun bar ta a wajen har sai da rashin ƙishirwa ya kashe ta, a yayin da suka kulle mahaifiyarta a cikin ɗaki tana kuka.

Wenisch ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin 'yan IS na farko-darko da aka gurfanar a kotu, sannan aka same su da laifukan yaƙi a 2021. Wata guda bayan haka kotu ta samu Al-Jumailly da laifin aikata kisan kiyashi.

Labarin Nora na ɗaya daga abubuwan da aka same su da laifi.

“Babu mamaki game da haka, an aikata wannan laifi,” in ji wadda ta lashe kyautar zaman lafiya ta Nobel, Nadia Murad, 'yar fafutikar kare mabiya addinin Yazidi, wadda ke zaune ƙuaye guda da Nora, kuma ta shafe shekara 10 tana fafutikar neman adalci.

“Abin da mutane ba sa ganewa da IS da ƙungiyoyi irinsu shi ne ba sa damuwa a kashesu. Amma suna matuƙar tsoron su fuskanci mata ko 'yan mata a kotu,'' in ji ta.

''Kuma akoyaushe sukan sauya sunaye dan ba a hukunta a bainar jama'a ba''.

Taha al-Jumailly (hagu) riƙe da ƙundin adana bayanai, rufe da fuskantarsa a cikin kotu a lokacin da aka yanke masa hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai bayan samunsa da laifukan aikata kisan ƙare dangi da sauran laifukan yaƙi a birnin Frankfurt na ƙasar Jamus a 2021.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Wata kotu a birnin Frankfurt ta yanke wa Taha al-Jumailly hukuncin ɗaurin rai da rai bayan samunsa da laifin aikata kisan ƙare dangi, kisan kai da sauran laifuka.
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A shekarar 2014 ne IS ta ƙace kaso mai yawa na arewcain Iraƙi tare da musguna wa mabiya tsirarun addinai.

Amma sun fi tsananta cin zali kan mabiyar addinin Yazidi, waɗanda suka raina addininsu.

Sun kashe dubban maza mabiya addinin, da kuma yara maza masu shekaru fiye da 12 da kuma tsafaffin mata, sannan suka kama dubban mata da 'yan mata a matsayin bayi ko sa-ɗaka, haka kuma suka tilasta wa ƙananan yara maza shiga aikin soja.

Fiye da mutum 20 ne kawai daga cikin dubban mayaƙan IS, aka samu da laifukan yaƙi a kotunan Jamus da Portugal da kuma Netherlands.

A ƙasar Iraƙi an riƙa gurfanar da mayaƙan IS bisa zargin laifukan ta'addanci amma ba na yaƙi ba.

Samunsu daka yi da laifuka a ƙasashen Turai ya samu ne bisa tallafin wai bincike na tsawon shekara bakwai da Majalsar Dinkin Duniya ta gudanar, inda a nan ne gangamin Nadia Murad ya soma. Bincike ya tara miliyoyin hujjoji.

To sai dai binciken ya tsaya a wata Satumba, lokacin da Iraƙi ta dakatar da ƙawancenta da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. A yanzu hujjojin na nan a shalkwatar Majalisar da ke birnin New York.

Murad ta ce ta kasa fahimtar dalilin da ya sa aka ksa ci gaba da binciken damin gano ƙarin masu laifuka.

Kawo yanzu ba a san adadin mambobin IS da aka gurfanar a Iraƙi ba, da dama na tsare bisa laifukan ta'addanci, to amma ba a gudanar da shari'a a bayyane.

A shekarar da ta gabata ne ministan shari'a na ƙasar ya ce kusan mutum 20,000 da aka tuhuma da laifukan ta'addanci, an yanke musu hukuncin ɗauri, ciki har da mutum 8,000 da aka yanke wa hukuncin kisa, sai dai ba a san adadin mambobin IS a cikin wannan adadi ba.

“Wannan abin tir ne, musamman ga mutanen da suka fsukanci cin zarafi a hannunsu,” in ji Murad.

Matan mabiya addinin Yazidi a Iraƙi na kuka riƙe da hotunan 'yan'uwansu da suka ɓata a sansanin 'yan gudun hijira na Chamishko da ke yankin Kurdistan na iraƙi a taron cka shekara 10 da kisan kiyashin da mayaƙan IS suka yi msus.

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, A 2024, mabiya addinin Yazidis suka yi taron cika shekara 10 bayan kisan ƙare-dangin da mayaƙan IS suka yi musu

An kashe da dama daga dangin Murad. Kamar Nora, an tsare ta sannan mayaƙan suka riƙa sayar da ita a tsakaninsu, suka kuma yi ta yi mata fyaɗe ba adadi.

Babu wanda ya cece ta, ta samu kuɓuta ne da kanta lokacin da ubangidanta ya manta ƙofar gidansa a buɗe. Ta yi tafiyar ƙafa mai nisan gaske kafin ta haɗu da wani mutum da ya taimaketa ya yi safararta zuwa wajen yankin da IS ke riƙe da shi.

''Na ɗauki alhakin guduwa daga wurin da na yi, yayin da ’yan'uwana ƙanana da abokai da maƙwabta ke ci gaba da kasancewa a can,” in ji ta. ''Na yi hakan ne domin na samu damar faɗa wa duniya abubuwan da ke faruwa a can (da ke ƙarkashin ikon IS)''.

Yayin da take jawabi a bayyane, Murad ta musanta jin kunya game da cin zarafin lalata a Iraƙi. Da dama daga cikin matan da ta sani na yin shiru ne domin kauce wa shiga tsangwama. To amma Murad ta samu nasarar shawo kan 'yan'uwanta da abokanta domin samun ƙarin hujjoji.

Babban aikin datake yi shi ne kare waɗanda aka ci zarafinsu ta hanyar lalata.

Daga cikin gangaminta, ta samar da wasu ƙa'idoji da aka fi sani da ''Ƙa'idojin Murad '', domin taimaka wa waɗanda aka ci zarafinsu a baya su samu cikakkiyar kariya idan suka yi magana da masu bincike ko 'yan jarida.

“Cin zarafin lalata da fyaɗe wasu abubuwa ne da ke jima wa a ran waɗanda aka yi wa, har bayan ƙarewar yaƙi. Wannan na zama a ransu na har abada a jiki da kuma zuciyarki,'' in ji ta.

Wani mutum zaune a kusa da wasu gawarwakin mabiya addninin Yazidi da IS ta kashe a birnin Mosul na Iraƙi cikin watan Yunin 2023.

Asalin hoton, Reuters

Bayanan hoto, Da taimakaon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, an gano manyan ƙaburbura 68 da aka binne mutane

Ta ce ba don taimakon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ba, da gwamnatin Iraƙi ba za ta iya hukunta waɗanda aka kama da laifin kisan ƙare dangi ba. Ta kuma ce ba ta son yadda za a yi da gawarwakin 'yan'uwanta da aka tono ba.

Akwai manyan ƙaburbura kusan 200 da aka binne mutanen da mayakan IS suka kashe - kuma an tono 68 daga cikinsu tare da taimakon Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, 15 daga cikinsu a ƙauyen su Murad kaɗai.

Wannan abu a yanzu na hannun hukumomin Iraƙi, kuma daga cikin dubban gawarwaki, 150 kawai aka iya ganewa. Daga cikin 'yan'uwan Murad takwas da aka kashe biyu ne kawai suka samu cikakkiyar jana'iza.

“Mahaifiyata, da 'yar ɗan'uwana da 'yan'uwana huɗu, duka suna cikin wani gini a Baghdad,'' in ji ta.

Nadia Murad (tsakiya) tana jawabi ga Kwamitin Tsaro na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a birnin New York, tare da Amal Clooney (hagu) da kuma Denis Mukwege (dama) (a watan Afrilun 2019)

Asalin hoton, Getty Images

Bayanan hoto, Nadia Murad ta ce Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da sauran ƙungiyoyin duniya sun kasa kare mutanen da aka zalunta

A taron cika shekara 10 da kisan ƙare-dangin da aka yi wa mabiya addinin Yazidi, Murad ta yi kausasan kalamai ga cibiyoyin duniya irin su Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da aka kafa domin su daƙile aikata irin waɗannan laifuka.

“Waɗanan ƙungiyoyi na duniya sun kasa kare mutane. Bani misali guda na inda wadannan ƙungiyoyi suka yi nasarar hana aukuwar yaƙi, ko a Iraƙi ko Syria ko Gaza da Isra'ila ko Kongo ko Ukraine''.

“An kafa su domin su kare mutanen da ba su ji ba ba su gani b, amma sai suka ɓuge da kare abin da ya yi musu daɗi da muradunsu da kum siyasarsu ,'' in ji ta.

Ta damu matuƙa cewa yaƙi da ake yi a Gaza da Lebanon zai iya yaɗuwa, kuma mayaƙan IS ka iya amfani da ɓurɓushinsa wajen tayar da fitina a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya.

"Ba za ku iya kawar da aƙida irin ta IS masu riƙe da makamai ba,'' Mun san cewa da yawa daga cikinsu har yanzu suna can, sun tsere ba tare da hukunci ba."

“Ina jin kamar na yi wata bajinta a kotu ta hanyar yin magana, ta hanyar rashin ɗaukar cin zarafi a matsayin abin kunya da ƙyama, ina jin kamar na samu adalci''.

“Amma ga sauran ’yan’uwana mata da ƙawaye da sauran waɗanda suka taɓa fuskantar wannan matsala amma suka yi shiru ba tare da bayyana irin nau'in cin zarafin da suka fuskanta ba har yanzu suna jin ciwon hakan a zukatansu. Kuma irin wannan baƙin ciki a ganina ba zai taɓa gushewa ba sai ana samun adalci''.

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