Umugera wa Marburg ni iki, wokwirindwa gute?
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Abantu babiri muri Ghana baramaze gupfa bahitanywe n’umugera wa Marburg – mu gihe 98 bashyizwe ukwabo – ivyatumye haduka ubwoba ko hashobora kwaduka ikiza gikomeye c’iyi ndwara yandukira cane, itera ubushuhe, kubabara imitsi, gucibwamwo, kudahwa hanyuma, akenshi, gupfa kubera gutakaza amaraso menshi.
None umugera wa Marburg ni iki?
Umugera wegeranye cane n’uwa Ebola, nk’uko ishami rya ONU rijejwe amagara y’abantu ribivuga, Marburg watanguye kwibonekeza igihe abantu 31 bawanduriye hanyuma indwi bagapfa mu biza vyakurikiranye mu 1967 muri:
- Marburg na Frankfurt, mu Budagi
- Belgrade nuri Serbia
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Iki kiza basanze cazananye mu nkende zinjijwe mu gihugu zivuye muri Uganda.
Ariko kuva ico gihe, uwu mugera wagiye uca no mu bindi bikoko.
Hanyuma mu bantu, wandukira uciye ku bantu bamaze ibihe binini mu masenga (ubuvumo mu Kinyarwanda) no mu binogo bicukurwamwo ubutare bisanzwe bituwemwo n’ubuhungarema (uducurama mu Kinyarwanda).
Ni bwo bwa mbere ibonetse muri Ghana – ariko hari ibindi bihugu vya Afrika umugera wigeze kubonekamwo, harimwo:
- Repubulika y’Intwaro Rusangi ya Congo
- Kenya
- Afrika y’Epfo
- Uganda
- Zimbabwe
Mu 2005 uwu mugera warateye ikiza cahitanye abantu barenga 300.
Ariko i Bulaya, umuntu umwe ni we wenyene amaze gupfa mu myaka 40 iheze - hamwe n’uwundi muri Amerika, yari avuye mu masenga yo muri Uganda.
Ahabonetse ibiza bikomeye:
- 2017, Uganda: abantu batatu nibo banduye, batatu barapfuye
- 2012, Uganda: 15 nibo banduye, bane barapfuye
- 2005, Angola: 374 nibo banduye, 329 barapfuye
- 1998-2000, DR Congo: 154 nibo banduye, 128 barapfuye
- 1967, mu Budagi: 29 nibo banduye, indwi barapfuye
Vyavuye muri OMS/ WHO
Uwanduye afatwa gute?
Uwu mugera utangura bukwi na bukwi (giturumbuka);
- N’ubushuhe
- Mu kumeneka umutwe cane
- N’ububabare mu mitsi
Haciye imisi itatu, akenshi haca hakurikira:
- Ugucibwamwo amazimazi
- Kuribwa mu nda
- Iseseme
- Kudahwa
OMS ivuga iti: "Kuri uru rugero, abantu babona umuntu yanduye umengo ni ‘umuzimu’, amaso agacokera, isura igahinduka, agacika inkokora cane”.
Abantu benshi baca batangura kuva amaraso mu bice bitandukanye vy’umubiri, bakavamwo bagasandaba haciye imisi icenda kuva batanguye kurwara, kubera gutakaza amaraso menshi no kudadarara.
Ugereranije, uwu mugera wica inusu y’abawanduye, nk’uko OMS ibivuga, ariko aho vyari bikomeye cane wahitanye gushika ku 88% vy’abanduye.
Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
Ukwirakwira gute?
Agahungarema ko mu Misiri karya ivyamwa akenshi niko kabitse uwu mugera.
Inkende zo muri Afrika n’ingurube nazo nyene zirashobora kugendana uwu mugera.
Mu bantu, ukwirakwira uciye mu mazimazi y’uruhu no kwisasira ivyandujwe uwu mugera.
Eka mbere n’iyo boba bamaze gukira, amaraso yabo canke intanga, nk’akarorero, bishobora kwanduza abandi inyuma y’amezi atari make.
None uvurwa gute?
Nta rucanco rwihariye canke imiti yihariye biraboneka.
Ariko ibintu bitari bike biva mu maraso, imiti hamwe n’ubuvuzi bwo kwongerereza inguvu umubiri (immunothérapie), biriko birakorwa, nk’uko OMS ibivuga.
Hanyuma kandi n’abaganga barashobora kugabanya ubukari mu guha abarwayi ibintu vyinshi vyo kunywa no gusubiriza amaraso yatakaye.
Worwanywa gute?
Gavi, ishirahamwe mpuzamakungu riteza imbere incanco, rivuga ko abantu muri Afrika bokwirinda kurya canke gukorakora inyama zo mw’ishamba.
Abantu kandi bokwirinda gukorakora ingurube mu turere twadutsemwo ico kiza, nk’uko OMS ibivuga.
Abantu bigeze kwandura uwu mugera, mu mibonano mpuzabitsina yabo bokoresha udukingirizo mu kiringo c’umwaka kuva batanguye kubona ibimenyetso canke gushika intanga zabo zipimwe incuro zibiri zikaboneka ko ata mugera zigifise.
Hanyuma abahamba abantu bishwe n’uwu mugera bokwirinda gukorakora ikiziga.
